K-P-R
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K-P-R is a Semitic root, in Arabic and Hebrew rendered as K-F-R (Template:Langx; Template:Langx). The basic meaning of the root is "to cover", but it is used in the sense "to conceal" and hence "to deny", and its notability derives from its use for religious heresy or apostasy (as it were describing the "concealment" of religious truth) in both Islam and Judaism.
Etymology
Georges Bohas and Mihai Dat, in a study of triconsonantal Semitic roots, noted a connection of X-p-r, p-r-X and p-X-r roots (where X is another consonant) with meanings like "break off", "part," "cut", "shut off", "remove", "break up", "hide", "expel", suggesting a Proto-Semitic biconsontal root pr meaning "cut, divide."[1] It is first attested in the Akkadian verb kaparu ("wipe, smear"), with D-stem kupparu.[2]
Amharic
- Qofere (Template:Langx) dug
Arabic
Concepts
- Kufr (Template:Langx), Kefirah (Template:Langx) — negation of the faith; disbelief
- Kāfir (Template:Langx), pl. Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".) and Script error: No such module "lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Kofer (Template:Langx), pl. Kofrim (Template:Langx) — "coverer" — unbeliever; "a person who hides or covers the truth"
- Takfīr (Template:Langx) — excommunication
- Mukaffir (Template:Langx) — the act which precipitates takfīr
- Kafare (Arabic) — sentence for a crime, for example lashes for adultery, used in religious issues
- Kafr (Template:Langx) — village
- Kaffarah (Template:Langx); Kofer (Template:Langx) — compensation for damages in Quranic, Talmudic and Mishnaic tort law.
Sunni Hadith
Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "lang".) will appear on the front of the face of dajjāl (Template:Langx).
Hebrew
- Kofer-nefesh (Template:Langx)."The price of a life", "a ransom", compared to Teutonic Weregild.[citation needed]
- The poll tax of a half shekel to be paid by every male above twenty years at the census, as described in Script error: No such module "Bibleverse"..
- The spelling "Script error: No such module "Lang"." (with the stress on the e, which stands for Script error: No such module "Lang". which is a long vowel) can mean an unbeliever, similar to the Arabic kafir, see Apostasy in Judaism, Heresy in Orthodox Judaism
- The main meaning of the root Script error: No such module "Lang". is "atone".[citation needed] For example, in Script error: No such module "Lang". (Yom Kippur), the Day of Atonement.
- Kfar (Template:Langx) — village
- Kaparah (Template:Langx) — atonement for a transgression, or compensation through monetary or spiritual means. See Kaparot (Template:Langx)
- Yom Kippur (Template:Langx) — the day of atonement
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Edzard, Lutz (10 March 2014). "Recent developments in Semitic and Afroasiatic linguistics" (PDF). p. 9. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hegg, Tim. "The Meaning of כפר" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
See also
Arabic root k-f-r on Wiktionary
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