Rizhao

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Rizhao
日照市
Jihchao
Prefecture-level city
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Rizhao Seaport
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Location of Rizhao City jurisdiction in Shandong
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CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShandong
County-level divisions4
Municipal seatDonggang District
Government
 • CCP Municipal Committee SecretaryLi Zaiwu (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
 • MayorWang Xinsheng (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
Area
[1]
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 • Urban
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 • Metro
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Population
 (2020 census)[2]
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Population
 (2020 census)[2]
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 • Urban
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 • Metro
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GDP[3]
 • Prefecture-level cityCN¥ 256 billion
US$ 36 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 87,000
US$ 12,300
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
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276800
Template:Pluralize from text0633Template:Pluralize from text
ISO 3166 codeCN-SD-11
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Rizhao
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Rizhao (Template:Zh), alternatively romanized as Jihchao, is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Shandong province, China. It is situated on the coastline along the Yellow Sea, and features a major seaport, the Port of Rizhao. It borders Qingdao to the northeast, Weifang to the north, Linyi to the west and southwest, and faces Korea and Japan across the Yellow Sea to the east.

The name of the city literally means "sunshine".[4] The city is known for its sustainability, and it mandates solar-water heaters in all new buildings. Rizhao city was recognized by the United Nations as one of the most habitable cities in the world in 2009.[5][6]

The city population stands at 2,968,365 people as of the 2020 Chinese census, of whom 1,172,205 live in the urban area of Donggang District. As of 2024, the resident population is estimated at 2,929,000. Compared with the 2,801,013 people in 2010 Chinese census, there has been a total increase of 167,352 people in the past decade, an increase of 5.97%, with an average annual growth rate of 0.58%.[7]

History

Rizhao is located at the place where the ancient Dawenkou culture and the Longshan culture flourished. Rizhao belonged to the Dongyi people during the Xia and Shang dynasties (2070-1046 BC), and to Ju and Yue States in the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC) and the Warring States period (476-221 BC). It became a part of Langye Commandery in the Qin dynasty (221-206 BC). Rizhao was named Haiqu County (Template:Zh) during the Western Han (206 BC-25 AD) and Xihai County under the Eastern Han (25-220 AD).[citation needed] The fangsheng pond of Haiqu's early Buddhist community is the earliest attested.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

During the Tang dynasty, together with Ju County, Rizhao belonged to Mi Prefecture of Henan Prefecture. In 1087, during the Northern Song dynasty, Rizhao Town was established under Ju County, originating the name meaning "(the place that first receives the) sunshine" due to its eastern coastal location. Rizhao County was set up in 1184 during the Jin dynasty. In 1940, it came under the control of the Chinese Communist Party. After being a county and since 1985 a city under the administration of Linyi, Rizhao became a prefecture-level city within Shandong province in 1989.[citation needed]

The Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago has done field survey archaeological work in Rizhao over the years.[8]

Climate

Rizhao has a temperate, four-season, monsoon-influenced climate that lies in the transition between the humid subtropical (Köppen Cwa) and humid continental (Köppen Dwa) regimes. Winter is cool to cold and windy, but generally dry, with a January average of 0.3 °C (32.5 °F). Summer is generally hot and humid, but sweltering days are rare, with an August average of 25.5 °C (77.9 °F). Due to its proximity to the coast and being on a peninsula, it experiences a one-month delayed spring compared to much of the province. Conversely, fall is milder than inland areas in Shandong. The annual mean temperature is 13.7 °C (56.7 °F). On average, there are 2,310 hours of bright sunshine annually, and the relative humidity is 69%.[citation needed]

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Administration

The prefecture-level city of Rizhao administers four county-level divisions, including two districts and two counties.

Map

Landmarks and tourist attractions

The Zaishui Art Museum on an artificial lake was completed in December 2023, along with a promenade and café by the Spanish firm SelgasCano. In addition to the museum, Jun'ya Ishigami designed a horseback-riding center, a hotel, and a 148-foot-high, concrete church.[12]

The following locations have a 4-star rating according to Chinese classification for scenic spots (Script error: No such module "Lang".)[citation needed]

  • Wulian Mountain (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Daqing Mountain (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Wanpingkou Beach (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Rizhao Beach National Park (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Longmengu (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Liujiawan Park (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
  • Tiantai Mountain Tourism Area (天台山旅游区)

Sustainable development

Since the early 1990s, the city has mandated the incorporation of solar water heaters in all new buildings and renovated public buildings, and oversees the construction process to ensure they are correctly installed.[13] The effort to install solar water heaters began in 1992. By 2007, 99% of households in the central districts used solar water heaters, contributing to the city's high sustainability rankings.

Transportation

Rizhao features a major seaport (Port of Rizhao), located approximately 620 km (390 mi) north of Shanghai, 170 km (110 mi) southwest of Qingdao, and 120 km (75 mi) north of Lianyungang. The seaport serves as a site for loading and unloading iron ore and coal. Other products passing through the harbor include cement, nickel, bauxite, and the like.[14] In 2011 the Port of Rizhao, together with the cities of Qingdao, Weihai and Yantai in Shandong, signed a strategic alliance with Busan, the largest port of the Republic of Korea. The alliance aims at building a shipping and logistics center in Northeast Asia.[15] The iron ore port of Lanqiao, which opened in 2014, is located close to it as is the Lanshan port region.[16]

Rizhao Shanzihe Airport (IATA: RIZ) is an airport serving the city of Rizhao. The airport received approval from the State Council and the Central Military Commission in October 2013. It is located in the town of Houcun [zh] (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Donggang District. It was opened on 22 December 2015.[citation needed]

The city is served by two railway stations, Rizhao railway station for local trains, which was rebuilt and reopened in April 2025, and Rizhao West railway station for both local and high-speed services.

Education

Universities and colleges

Since becoming a city, Rizhao has seen a significant growth in the number of universities and colleges, all of which are located in or near the University City (Script error: No such module "Lang".) of Donggang District.[<span title="Script error: No such module "decodeEncode".">citation needed]

International relations

Rizhao has established twin towns and sister city relationships with several international partners.[17][18]

City Country Year
Trabzon File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 1991
Muroran File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 2002
Gisborne File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand 2006
Coatzacoalcos File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico 2008
Dangjin File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 2010
Alhambra File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 2011
Roebourne File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 2014
Türkmenabat File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan 2014
Addis Ababa File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia 2024

As of 2025, Rizhao has also formed friendly cooperation agreements with additional localities, such as Pakhtakor District (Uzbekistan, 2023) and Kovacica (Serbia, 2025), though these may differ from formal sister city status.

References

Citations

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.最新人口信息 (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016". www.stats-sd.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2018-05-05. Retrieved 2024-02-28.
  4. ^ Worldwatch Institute. (2007). State of the World : Our Urban Future. Template:Rp
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."China coastal city wins UN Habitat award - China.org.cn". www.china.org.cn. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Shandong Rizhao becomes the sixth city in China to win the UN Habitat Award". 杨锈祯 党正林. 2009-10-06. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Heavyweight! Announcement of the Seventh National Population Census in Rizhao City". Lanshan Statistics. 2021-06-18.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Expeditions @ Field Museum - Feinman and Underhill - About the Expedition". archive.fieldmuseum.org.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.日照 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in 中文). Weather China. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Junya Ishigami's Zaishui Art Museum Nimbly Extends Across a Lake in China's Shandong Province | Architectural Record".
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Rizhao solar water heating". wwf.panda.org. Retrieved 2025-10-28.
  14. ^ [1] Script error: No such module "webarchive". http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/613350/china_company_report_rizhao_port_co_ltd Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Four Chinese ports ally with ROK's largest port". Marine News China. 29 September 2011. Archived from the original on January 11, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Guide to port entry. IHS Guides. 1 January 2017.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Города побратимы для Туркменистана | Общество | Гундогар". gundogar-news.com. Retrieved 2025-10-28.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."日照已与8市缔结国际友好城市关系". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 2025-10-28.

Bibliography

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  • Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zhang Yuhuan (2014-06-01), 《图解中国佛教建筑、寺院系列》 [Illustration of Chinese Buddhist Architecture and Temples] (in 中文), Beijing: Contemporary China Publishing House, ISBN 9787515401188.

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rizhao.Template:Preview warning

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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for [[Wikivoyage:Rizhao#Template:Wikidata|Rizhao]].
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