Dalet
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| Dalet | |
|---|---|
| Phoenician | Page Template:Script/styles phoenician.css has no content.𐤃 |
| Hebrew | Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.ד |
| Samaritan | |
| Aramaic | |
| Syriac | |
| Nabataean | |
| Arabic | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.د |
| South Arabian | |
| Geʽez | |
| North Arabian | |
| Ugaritic | Page Template:Script/styles.css has no content.𐎄 |
| Phonemic representation | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Position in alphabet | 4 |
| Numerical value | 4 |
| Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician | |
| Greek | Δ |
| Latin | D |
| Cyrillic | Д |
Dalet (Script error: No such module "lang"., also spelled Daleth or Daled) is the fourth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Template:Translit 𐤃, Hebrew Template:Translit Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.ד, Aramaic Template:Translit 𐡃, Syriac Template:Translit ܕ, and Arabic Template:Translit Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.د (in abjadi order; 8th in modern order). Its sound value is the voiced alveolar plosive (Script error: No such module "IPA".). It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪕, South Arabian Script error: No such module "Lang"., and Ge'ez Script error: No such module "Lang"..
The letter is based on a glyph of the Proto-Sinaitic script, probably called Template:Translit 'door' (door in Modern Hebrew is delet), ultimately based on a hieroglyph depicting a door: <hiero>O31</hiero>
Arabic dāl
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The letter is named Template:Translit (Script error: No such module "Lang".), and is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: (Help) |
Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.د | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.ـد | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.ـد | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.د |
The letter represents a Script error: No such module "IPA". sound.
Phoenician
Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". The Phoenician dālet gave rise to the Greek delta (Δ), Latin D, and the Cyrillic letter Д.
Aramaic
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![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (May 2025) |
Hebrew dalet
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| Orthographic variants | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Various print fonts | Cursive Hebrew |
Rashi script | ||
| Serif | Sans-serif | Monospaced | ||
| ד | ד | ד | File:Hebrew letter Daled handwriting.svg | File:Daled (Rashi-script - Hebrew letter).svg |
Hebrew spelling: Script error: No such module "Lang".
The letter is dalet in the modern Israeli Hebrew pronunciation (see Tav (letter)). Dales is still used by many Ashkenazi Jews and daleth by some Jews of Middle-Eastern background, especially in the Jewish diaspora.[citation needed] In some academic circles, it is called daleth, following the Tiberian Hebrew pronunciation. It is also called daled. The Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.ד like the English D represents a voiced alveolar stop. Just as in English, there may be subtle varieties of the sounds that are created when it is spoken.
Variations
Dalet can receive a dagesh, being one of the six letters that can receive Dagesh Kal (see Gimel). There are minor variations to this letter's pronunciation, such as
- Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.ד Script error: No such module "lang". Script error: No such module "IPA". (Script error: No such module "IPA". among Teimanim, Mizrachim and some Sephardim; Script error: No such module "IPA". among some Ashkenazim.[citation needed]) or
- Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.דּ Script error: No such module "lang". Script error: No such module "IPA"..
In addition, in modern Hebrew, the combination Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.ד׳ (dalet followed by a geresh) is used when transcribing foreign names to denote Script error: No such module "IPA"..
Significance
In gematria, dalet symbolizes the number four.
The letter dalet, along with the He (and very rarely Gimel) is used to represent the Names of God in Judaism. The letter He is used commonly, and the dalet is rarer. A good example is the keter (crown) of a tallit, which has the blessing for donning the tallit, and has the name of God usually represented by a dalet. A reason for this is that He is used as an abbreviation for HaShem "The Name" and the dalet is used as a non-sacred way of referring to God.[citation needed]
Dalet as a prefix in Aramaic (the language of the Talmud) is a preposition meaning "that", or "which", or also "from" or "of"; since many Talmudic terms have found their way into Hebrew, one can hear dalet as a prefix in many phrases (as in Mitzvah Doraitah; a mitzvah from the Torah).[citation needed]
In an undisclosed sample of Modern Hebrew writings the frequency of the usage of dalet was discovered to be is 2.59%.[1]
Syriac daled/dolath
| Daled/Dolath |
|---|
| File:Syriac Eastern dalat.svg Madnḫaya Script error: No such module "lang". |
| File:Syriac Serta dalat.svg Serṭo Script error: No such module "lang". |
| File:Syriac Estrangela dalat.svg Esṭrangela Script error: No such module "lang". |
File:Syriac letter shapes Dalath.PNG
In the Syriac alphabet, the fourth letter is Script error: No such module "Lang". — Script error: No such module "lang". in western pronunciation, Script error: No such module "lang". and Script error: No such module "lang". in eastern pronunciation (Script error: No such module "Lang".). It is one of six letters that represents two associated sounds (the others are bet, gimel, kaph, pe and taw). When daled/dolath has a hard pronunciation (qûššāyâ) it is a Script error: No such module "IPA".. When it has a soft pronunciation (rûkkāḵâ) it is traditionally pronounced as a Script error: No such module "IPA".. The letter is very common in Syriac as it is often attached to the beginning of words as the relative pronoun.
Daled/dolath is always written with a point below it to distinguish it from the letter resh (Script error: No such module "Lang".), which is identical apart from having a point above. As a numeral, dalad/dolath stands for the number four. With various systems of dots and dashes, it can also stand for 4,000 and 40,000.
Other uses
Mathematics
In set theory, the dalet symbol Page Template:Mono/styles.css has no content.U+2138 ℸ Script error: No such module "Unicode data". is sometimes used to reference the fourth transfinite cardinal number.[2][3]
Character encodings
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See also
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Alphabet and Character Frequency: Hebrew (עברית)". Archived from the original on 2023-02-14. Retrieved 2023-02-13.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Letterlike Symbols" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."\[Dalet]". Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
External links
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