BALTOPS

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File:NATO BALTOPS 2015 logo.png
NATO BALTOPS 2015 logo

BALTOPS (Baltic Operations)[1] is an annual military exercise, held and sponsored by the Commander, United States Naval Forces Europe, since 1971, in the Baltic Sea and the regions surrounding it.

The purpose of BALTOPS is to train[2] gunnery, replenishment at sea, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), radar tracking & interception, mine countermeasures, seamanship, search and rescue, maritime interdiction operations and scenarios dealing with potential real world crises and maritime security.

BALTOPS in the 1980s and 1990s

In 1985, Commander, Destroyer Squadron 14, was tasked with exercising freedom of navigation in the Baltic Sea and U.S. support for Northern European NATO countries. The mission of the first BALTOPS was to 'show-the-flag' to maintain the U.S. right to sail in international waters, even those in the Soviet Union's backyard. BALTOPS '85 added the objective of increasing the U.S. Navy's tactical proficiency in a strategically vital and challenging sea and air environment. To do this, Commander Destroyer Squadron 14 was assigned a Surface Action Group of six ships: Template:USS, Template:USS, Template:USS, Template:USS, Template:USS, and Template:USS.

In late June 1990, Rear Admiral Thomas D. Paulson, Commander Cruiser-Destroyer Group Two, led Template:USS and Template:USS to visit Poland in conjunction with BALTOPS '90. Their port call at Gdynia represented the first visit by United States Navy vessels to Poland since 1927.[3]

Since 1993 it has been a major contributor to the NATO programme Partnership for Peace, which aims to strengthen and create trust amongst former Soviet Union states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) its former satellites (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) and NATO. All these states have since joined NATO.

Common participants are (but not limited to): Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States of America (commanding country)

The 26th annual maritime exercise Baltic Operations (BALTOPS) '98 in the Western Baltic Sea took place from June 8–June 19, 1998. During the exercise, the commander, Carrier Group Eight, commanded the exercise from USS Vella Gulf.

BALTOPS 2008 (36th)

File:US Navy 080611-N-3396B-129 Ships from various navies participating in Baltic Operations (BALTOPS) maneuver into formation.jpg
Ships from various navies participating in Baltic Operations 2008 maneuver into formation (11 June 2008)

BALTOPS 2008 took place between 8 June to 18 June 2008. Its objective was to promote mutual understanding, confidence, cooperation, and interoperability among the forces and personnel of the participating nations, as well as support national unit and staff training through a series of exercises. BALTOPS 2008 included surface warships, submarines, aircraft, and ground forces from Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States.[4][5]

Rear Admiral Daniel P. Holloway supervised BALTOPS 2008, and the guided-missile cruiser Template:USS served as his flagship during this exercise. Gettysburg was accompanied by the guided-missile destroyer Template:USS and the fleet oiler Template:USNS as part of the U.S. Navy's Task Group 369.4.[4][5][6] Following BALTOPS 2008, the Cole paid a port visit to Stockholm, Sweden, on 27 June 2008, and Gettysburg paid a post-exercise port visit to Kiel, Germany.[5][7] Gettysburg returned to Naval Station Mayport, Florida, on 14 July 2008, completing this two-month-long 2008 surge deployment for Carrier Strike Group Twelve.[5]

BALTOPS 2009 (37th)

On 16 June 2009, USNI bloggers took part in a DOD Bloggers Roundtable with Rear Admiral John Christenson, USN, Commander of Carrier Strike Group 12, the Enterprise carrier strike group. The topic of the call was BALTOPS 2009. According to DODLive, "BALTOPS 09 is a joint operation that allows personnel from partner nations to prepare for disaster relief efforts, humanitarian assistance, and peacekeeping efforts." Moreover, according to DODLive, "this is the 37th anniversary of Exercise BALTOPS and includes Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States." Page Template:Collapse top/styles.css has no content.

BALTOPS 2011 (39th)

BALTOPS 2011 occurs from 3–17 June 2011 among NATO and Partnership for Peace participants. Led by the United States, BALTOPS is a USEUCOM directed, COMUSNAVEUR sponsored, and United States Sixth Fleet executed exercise. The primary planning and execution commander is Commander Carrier Strike Group Eight. The mission of BALTOPS 2011 was interoperability among forces and personnel of participating national unit and staff training objectives through a series of robust training exercises.

BALTOPS 2011 participating countries include Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, The Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the United States. Page Template:Collapse top/styles.css has no content.

BALTOPS 2015 (43rd)

17 countries took part in BALTOPS which started on 5 June and lasted till 20 June. Allied participation demonstrates NATO's resolve to defend the Baltic region, and will hone the ability of Allies and partners to work together.[8]

Participants include Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Page Template:Collapse top/styles.css has no content.

BALTOPS 2020 (49th)

BALTOPS 2020 took place from 7–16 June 2020 among NATO and Partnership for Peace participants. The exercises were concluded by the United States Sixth Fleet.[9][10]

BALTOPS 2020 participating countries include Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. Page Template:Collapse top/styles.css has no content.

BALTOPS 2022 (51st)

A total of 14 NATO nations, including NATO partner nations Finland and Sweden, took part in the 51st BALTOPS exercise between 5 and 17 June 2022.[11] The usual mine hunting exercise was augmented this year with U.S. experimental mine hunting unmanned underwater vehicles and the collection of environmental data for target recognition algorithms, in conjunction with the Naval Undersea Warfare Center and Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific.[12][13]

BALTOPS 2022 was shadowed by two Russian Karakurt-class corvettes.[14]

Investigative journalist Seymour Hersh alleged in his newsletter that during the exercises, the U.S. Navy planted explosive charges on the Nord Stream pipelines, resulting in their explosion later that year.[15] The U.S. government denied this claim, calling it "utterly false and complete fiction."[16] As of February 2023, according to The Washington Post, no other media outlet has corroborated Hersh's allegations.[17] In October 2024, the Swiss newspaper Die Weltwoche wrote an article implicating the Template:USS and other US Navy ships from BALTOPS 22 in the Nord Stream sabotage without referring to Hersh's allegations.[18]

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BALTOPS 2023 (52nd)

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BALTOPS 2023 took place from 4 to 16 June 2023.[19]

BALTOPS 2024 (53rd)

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BALTOPS 2024 took place from 4 to 20 June 2024. It was the largest[<span title="Script error: No such module "decodeEncode".">clarification needed] BALTOPS exercise ever held and the first one to have all participants being NATO members (after Sweden joined NATO).[20][21]

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."globalsecurity.org: Baltic Operations". Archived from the original on 12 September 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2008.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Carrier Strike Group 12 Prepares for BALTOPS 2008". Retrieved 28 September 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."USS Kauffman (FFG 59) and USS Harry E. Yarnell (CG 17) Polish Port Visit". NavSource. 29 December 2006. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
  4. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Carrier Strike Group 12 Prepares for BALTOPS 2008". NNS080602-20. Carrier Strike Group 12 Public Affairs. 2 June 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  5. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lt. j.g. Dennis Panos, USN. "USS Gettysburg Completes BALTOPS" (PDF). The Mirror. Naval Station Mayport. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2009.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."USNS Patuxent praised as BALTOP 2008 ends". Military Sealift Fleet Support Command. 8 June 2008. Retrieved 2 June 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lt. (j.g.) Amanda Canedo, USN (30 June 2008). "USS Cole to visit Sweden after exercise". USS Cole Public Affairs. U.S. European Command. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.NATO. "NATO Allies begin naval exercise BALTOPS in the Baltic Sea". NATO. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."NATO Exercise BALTOPS 2020 Underway". Joint Forces News. 11 June 2020. Retrieved 2020-09-18.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."BALTOPS 2020 Will Only Hold At-Sea Events With Ships Commanded from Shore". USNI News. 2020-06-11. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."BALTOPS 22 Multinational Exercise kicks off in the Baltic Sea". 6 June 2022.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."BALTOPS 22: A Perfect Opportunity for Research and testing New Technology". Seapower. 14 June 2022. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."BALTOPS 22: A perfect opportunity for research and testing new technology". U.S. Sixth Fleet (Press release). 12 June 2022. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Russian Corvettes Spotted Shadowing BALTOPS Exercise". 7 June 2022.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Midolo, Emanuele; Bennetts, Marc (8 February 2023). "US bombed Nord Stream gas pipelines, claims investigative journalist Seymour Hersh". The Times. Retrieved 20 November 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hunnicutt, Trevor (8 February 2023). "White House says blog post on Nord Stream explosion 'utterly false'". Reuters. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.DeYoung, Karen (22 February 2023). "Russia, blaming U.S. sabotage, calls for U.N. probe of Nord Stream". Washington Post. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."US-Marine soll kurz vor Nord-Stream-Zerstörung am Tatort gewesen sein, berichtet dänische Zeitung" [US Navy said to have been at crime scene shortly before Nord Stream was destroyed, Danish newspaper reports]. Die Weltwoche (in Deutsch). 5 October 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Moore-Carrillo, Jaime (2023-06-16). "US, NATO wrap up joint exercises in the Baltics, Europe's High North". Military Times. Retrieved 2024-07-01.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."BALTOPS 24 concludes in Kiel, Germany". U.S. Fleet Forces Command. Retrieved 2024-07-01.[dead link]
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Thousands of NATO troops join drills in the strategically sensitive Baltic Sea region". AP News. 2024-06-18. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

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