Arromanches-les-Bains

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Arromanches-les-Bains (Script error: No such module "IPA".; or simply Arromanches) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

Geography

Arromanches-les-Bains is 12 km north-east of Bayeux and 10 km west of Courseulles-sur-Mer on the coast where the Normandy landings took place on D-Day, 6 June 1944. Access to the commune is by the D514 road from Tracy-sur-Mer in the west passing through the town and continuing to Saint-Côme-de-Fresné in the east. The D87 road also goes from the town south to Ryes. The D65 road goes east to Meuvaines. About a third of the commune is the urban area of the town with the rest farmland.[2]

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History

Arromanches is remembered as a historic place of the Normandy landings and in particular as the place where a Mulberry harbour artificial port was installed. This artificial port allowed the disembarkation of 9,000 tons of materiel per day.[citation needed]

It was on the beach of Arromanches that, during the Invasion of Normandy immediately after D-Day, the Allies established an artificial temporary harbour to allow the unloading of heavy equipment without waiting for the conquest of deep water ports such as Le Havre or Cherbourg. Although at the centre of the Gold Beach landing zone, Arromanches was spared the brunt of the fighting on D-Day so the installation and operation of the port could proceed as quickly as possible without damaging the beach and destroying surrounding lines of communication. The port was commissioned on 14 June 1944.[citation needed]

This location was one of two sites chosen to establish the necessary port facilities to unload quantities of supplies and troops needed for the invasion during June 1944, the other being built further west at Omaha Beach. The British built huge floating concrete caissons which, after being towed from England, then had to be assembled to form walls and piers forming and defining the artificial port called the Mulberry harbour. These comprised pontoons linked to the land by floating roadways. One of these ports was assembled at Arromanches and even today sections of the Mulberry harbour still remain with huge concrete blocks sitting on the sand and more can be seen further out at sea.[citation needed]

Some key figures: by 12 June 1944 more than 300,000 men, 54,000 vehicles, 104,000 tons of supplies had been landed. During 100 days of operation of the port 2.5 million men, 500,000 vehicles, and 4 million tons of materiel were landed. The best performance of the port was in the last week of July 1944: during those seven days the traffic through Arromanches exceeded 136,000 tons or 20,000 tons per day.[citation needed]

Today, Arromanches is mainly a tourist town. Situated in a good location for visiting all of the battle sites and war cemeteries, there is also a museum at Arromanches with information about Operation Overlord and in particular, the Mulberry harbours.[3]

On 21 September 2013 Bradford-based sand sculpting company Sand in Your Eye created a tribute called "The Fallen 9,000". It was a temporary sculpture project—a visual representation of 9,000 people drawn in the sand which equates the number of civilians, German forces and Allies that died during the D-day landings. It coincided with Peace Day, and was washed away with the tide at the end of the day.[4]

Heraldry

Arms of Arromanches-les-Bains
Arms of Arromanches-les-Bains
 Blazon:

Azure, an anchor of Or debruised by a mullet of Argent between two chains of Sable posed in chevron inverted broken, in chief Gules debruised by a leopard of Or armed and tongued Azure.



Administration

File:Ayuntamiento de Arromanches-les-Bains, Normandía.jpg
Town hall.

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List of Successive Mayors[5]

From To Name Party Position
1995 2020 Patrick Jardin Optician
2020 2026 Marcel Bastide

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arromanchais or Arromanchaises in French.[6]

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Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has many buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:

Other sites of interest
  • The Museum of the Landings
  • Arromanches 360 degrees

Religious heritage

The commune has several religious buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:

A Presbytery at 4 avenue de l'Amiral Mountbatten (1836)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[21]

A Monumental Cross at Rue du Calvaire (1901)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[22]

A Cemetery (1857)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[23]

The Parish Church of Saint Peter (19th century)File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[24] The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:

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Notable people linked to the commune

  • Jules Carpentier, French inventor. A main street is named in his honour.[citation needed]
  • François Carpentier, son of Jules Carpentier, French architect and mayor of the commune. He created the Museum of the Landings in Arromanches.[citation needed]
  • Sylvie Joly owned a villa in the commune. Her father was mayor of the commune from 1947 to 1963.[citation needed]
  • The Boisgelin family owned a large part of the commune and still have a large house.[citation needed]

See also

File:Arromanches-mulberry-2.jpg
Panorama

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in français). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^ Google Maps
  3. ^ Arromanches D-Day Museum homepage
  4. ^ The Fallen 9000 info page
  5. ^ List of Mayors of France Template:In lang
  6. ^ Le nom des habitants du 14 - Calvados, habitants.fr
  7. ^ Template:Cassini-Ehess
  8. ^ Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023, INSEE
  9. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121719 House at 11 Rue de l'Abreuvoir IA00121720 House at 2 Rue de la Batterie IA00121720 Villa les Tourelles at 7 Rue de la BatterieFile:Camera aabb.svg IA00121723 Le Norval House at 16-18 Rue Charles Laurent IA00121722 House at 7-9 Rue Charles LaurentFile:Camera aabb.svg IA00121724 Villa Graziella at 25 Rue du Colonel René Michel IA00121725 House at 33 Rue du Colonel René Michel IA00121727 Chalet Maurice at 26 Boulevard Gilbert LonguetFile:Camera aabb.svg IA00121726 Villa les Embruns at 8 Quai du Général Leclerc IA00121728 House at 11 Rue du Maréchal Foch IA00121729 Villa le Manoir at 18 Rue du Maréchal FochIA00121710 Les Trois Chalets at 21-25 Rue du Maréchal Foch IA00121730 Villa d'Arromanches at 28 Rue du Maréchal FochFile:Camera aabb.svg IA00121732 Fisherman's House at 28 Rue du Petit Fontaine IA00121731 House at 8 Rue du Petit Fontaine Template:In lang
  10. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121714 Notre-Dame-des-Flots Monument at Rue du Calvaire Template:In lang
  11. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121733 Grand Hotel Template:In lang
  12. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA14000009 Radar Station Template:In lang
  13. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121736 Château du Petit Fontaine Template:In lang
  14. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121735 Orientation Table Template:In lang
  15. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121734 Artificial Harbour and Winston Churchill Harbour Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  16. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121717 6 June 1944 Museum Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  17. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121716 Lavoir Template:In lang
  18. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121715 Town Hall and Boys' Primary School Template:In lang
  19. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121709 Village Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  20. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121708 Houses and Hotels Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  21. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121718 Presbytery at 4 avenue de l'Amiral Mountbatten Template:In lang
  22. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121712 Monumental Cross at Rue du Calvaire Template:In lang
  23. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121713 Cemetery Template:In lang
  24. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00121711 Parish Church of Saint Peter Template:In lang
  25. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14005208 Samaritan at the well and Nazareth Workshop IM14005201 Virgin at Prayer and Saint Joseph IM14001180 Prayers and offerings by Sailors to the VirginTemplate:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  26. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001199 Ciborium for the sick IM14001198 Ciborium (1) IM14001197 Ciborium (2)Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  27. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001196 Paten Template:In lang
  28. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001195 Monstrance Template:In lang
  29. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001194 Chalice Template:In lang
  30. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001193 Box for Oil for the sick Template:In lang
  31. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001192 Ex-voto Painting: Fishermen in danger Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  32. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001191 Painting: Saint Peter Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  33. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001190 Painting: Saint Paul Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  34. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001189 Cross: Christ on the Cross Template:In lang
  35. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001188 Table Template:In lang
  36. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001187 34 Pews Template:In lang
  37. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001186 Choir bench and wood panelling Template:In lang
  38. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001185 Pulpit Template:In lang
  39. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001184 Baptismal font Template:In lang
  40. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001183 Altar, Tabernacle, and Retable Template:In lang
  41. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001182 Altar Template:In lang
  42. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001181 Altar (1) Template:In lang
  43. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM14001179 Furmniture in the Church Template:In lang

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