List of samuhanayok

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The samuhanayok (Template:Langx) was one of the two chief ministers in the historical Chatusadom government system of Siam (now Thailand), originally charged with civil affairs but later overseeing both civil and military affairs in northern cities. During the Ayutthaya and Thonburi periods, the official who held the post usually took the noble title of Chakri (Template:Langx, RTGS: Script error: No such module "lang".).[1] The term, from Sanskrit चक्री cakrī, literally meant "one who has a discus", referring to the Hindu god Vishnu who possesses the discus Sudarshana).

The last office-holder to be known by the title Chakri was Thongduang, who established the Rattanakosin Kingdom and became King Rama I in 1782. His dynasty, which includes the current Thai royal family, is known as the Chakri Dynasty after his former title. Later office-holders of Rattanakosin were granted individualized titles.[1]

List of samuhanayok

No. Portrait Title and name Term of office Monarch Notes
Okya Chakri
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1550s ~ Maha Chakkraphat
Phraya Chakri c. 1560s Mahinthrathirat Became a spy for King Bayinnaung of Burma, leading to the first fall of Ayutthaya in 1569.
3 reigns later
File:Sheikh Ahmad seal.svg Chaophraya Bowonratchanayok (Sheikh Ahmad)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1600s ~ Borommaracha I (Songtham)
2 reigns later
Chaophraya Aphairacha (Chuen) [th]
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1600s–1685 Sanphet V (Prasat Thong)
Sanphet VI (Chai)
Sanphet VII (Si Suthammaracha)
Ramathibodi III (Narai)
File:Constantin Phaulkon.jpg Phraya Wichaiyen (Constantine Phaulkon)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1685–1688 Ramathibodi III (Narai)
Chaophraya Chamnanphakdi (Sombun) [th]
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1688–1703 Ramathibodi III (Narai)
Phetracha
Chaophraya Chakri (Khrut) [th]
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1705s ~ Phetracha
Sanphet VIII (Suriyenthrathibodi)
Chaophraya Chakri (Khunnen)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		–1726 Sanphet IX (Thai Sa) Died after sentenced to a hundred lashes by the Uparaja (the King's brother) for a minor transgression[2]
Phraya Ratchasongkhram (Pan)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1720s ~ Sanphet IX (Thai Sa)
Chaophraya Phetphichai (Chai)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1730s ~ Maha Thammarachathirat II (Borommakot)
Chaophraya Aphaimontri
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1740s ~ [1]
Chaophraya Ratchaphakdi (Sawang)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1750s ~
Phraya Aphairacha
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		c. 1750s–c. 1770s Maha Thammarachathirat III (Uthumphon)
Borommaracha III (Ekkathat)
Fall of Ayutthaya
1 Chaophraya Chakri (Mud)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1767–1774 Taksin (Sanphet X) Usually referred as Chaophraya Chakri Khaek (the 'Muslim Chaophraya Chakri'); he was a descendant of Suleiman, the sultan of Songkhla.
2 File:King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke.jpg Chaophraya Chakri (Thongduang)
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1770[citation needed]–1782 Also known by the title Somdet Chaophraya Mahakasatsuek (though sources are conflicting).[1] Later seized the throne, establishing Rattanakosin and becoming King Rama I.
Fall of Thonburi
1 Chaophraya Rattanaphiphit [th] (Son [Sandhiratna])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1782–1805 Rama I [1]
2 Chaophraya Rattanathibet [th] (Kun [Ratnakula])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1809–1813[citation needed] Rama II [1]
3 Chaophraya Aphaiphuthon (Noi [Punyaratabandhu])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1813[citation needed]–1827 Rama II [1]
Rama III
4 File:Chao Phraya Bodindradeja (Sing Sinhaseni).jpg Chaophraya Bodindecha (Sing [Sinhaseni])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1829–1849 Rama III Spent most of his term leading war campaigns, and was deputized by Phraya Sisahathep (Thongpheng)[1]
5 File:เจ้าพระยานิกรบดินทร์ (โต กัลยาณมิตร).png Chaophraya Nikonbodon [th] (To [Kalyanamitra])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1851–1863 Rama III [1]
Mongkut (Rama IV)
6 File:เจ้าพระยาภูธราภัย (นุช บุยรัตพันธุ์).jpg Chaophraya Phutharaphai [th] (Nut [Punyaratabandhu])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1863–1878 Mongkut (Rama IV) [1]
Chulalongkorn (Rama V)
7 File:Brother of the 1st king, Siam, (Thailand) Wellcome L0055544.jpg Prince Mahamala, Krom Somdet Phra Bamrapporapak [th]
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1878–1886 Chulalongkorn (Rama V) [1]
8 File:เจ้าพระยารัตนบดินทร์ (รอด กัลยาณมิตร).jpg Chaophraya Rattanabodin [th] (Rot [Kalyanamitra])
Script error: No such module "Lang". 		1886–1892 Chulalongkorn (Rama V) Some sources give his name as Bunrot (Script error: No such module "Lang".)[1]
Position Abolished

See also

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.S. Plainoi (2016). ขุนนางสยาม : ประวัติศาสตร์ "ข้าราชการ" ทหารและพลเรือน [Khunnāng Sayām : prawattisāt "khārātchakān" thahān læ phonrư̄an] (in ไทย) (3rd printing ed.). Bangkok: Matichon. ISBN 9789740214861.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.ประยุทธ สิทธิพันธ์ (2008) [1963]. "เจ้าพระยาจักรี (ขุนเณร)". ศาลไทยในอดีต (in ไทย). สร้างสรรค์บุ๊คส์. Retrieved 29 May 2025 – via Vajirayana Digital Library.
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