Chouf District
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Chouf District
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District | |
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| Country | File:Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon |
| Governorate | Mount Lebanon Governorate |
| Capital | Beiteddine |
| Area | |
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| Population | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population | |
• Estimate (31 December 2017) | Template:Fix comma category |
| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
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Chouf (also spelled Shouf, Shuf or Chuf; Template:Langx) is a historic region of Lebanon, as well as an administrative district in the governorate (muhafazat) of Mount Lebanon.
Geography
Located south-east of Beirut, the region comprises a narrow coastal strip notable for the Christian town of Damour, and the valleys and mountains of the western slopes of Jabal Barouk, the name of the local Mount Lebanon massif, on which the largest forest of Cedars of Lebanon is found. The mountains are high enough to receive snow.
History
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The Emirs of Mount Lebanon resided in Chouf, most notably Druze Emir Fakhr al-Din II, who attained considerable power and autonomy from the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century. He is often referred to as the founder of modern Lebanon although his area of influence and control included parts of Palestine and Syria. Another emir is Bachir Chehab II, who built the palace of Beiteddine during the first half of the 19th century. Deir al Qamar (the monastery of the Moon) is also in the Chouf region.
The relationship between the Druze and Christians in Chouf was characterized by peaceful coexistence.[2] In the early eighteenth century, the communities lived side by side in relative harmony.[3]
However, in 1848, 1860, and again in 1983-1984, during the Lebanese Civil War (Mountain War, Arabic: Harb el-Jabal), fighting broke out between the Christian and Druze communities in the Chouf.
At the end of January 1989, Druze leader Walid Jumblatt, who lived at the Jumblatt palace in the town of Moukhtara, came up with a plan to help Christians return to their homes after an estimated 300,000 had fled during the fighting. The initiative was supported by Dany Chamoun. In March the plan was shelved following General Michel Aoun’s blockade of the Druze port at Jieh, his shelling of Souq El Gharb and the assassination of one of Jumblatt’s top aides.[4][5] Reconciliation between the Druze and Christian communities was achieved on August 8, 2001, when the Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, Cardinal Mar Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir made a historic visit to the Chouf and met with Jumblatt.
In 1989, Israel carried out air-strikes on the Chouf a few yards from a school. Two militants were killed and several schoolchildren were wounded in the attack.[6]
Demographics
According to voter registration in 2014:
Number of registered voters (21+ years old) over the years.
| Years | Women | Men | Total | Growth (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 94,110 | 87,839 | 181,949 | Template:Screen reader-only |
| 2010 | 94,481 Increase | 88,610 Increase | 183,091 Increase | +0.62% Increase |
| 2011 | 94,622 Increase | 89,379 Increase | 184,001 Increase | +0.49% Decrease |
| 2012 | 95,315 Increase | 90,324 Increase | 185,639 Increase | +0.88% Increase |
| 2013 | 97,239 Increase | 91,900 Increase | 189,139 Increase | +1.85% Increase |
| 2014 | 98,423 Increase | 93,378 Increase | 191,801 Increase | +1.39% Decrease |
| 2015 | 99,616 Increase | 94,604 Increase | 194,220 Increase | +1.25% Decrease |
| 2016 | 100,701 Increase | 96,191 Increase | 196,892 Increase | +1.36% Increase |
| 2017 | 102,076 Increase | 97,489 Increase | 199,565 Increase | +1.34% Decrease |
| 2018 | 103,649 Increase | 98,839 Increase | 202,488 Increase | +1.44% Increase |
| 2019 | 105,002 Increase | 99,993 Increase | 204,995 Increase | +1.22% Decrease |
| 2020 | 106,383 Increase | 101,181 Increase | 207,564 Increase | +1.24% Increase |
| 2021 | 107,530 Increase | 102,117 Increase | 209,647 Increase | +0.99% Decrease |
| 2022 | 109,006 Increase | 103,506 Increase | 212,512 Increase | +1.35% Increase |
| 2023 | 109,951 Increase | 104,125 Increase | 214,076 Increase | +0.73% Decrease |
| 2024 | 110,944 Increase | 105,141 Increase | 216,085 Increase | +0.93% Increase |
| 2025 | 111,950 Increase | 106,154 Increase | 218,104 Increase | +0.93% Steady |
| 2026 | Template:Screen reader-only | Template:Screen reader-only | 220,478 Increase | +1.08% Increase |
| Source: DGCS [1] | ||||
See also
- Iqlim al-Kharrub, historical region located in the Chouf District
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Panagakos, Anastasia (2015). Religious Diversity Today: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World [3 volumes]: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World. ABC-CLIO. p. 99. ISBN 9781440833328.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hazran, Yusri (2013). The Druze Community and the Lebanese State: Between Confrontation and Reconciliation. Routledge. p. 32. ISBN 9781317931737.
the Druze had been able to live in harmony with the Christian
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Deeb, Marius (2013). Syria, Iran, and Hezbollah: The Unholy Alliance and Its War on Lebanon. Hoover Press. ISBN 9780817916664.
the Maronites and the Druze, who founded Lebanon in the early eighteenth century.
- ^ Middle East International No 343, 3 February 1989, Publishers Lord Mayhew, Dennis Walters MP; Jim Muir pp.3,4
- ^ Middle East International No 346, 17 March 1989, Publishers Lord Mayhew, Dennis Walters MP; Jim Muir pp.6,7
- ^ jets hit Beirut schoolyard
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."التوزيع حسب المذاهب للناخبين/ناخبات في قضاء الشوف، محافظة جبل لبنان في لبنان".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Critical study in proportional election law". Lebanonfiles.com (in Arabic). 2018. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Mapping Lebanon: Data and statistics". today.lorientlejour.com (in English). 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-05.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Statify Lebanon". statisticslebanon.lb (in English). 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-05.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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