List of cryptids

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"Cryptid" redirects here. Not to be confused with Cryptic or Cryptozoa. For the 2022 film, Cryptid (film).

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Cryptids are animals or other beings whose present existence is disputed or unsubstantiated by science. Cryptozoology, the study of cryptids, is a pseudoscience claiming that such beings may exist somewhere in the wild; it has been widely critiqued by scientists.[1][2][3][4] The subculture is regularly criticized for reliance on anecdotal information[5] and because in the course of investigating animals that most scientists believe are unlikely to have existed, cryptozoologists do not follow the scientific method.[6] Many scientists have criticized the plausibility of cryptids due to lack of physical evidence,[7] likely misidentifications[8] and misinterpretation of stories from folklore.[9] While biologists regularly identify new species following established scientific methodology, cryptozoologists focus on entities mentioned in the folklore record and rumor.

List

Aquatic or semi-aquatic

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Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Script error: No such module "sort".[10] Hairy Eel Pond animal Pamital ravine, Canary Islands
Beast of Busco[11] Oscar[12] Giant snapping turtle Churubusco, Indiana, United States
Bunyip[13] Bahnyip Amphibious creature Australia File:Bunyip 1890.jpg
Script error: No such module "sort".Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Caddy Sea animal Pacific Coast of North America File:Cadborosaurus October 1937.jpg
Champ[14] Champy Lake monster Lake Champlain, North America File:Artistic representation of Sandra Mansi's 1977 photograph of "Champ" lake monster.jpg
Cryptid whales[15][16] Giglioli's Whale, Rhinoceros dolphin, High-finned sperm whale, Alula whale, Unidentified beaked whales Sea animal Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean File:Amphiptera pacifica.jpg
Dobhar-chú[17] Water Hound, King Otter Extra-large otter-like carnivorous aquatic mammal Ireland File:Dobhar-chu encounter.jpg
Gloucester sea serpent[18] Large serpent Gloucester, Massachusetts

(Cape Ann), United States

File:1817 Gloucester sea serpent.jpg
Iemisch[19] Iemisch Listai Mix of a jaguar and otter Patagonian region of Argentina
Igopogo[20] Kempenfelt Kelly Lake monster Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada
Labynkyr Devil[21][22][23] Labynkyrsky Chert[citation needed] Lake monster Oymyakonsky Ulus, Sakha Republic, Russia
Loch Ness Monster[24] Nessie Lake monster Loch Ness, Scotland Sculpture of the Loch Ness monster as a plesiosaurus
Loveland Frog[25] Loveland frogman, Loveland lizard Humanoid frog Loveland, Ohio, United States File:Loveland frog.png
Manipogo[26] Winnipogo Lake monster Lake Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
Mbielu-mbielu-mbielu[27] Stegosaurid dinosaur (lake, river and/or swamp monster) Democratic Republic of the Congo File:Mbielu-mbielu-mbielu.png
Megalodon (surviving populations)[28][29][30] Otodus megalodon[a] Giant prehistoric shark Oceans File:O. megalodon reconstruction 2025.png
Mermaid[31] Siren[32] Top half human female and bottom half fish Oceans, various bodies of water File:John William Waterhouse A Mermaid.jpg
Mokele-mbembeLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Dinosaur (lake, river and/or swamp monster) Democratic Republic of the Congo File:Mokele-mbembe ill artlibre jnl.png
Montauk Monster[33][34] Small bald beaked mammal Montauk, New York, United States
Morgawr[35] Sea serpent Falmouth Bay, Cornwall, United Kingdom
Ogopogo[14] N'ha•a•itk, Naitaka Lake monster Okanagan Lake, British Columbia, Canada File:OgoPogo crop.jpg
Sea serpentsLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Sea animals, dinosaurs All bodies of water File:Soe Orm 1555.jpg
Shrimpy[36][37] Giant Shrimp in the Laundry Room, Bremerton Giant Shrimp 5-foot tall Shrimp Basement in Bremerton, Washington
Selma[38] Seljordsormen Lake monster Lake Seljord, Telemark, Norway File:Seljord komm.svg
Steller's sea ape[39] Sea animal Northern Pacific Ocean File:Animal drawings collected by Felix Platter, p1 - (31).jpg
Storsjö monster[40] Lake monster Lake Storsjön, Jämtland, Sweden File:Draak Östersund 22jul2006.jpg

Terrestrial

Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
British big cats[41] Alien big cats (ABCs), phantom cats, mystery cats, English lions,
Beast of Bodmin, Beast of Exmoor 		Non-native, wild big cats Great Britain File:Felicity Inverness Museum.JPG
Chupacabra[42] Chupacabras (Spanish for goat-sucker) Highly variable – typically falling into two categories: 1) bipedal humanoid with spiked spines (original description); 2) a quadrupedal canid[43] Puerto Rico (originally),
South and Central America,
Southern North America 		File:Chupacabra (artist's rendition).jpg
Dover Demon[44] Approximately four-foot tall humanoid creature with glowing eyes Dover, Massachusetts, United States File:Dover Demon.png
Fresno nightcrawler[45] Resembling a pair of white trousers, this creature reportedly has long, white legs immediately topped by a rounded head.[46] Fresno, California, United States
Grafton monster A tall, pale headless figure who produces strange whistling noises.[47] Grafton, West Virginia
Goatman[48][49][50] Pope Lick Monster; Lake Worth monster; Satyr; Faun Humanoid creature with the torso and head of a man (with horns sprouting from the head) and the legs of a goat Prince George's County, Maryland; Louisville, Kentucky; Lake Worth, Texas
Katanga Snake[51] Greenish-Brown 50-foot long snake with a horse-like head [52] Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Lizard Man of Scape Ore Swamp[53] Lizard Man of Lee County Bipedal, humanoid reptilian creature Lee County, South Carolina, United States
Michigan Dogman[54] Humanoid dog Wexford County, Michigan, United States
Moa (surviving original populations)[55][b] Dinornis robustus (South Island giant moa), Dinornis novaezelandiae (North Island giant moa), Anomalopteryx didiformis (Bush moa, little bush moa, or lesser moa) Medium to large flightless birds New Zealand File:Moa mock hunt.jpg
Mongolian death worm[56] Allghoi (or orghoi) khorkhoi Worm-like animal Gobi Desert (Asia) File:Allghoikhorkhoi.jpg
Nandi bear[57] Chemosit, Kerit, Koddoelo, Ngoelo, Ngoloko, Duba Large, powerfully built carnivore Eastern Africa File:Nandi bear 1961 (cropped).png
Phantom kangaroo[58][59] Kangaroos which appear outside of their normal range of Australia and New Guinea. Chicago, Illinois

Japan United Kingdom Sweden

Queensland Tiger[60] Yarri Large feline Queensland, Australia
Thylacine (surviving original populations)[61][62][c] Tasmanian tiger, Tasmanian wolf, Thylacinus cynocephalus Carnivorous marsupial Australia,

Papua New Guinea

File:"Benjamin".jpg

Hominid

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Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Almas[14] Abnauayu, almasty, albasty, bekk-bok,
biabin-guli, golub-yavan, gul-biavan, auli-avan,
kaptar, kra-dhun, ksy-giik, ksy-gyik, ochokochi,
mirygdy, mulen, voita, wind-man, Zana 		Non-human ape or hominid Asia/Caucasus
Amomongo[63] Orang Mawas, Impakta Ape or hominid Negros Occidental, Philippines
BigfootLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Sasquatch Large and hairy ape-like creature United States and Canada File:Patterson Gimlin Bigfoot (cropped).jpg
Bukit Timah Monkey Man[64] BTM, BTMM Forest-dwelling hominid or other primate Singapore
Chatawa Monster[65][66] Large ape-like creature Pike County, Mississippi, United States
Chuchunya[67] Large hominid Russia
Fouke Monster[68][69] Jonesville Monster, Southern Sasquatch, Boggy Creek Monster Hominid or other primate Arkansas, United States
Honey Island Swamp monster[70] Letiche, Tainted Keitre Hominid or other primate Louisiana, United States
Kandahar Giant[71] 13-foot tall, red-headed hominid with six fingers on each hand and two rows of teeth Kandahar, Afghanistan
Mapinguari[72] Mapinguary Man-eating hominid with a mouth on its abdomen; sometimes thought to be a ground sloth Brazil File:MAPINGUARI (cropped).png
Nittaewo[73] Nittevo Small hominid Sri Lanka
Orang Pendek[74] Small hominid Sumatra, Indonesia File:Orang Pendek.png
Skunk ape[75] Stink Ape, Myakka Ape, Myakka Skunk Ape Primate Florida, United States File:The Florida Skunk Ape - panoramio.jpg
Yeren[76][75] Yiren, Yeh Ren, Chinese Wildman[citation needed] Primate (possible hominin) China
YetiLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Abominable Snowman Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions Himalayas (Asia)
Yowie[73] Large and hairy human-like entity, various other descriptions Australia File:Yowie-statue-Kilcoy-Queensland.JPG

Flying

Name Other names Description Purported location Depiction
Flatwoods monster[77] Braxie, Braxton County Monster, Phantom of Flatwoods A floating creature with a head that looks like a spade[78] Flatwoods, West Virginia File:Flatwoods monster.png
Jersey Devil[24] Leeds Devil Winged, bipedal horse United States, mainly the South Jersey Pine Barrens, as well as other parts of New Jersey and southeastern Pennsylvania File:Jersey Devil Philadelphia Post 1909.jpg
Kongamato[79] Living species of pterosaur Mwinilunga, Zambia;

Angola; The Democratic Republic of the Congo

File:Kongamato.png
Mothman[77][80] Winged bipedal Mason County, West Virginia, United States File:Mothman Artist's Impression.png

See also

Notes

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  1. ^ Otodus is the currently accepted genus name for megalodon. Older sources refer to the genus as Carcharodon, Carcharocles, and several other names.
  2. ^ There is an ongoing de-extinction project to revive the bush moa through genome editing,[citation needed] this entry refers to the possibility of surviving original populations
  3. ^ There is an ongoing project to revive the species through genome editing, this entry refers to the unconfirmed sightings and reports of surviving original populations

References

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  1. ^ Mullis (2021: 185): "Eschewing the rigors of science, cryptozoologists publish for a popular audience rather than for experts resulting in the practice itself frequently being derided as a pseudoscience."
  2. ^ Loxton & Prothero (2013: 332): "Whatever the romantic appeal of monster mysteries, cryptozoology as it exists today is unquestionably a pseudoscience." Loxton & Prothero (2013: 320): "Cryptozoology has a reputation of being part of a general pseudoscientific fringe—just one more facet of paranormal belief." (Both quotes from Donald Prothero)
  3. ^ Church (2009: 251–252): "Cryptozoology has acquired a bad reputation as a pseudoscience [...] Until detailed, methodical research becomes standard practice among cryptozoologists, the field will remain disrespected by more traditional biologists and zoologists."
  4. ^ Roesch & Moore (2002: 71–78): "Pointing to this rampant speculation and ignorance of established scientific theories in cryptozoology, as well as the field's poor record of success and its reliance on unsystematic, anecdotal evidence, many scientists and skeptics classify cryptozoology as a pseudoscience."
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Sources

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Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Cryptids

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