Myeik, Myanmar

Myeik
Town
Coordinates:
Country	Myanmar
Region	Tanintharyi Region
District	Myeik District
Township	Myeik Township
Population  (2014)	Template:Fix comma category
Population  (2014)
• Total	Template:Fix comma category
• Density
Template:Pluralize from text	Merguiese MyeikianTemplate:Pluralize from text
Time zone	UTC+06:30 (MMT)
Template:Pluralize from text	Template:Pluralize from text

Petition to the British Governor of Burma from the people of Myeik. Letter in formal Burmese, printed in silk and encased in an oyster shell, ca. 1907. British Library

Myeik (Template:Langx, MLCTS: Template:Transl, or ; Template:Langx, ; Template:Langx, RTGS: , ; formerly Mergui, /mɜːrˈɡwiː/) is a rural city in Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar, located in the extreme south of the country on the coast of the Andaman Sea. As of 2010, the estimated population was over 209,000. Myeik is the largest city in Tanintharyi Region, and serves as the regional headquarters of the Myanmar Navy's Tanintharyi Regional Command. The area inland from the city is a major smuggling corridor into Thailand. The Singkhon Pass, also known as the Maw-daung Pass, has an international cross-border checkpoint.

History

Myeik was the southernmost part of the Pagan Kingdom from the 11th to 13th centuries. After the Pagan Empire's collapse in 1287, Myeik became part of successive Thai kingdoms from the late 13th century to the middle of 18th century: first the Sukhothai Kingdom and later the Ayutthaya Kingdom. A brief period of Burmese rule interrupted this between 1564 and 1593.

From the 16th century on, the city was an important seaport and trading center with the Europeans, who would land at Mergui, travel upriver to Tenasserim and then cross the mountains to reach Ayutthaya. The French officer Chevalier de Beauregard was made Governor of the city of Myeik after the Anglo-Siamese War (1687) that resulted in the English being expelled from Siam. De Beauregard was named Governor by Narai, the king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, replacing an Englishman, Samuel White. The French were then expelled from Myeik following the Siamese revolution of 1688.

The Burmese captured Myeik in 1765 as part of an invasion that would ultimately topple the Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1767. In 1826, the Burmese ceded the region to the British after the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826).

In the Pacific Theater of World War II, Imperial Japanese forces used laborers to hastily construct the Mergui Road to aid their retreat after the rail tracks were destroyed by Allied bombings.

Clock Tower

Climate

Myeik has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Am) that is hot throughout the year. After a short dry season centred on December and January, there is a long wet season from mid-March to mid-November. Heavy rainfall usually occurs from May to September.

Demographics

The inhabitants of the city are descended from many ethnic groups, including Burman, Burmese Indian, Burmese Chinese, Karen, Mon, and Moken. They speak a dialect of the Burmese language known as the Myeik dialect. According to the 2014 census, Myeik has a total population of 284,498.

Attractions

Myeik is home to notable several Burmese pagodas, the largest of which is the Theindawgyi Pagoda, Paw Taw Mu Pagoda, and Mahatheindizaya Pagoda is famous too. Although it is not in Myeik's area, Myeik Archipelago can be accessed from Myeik Port, and is known for its 800 unspoiled islands. Lately, Myeik has got many new attractions such as newly built Kabarlone Pagoda.

Economy

Port of Myeik

The population is primarily engaged in resource extraction industries like fishing, the production of natural rubber and coconuts, the collection of edible bird's nests, and pearl farming. Seafood products like dried fish, dried prawn and ngapi (shrimp paste) are other industries. Myeik is a gateway to the 800 offshore islands of the Mergui Archipelago, which are developing a tourist trade. Tourism in the area is currently restricted to cruises, as land based accommodations are currently non-existent on the islands.

Education

Universities

• Myeik University
• Polytechnic Univiersity, Myeik

Basic Education

High Schools

Myeik has 9 Government High Schools (BEHS). Notable schools include:

• No. 1 Basic Education High School (12.445042, 98.602304)
• No. 2 Basic Education High School (12.436227, 98.602957)
• No. 3 Basic Education High School (12.440027, 98.598910)

There are 11 BEMS schools, three of which are BEHS branches, and only one BEPS school.

Private Schools

• Myint Mo Private High School, Myeik (12.459688, 98.608594)
• Kan Zun Ahin Private High School, Myeik (12.443771, 98.612354)
• Tun Tauk Kyal Private High School, Myeik

International Schools

• ILBC IGCSE & Preschool (Myeik)

Health care

Government Hospitals

• Myeik Public Hospital (12.462990, 98.611030)
• Myeik Traditional Medicine Hospital (12.453778, 98.602115)

Private Hospitals

• Myint Mo Hospital
• Datkhina Dipar Hospital
• Shwe Tara Phu Hospital
• Royal Hospital

Security

• Myeik Police Station (12.437512, 98.598449)

Notable residents

• Htay Myint
• Lwin Moe
• Ngwe Gaing
• Paing Takhon

See also

• Myeik Airport

Bibliography

• Anderson, John (1890). English Intercourse with Siam in the Seventeenth Century. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-24548-7. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
• Pardieu, Vincent (December 2007) "South Sea Cultured Pearls From Mergui, Burma (Myanmar)"
• Smithies, Michael, ed. (2002). Three Military Accounts of the 1688 "Revolution" in Siam. Translated by Michael Smithies. Bangkok: Orchid Press. ISBN 978-974-524-005-6.

External links

• Myeik Walking Tour - a free, bilingual guide to Myeik's architecture and history