Lowland copperhead
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| lowland copperhead, Mullawallah Wetland | |
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| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
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| Binomial name | |
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Hoplocephalus superbus Günther, 1858 | |
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The lowland copperhead or lowlands copperhead (Austrelaps superbus) is a venomous snake species in the family Elapidae, found in southeastern Australia, including Tasmania. It is commonly referred to as the copperhead, but is not closely related to the American copperhead, Agkistrodon contortrix. If provoked, the lowland copperhead is a dangerous snake with neurotoxic venom, which can kill an adult human if correct first aid is not applied promptly.[3][4]
Description
The lowland copperhead is generally 1-1.5 m (3–5 feet) long.[5] Their colour varies a great deal, from a coppery mid-brown to yellowish, reddish, grey or black. The copper head colouring that gave rise to the common name is not always present. Its venom has been measured at 0.5 mg/kg subcutaneous.[<span title="Script error: No such module "decodeEncode".">clarification needed]
Distribution and habitat
It is found in southeastern Australia, including Tasmania. A. superbus has a preference for areas of low vegetation near water bodies where it hunts for frogs, lizards and snakes, including smaller specimens of its own species.[5] It has been found in sandstone ridgetop woodland in the Blue Mountains, west of Sydney, where it is becoming rare, due to increasing fires and the spread of urban settlements.[6]
Venom
The venom of lowland copperhead contains postsynaptic neurotoxins. There have been a dozen reported bites from this species, with one fatality.[7]
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Australian Biological Resources Study (22 August 2013). "Species Austrelaps superbus (Günther, 1858)". Australian Faunal Directory. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australian Government. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Michael, D.; Clemann, N.; Robertson, P. (2018). "Austrelaps superbus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017. e.T102704097A102704137. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T102704097A102704137.en.
- ^ TPWS: Wildlife of Tasmania – Lowland Copperhead. Parks.tas.gov.au (2008-07-11). Retrieved on 2013-01-03.
- ^ Cogger, H.G. (1979). Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia. Reed: Sydney. Template:ISBN
- ^ a b Parks & Wildlife Service – Lowland copperhead, Austrelaps superbus Script error: No such module "webarchive".. Parks.tas.gov.au (2008-07-11). Retrieved on 2013-01-03.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hawkeswood, T.J.; Turner, J.R. (2008). "A record of Austrelaps superbus (Günther, 1858)(Reptilia: Elapidae) from Leura, Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia with a description of its habitat" (PDF). Calodema: Supplementary Paper No. 90. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2020-09-02.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.O'Shea, Mark (2005). Venomous Snakes of the World. New Holland Publishers Ltd. p. 120. ISBN 9781847730862.
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