Deeside

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DeesidePage Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
Cross-border conurbation
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Aerial view of Deeside and the Dee Estuary
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Map of the Buckley[a] Built-up Area (BUA) covering most of Deeside in Wales, with their labelled subdivisions. [b][1]
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Population53,568 (2011 census)[2]
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Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCHESTER/DEESIDE
Postcode districtCH
Dialling code01244
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United Kingdom
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Deeside (Template:Langx) is the name given to a predominantly industrial conurbation of towns and villages in Flintshire and Cheshire on the Wales–England border lying near the canalised stretch of the River Dee that flows from neighbouring Chester into the Dee Estuary.[3][4] These include Connah's Quay, Shotton, Queensferry, Aston, Garden City, Sealand, Broughton, Bretton, Hawarden, Ewloe, Mancot, Pentre, Saltney[f] and Sandycroft. The population is around 50,000, with a plurality (17,500) living in Connah's Quay.[5]

Deeside is known for its industry, providing jobs for the people of Cheshire, Merseyside and North Wales. The biggest employment area in Deeside is Deeside Industrial Park, located on the north bank of the Dee on the southern edge of the Wirral peninsula, which has both historical and contemporary significance,[6] and provides Deeside and the surrounding area with jobs in many different industries from construction to food production. Deeside is also home to steel manufacturer Tata Steel and Toyota's engine manufacturing plant.

History

Ancient history

Shotton's history dates back around 1000 years to Saxon times.[7][8] Various settlements within the Deeside area are recorded in the Domesday book (1086) which list them within the Cheshire Hundred of Ati's Cross. They are Aston, Broughton, Clayton, Hawarden, Golftyn and Wepre. The largest of these was Hawarden[9] with 14 households.

As a border region, the Deeside area was subject to frequent conflict between the Welsh and the English in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. In the Battle of Ewloe in 1157, Owain Gwynedd inflicted a notable defeat on the forces of Henry II. Ewloe Castle was built by Llywelyn the Great in the early thirteenth century to secure the area. Llywelyn's son and successor, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, was born in nearby Coleshill in 1212.

Recent history

Until industrialisation in the nineteenth century, Shotton remained a cluster of hamlets: a settlement comprising Shotton, Nine Houses and Shotton Hall, which itself dates back to 1637.[4][10][11] Coal mining developed in the eighteenth century, then in 1889 the opening of the Hawarden Railway Bridge over the River Dee improved access to the reclaimed Dee Marshes.[4] Following this, in 1895, the Summers family purchased 40 acres (160,000 m2) of Dee marshland,[12] on which they established Shotton Steelworks.[4][12]

In September 1896, Shotton Steelworks began producing sheet steel. The development of this steelworks on the banks of the River Dee changed an area that was once mainly marshland, with Shotton – just across the Dee – previously little more than a hamlet. Shotton Steelworks led to the development of whole communities to house the influx of workers, estimated up to 13,000 at the height of the industry,[12] with Shotton and Connah's Quay Jetty hubs of activity serving the steelworks.[13] There were also brickworks and other industries in and around Shotton, and Connah's Quay developed as a town on the banks of the Dee Estuary, becoming known for its shipbuilding industry.[6]

Education

Primary schools in the area include: Ewloe Green Primary, Well House Primary School, Bryn Deva Primary, Wepre Primary, Ysgol Cae'r Nant (Brookfield Primary), Golftyn Primary, Venerable Edward Morgan, Sealand County Primary, Sandycroft County Primary, St Ethelwold's Primary School, and most importantly, Queenferry County Primary School.

Secondary schools in the area include: Connah's Quay High Hawarden high School (Connah's Quay), Elfed School (Buckley), John Summers High School (Queensferry) which closed on 20 July 2017, and St David's High School (Saltney).

Further Education

Coleg Cambria is a large and popular college in Connah's Quay. It offers a range of full and part-time courses as well as apprenticeships. In an inspection in 2007 the college gained the highest possible grade 1 inspection ratings for its work-based learning provision. The college was formed in August 2013 through a merger between Deeside College and Yale College Wrexham; it is now one of the largest colleges in the UK and the largest in Wales.[citation needed]

Transport

The Blue Bridge over the River Dee.

Bus travel in Deeside is mainly provided by Arriva North West who offer services to Chester Bus Exchange from a starting point in Connah's Quay, with many services part of the Chester Plus Ticket Zone of Arriva. Arriva Buses Wales also provide a service to Rhyl from Chester which passes through parts of Deeside. Senior citizens are entitled to free public transport to and from Chester.

Transport for Wales provide most train services on the two railway lines passing through Deeside, the Borderlands line between Wrexham and Bidston (Birkenhead), and the North Wales Coast Line between Crewe and Holyhead via Chester. With the main services on the lines being to Bidston, Liverpool and Manchester in England and to Wrexham, Llandudno and Holyhead in Wales. There are also services to London Euston and Cardiff Central which call at Shotton (via its low level platforms) by Avanti West Coast and Transport for Wales respectively. The other two railway stations in Deeside are: Hawarden and Hawarden Bridge both on the Borderlands line. There is a proposed Deeside station on the Borderlands line, to serve Deeside Industrial Estate and is currently in the planning stages.[14] There are also proposals for a station near Broughton as part of the North Wales Metro.

Landmarks

The most striking landmark in Deeside is the fixed cable-stayed bridge, which was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1998. The bridge is known as the Flintshire Bridge but is commonly referred to by locals as the "New Bridge". The industrial park has been used as the base and the service area of the Wales Rally GB every year since 2013.[citation needed]

Deeside Power Station and grid services

Deeside Power Station opened in 1994. It is located on Deeside Industrial Park. In 2020–21, the site was repurposed to support the UK’s National Grid. It now provides inertial response and reactive power to help enhance the Grid's resilience/stability.

Deeside's Power Station is the first gas-fired power station in the UK to be used in this way.[15]

Local media

Television

The Deeside area is covered by both the Moel-y-Parc and the Winter Hill transmitters. The area receives BBC Wales and BBC North West and ITV Wales and ITV Granada although the North West services generally do not provide news coverage of events on the Welsh side of the border.

Radio

Local radio stations include Capital North West & Wales, Chester's Dee Radio, BBC Radio Merseyside, Hits Radio Liverpool and In Demand Radio.

Newspapers

There are three main newspapers for Deeside: these are The Evening Leader, a Deeside edition of the Chester Chronicle and a Deeside edition of the Chester and District Standard.

Deeside.com is an online news and information website covering the Deeside area, it is a founder member of the Independent Community News Network (ICNN) the UK representative body for the independent community and hyperlocal news sector.[16]

Notable people from Deeside

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Notes

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References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."W37 Built-up Area Buckley BUA". statistics.data.gov.uk. Office for National Statistics. 27 March 2011. Retrieved 31 December 2021.
  2. ^ Deeside is made up of the parish of Connah's quay as well as 13 other wards that cover other parts of the conurbation, all of these wards are listed below http://www.ukcensusdata.com/flintshire-w06000005#sthash.EAxGuY47.VfAXHJ3D.dpbs Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Map showing location of Deeside, Wales". Google Maps. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
  4. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Deeside history", The Flintshire Chronicle, 8 August 2008, retrieved 26 April 2010
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban areas in England and Wales KS01 Usual resident population". Office for National Statistics. 2001. Retrieved 7 June 2012. Estimate formed from population of Connah's Quay/Shotton plus Broughton and Saltney which are the welsh parts of the Chester Urban Area
  6. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.BBC, North East Wales: A Pen Picture, retrieved 26 April 2010
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Norry, Roy (16 March 2010), The History of Shotton – Deeside, North Wales in pictures and text, archived from the original on 3 March 2016, retrieved 26 April 2010
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Atkinson, Keith (4 January 2006), "1. Shotton From Saxon Times", The History of Shotton – Deeside, retrieved 26 April 2010
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Powell-Smith, Anna. "Hawarden - Domesday Book".
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Atkinson, Keith (4 January 2006), "2. Shotton from the 13th Century", The History of Shotton – Deeside, retrieved 26 April 2010
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Atkinson, Keith (4 January 2006), "4. Shotton Hall", The History of Shotton – Deeside, retrieved 26 April 2010
  12. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.BBC (10 June 2009), North East Wales: Shotton Steelworks and Garden City, retrieved 25 April 2010
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.BBC (17 March 2009), North East Wales: Steelworks' Jetty, retrieved 25 April 2010
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hemming, Jez (27 April 2017). "Plans for four new North Wales railway stations take 'significant step forward'". northwales. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
  15. ^ https://www.enwl.co.uk/about-us/news/articles/2021/03/18/enwl-connects-uk-s-first-inertia-only-site/
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Deerside". Deeside.com. Retrieved 10 May 2023.

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