Rubus arcticus

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From "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (1917–1926)
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Scientific classification Edit this classification
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Binomial name
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L. 1753
Subspecies[1]
  • R. arcticus subsp. arcticus
  • R. arcticus subsp. acaulis
  • R. arcticus subsp. stellatus
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Synonyms[2]
  • Cylastis arcticus (L.) Raf. ex B.D.Jacks.
  • Rubus arcticus subsp. humilis (Gladkova) Krassovsk.
  • Rubus arcticus var. humilis Gladkova
  • Rubus arcticus var. pentaphylloides Hult.
  • Manteia acaulis (Michx.) Raf.
  • Rubus acaulis Michx.
  • Manteia stellata (Sm.) Raf.
  • Rubus arcticus var. stellatus (Sm.) B.Boivin
  • Rubus stellatus Sm.

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Rubus arcticus, the Arctic bramble[4] or Arctic raspberry,[5][6] Nagoonberry,[7] or nectarberry[8][9] is a species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family, found in Arctic and alpine regions in the Northern Hemisphere. It has been used to create hybrid cultivated raspberries, the so-called nectar raspberries.[9]

Description

Rubus arcticus grows most often in acidic soils rich in organic matter. It is a thornless perennial up to 30 centimetres (12 inches) tall, woody at the base, but very thin higher above the ground. Flowers are in groups of 1–3, the petals pink, red, or magenta. The fruit is deep red or dark purple, consisting of 10 to 30 drupelets.[1][10]

File:Rubus arcticus berry.jpg
Ripe Arctic raspberry

Distribution and habitat

It grows in Alaska,[7] northern Scandinavia and Finland, Russia, Poland, Belarus, Mongolia, northeastern China, North Korea, Estonia, Lithuania, Canada, and the northern United States as far south as Oregon, Colorado, Michigan, and Maine.[11][12][13] It was historically present in Scotland, last seen in 1850.[14]

Uses

The fruits of the Arctic raspberry are considered a delicacy and, among other uses, make jam and liqueur, or flavour tea. Carl von Linné considered the Arctic raspberry – Script error: No such module "Lang". in Swedish[11] – a great delicacy in his Flora Lapponica (1737). The fruit is used in the Mesimarja liqueur, produced since 1882 by the Finnish company Lignell & Piispanen. The liqueur was awarded a gold medal at the 1900 Paris Exposition.[15][16]

In the Pacific Northwest of western Canada and the northwestern US, it is sometimes called the nagoon or nagoonberry, a name derived from the Tlingit Script error: No such module "Lang"..[7] A measure of the quality of its fruit is expressed in its Russian name Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang"., signifying the "berry of princes".[citation needed]

Culture

Arctic raspberry is the provincial plant of the Norrbotten province of northern Sweden.[17][18][19]

See also

References

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  1. ^ a b Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
  2. ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper". Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  3. ^ Template:Cite iucn
  4. ^ Template:BSBI 2007
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lee, Sangtae; Chang, Kae Sun, eds. (2015). English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. p. 611. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Retrieved 7 March 2019 – via Korea Forest Service.
  6. ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
  7. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mount, Emily (August 23, 2020). "Nagoonberry: the superstar of Alaska's wild berries". Alaska. Retrieved June 30, 2024.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kokko, Harri & Kärenlampi, Sirpa (1998), "Transformation of arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus L.) by Agrobacterium tumefaciens", Plant Cell Reports, 17 (10): 822–826, Bibcode:1998PCelR..17..822K, doi:10.1007/s002990050491, PMID 30736600{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.H. Hiirsalmi, and J. Säkö (1976), "The nectar raspberry hybrid Rubus idaeus x Rubus arcticus a new cultivated plant", Annales Agriculturae Fenniae, 15 (2): 168–174, doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.1976.60.20
  10. ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
  11. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Rubus arcticus L. - Åkerbär". Den Virtuella Floran (in Swedish). Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. 1996: description, ecological information, photos.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  12. ^ Template:BONAP
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Rubus arcticus: Nagoon Berry". Central Yukon Species Inventory Project (CYSIP). Friends of Dempster Country; includes photos, description, line drawing, global distribution map.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."PlantAtlas".
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Lignell & Piispanen ja A. J. Kotilainen". PULKKA – Pohjois-Savon muisti (in suomi). Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Mesimarjat ja kuusenkerkät – Lignell & Piispanen valmistaa juomia metsästä lasiin". Biotalous (in suomi). 2022-07-25. Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  17. ^ Template:PFAF
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Berry Crops". Inverness, Scotland: University of the Highlands and Islands. Archived from the original on 2006-08-18.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Karp, K.; Starast, M.; Värnik, R. (1997). "The arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus L.) – the most profitable wild berry in Estonia" (PDF). Baltic Forestry. 2: 47–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-04; in English with summary in Russian.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)

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