Southern soul

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(Redirected from Deep soul)

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Southern soul
Stylistic originsPage Template:Hlist/styles.css has no content.
Cultural originsLate 1950s, Southern United States
Derivative formsPage Template:Hlist/styles.css has no content.
Other topics
A person singing
Ad of Otis Redding's single "Fa-Fa-Fa-Fa-Fa (Sad Song)"

Southern soul or country soul is a type of soul and country music that emerged from the Southern United States. The music originated from a combination of styles, including blues (both 12 bar and jump), country, early R&B, and a strong gospel influence that emanated from the sounds of Southern black churches. Bass guitar, drums, horn section, organ, and gospel roots vocal are important to soul groove. This rhythmic force made it a strong influence in the rise of funk music. The terms "deep soul", "country soul",[1] "downhome soul" and "hard soul" have been used synonymously with "Southern soul".[2]p. 18

History

1960s–1980s

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Sidebar/configuration' not found. Some soul musicians were from southern states: these included Georgia natives Otis Redding[3] and James Brown, Rufus Thomas and Bobby "Blue" Bland[4] (from Tennessee), Eddie Floyd (from Alabama), Johnnie Taylor, Al Green (from Arkansas).[5]

Southern soul was at its peak through the 1960s, when Memphis soul and the Muscle Shoals sound were popular. In 1963, Stan Lewis founded Jewel Records in Shreveport, Louisiana, along with two subsidiary labels, Paula and Ronn.[6] Lewis signed soul and blues artists such as Toissaint McCall, Bobby Rush, John Lee Hooker, Charles Brown, Buster Benton, Lightnin’ Hopkins, Ted Taylor and Little Johnny Taylor.[7] In 1966, the Shreveport-based Murco Records released "Losin' Boy" by Eddy Giles, which held a place on Cashbox magazine's Hot 100 for five weeks. Murco Records had soul chart success with its other artist included Reuben Bell.[8]

Other significant contributors were Stax Records[9] with their house band Booker T. & the MGs as well as New York based Label Atlantic Records. Atlantic was Ray Charles's home, and became an early exporter of the "Muscle Shoals Sound" by distributing Percy Sledge's "When a Man Loves a Woman", recorded at Rick Hall's FAME Studios.[10] FAME becoming the studio of choice for new and experienced artists alike. Establishing the city of Muscle Shoals, Alabama as a major part of Southern soul. Aretha Franklin credits FAME as the place her career turned around, and Etta James recorded hit album "Tell Mama" there.[11]

The Stax label's most successful artist of the 1960s, Otis Redding, was influenced by fellow Georgia native Little Richard and the more cosmopolitan sounds of Mississippi-born Sam Cooke.[12] Other Stax artists of note included Johnnie Taylor, Soul Children, the Dramatics (from Detroit), Eddie Floyd, the Staple Singers, Carla Thomas, and Isaac Hayes.[13] Atlantic Records artists Sam & Dave's records were released on the Stax label and featured the MGs. Wilson Pickett launched his solo career through his collaboration with the Stax team, and Pickett gained big hit "Land of a Thousand Dances" with FAME Studios musicians in Muscle Shoals, Alabama.[14]

After Sam & Dave moved from Stax to Atlantic Records,[15] Stax producer David Porter and his songwriting and production partner Isaac Hayes decided to put together a new vocal group of two men and two women. They recruited J. Blackfoot, together with Norman West, Anita Louis, and Shelbra Bennett, to form the Soul Children. Between 1968 and 1978, the Soul Children had 15 hits on the R&B chart, including three that crossed over to the Billboard Hot 100, and recorded seven albums.[16][17]

Another Memphis 1960s label Goldwax Records, featured James Carr, Spencer Wiggins, and the Ovations.[18] Al Green, Otis Clay, O.V. Wright, Don Bryant, Ann Peebles and Quiet Elegance recorded for Memphis's 70s label Hi Records, where they were produced by Willie Mitchell.[19]

Rick Hall was a R&B producer of "Muscle Shoals Sound", originating from Muscle Shoals, Alabama.[20] The Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section played on hits by many Stax artists during the late 1960s through the mid-1970s, and Atlantic Records artists Wilson Pickett, Percy Sledge, Joe Tex and Aretha Franklin.[21] Producer and session guitarist Chips Moman produced Bobby Womack and Womack wrote R&B song "I'm in Love" for Wilson Pickett.[22] Bobby Womack gained R&B hit "If You Think You're Lonely Now" in 1981.[23]

Malaco Records introduced Dorothy Moore, Bobby Bland, Johnnie Taylor, Denise Lasalle, Little Milton and others.[24] In 1983, former Soul Children singer J. Blackfoot saw success on soul chart with his single "Taxi".[25] In 1987, Marvin Sease gained an R&B hit with "Candy Licker".[26]

1990s–present

After 1990, Southern soul music was still recorded and performed by singers such as Sharon Jones,[27] Charles Bradley,[28] Peggy Scott-Adams, Trudy Lynn,[29] Roy C, Sir Charles Jones, Barbara Carr, Willie Clayton, Bobby Rush,[30] Denise LaSalle, Gwen McCrae, Johnnie Taylor,[31] Omar Cunningham,[32] and William Bell.[33]

In 2025, the Southern soul music "Boots on the Ground" song by 803 Fresh became a viral sensation.[34]

See also

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Felix, Stanford (2010). The complete idiot's guide music dictionary. New York: Alpha. ISBN 9781101198094. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pruter, Robert (1992). Chicago Soul. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252062599. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Otis Redding Biography". Otisredding.com. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Bobby 'Blue' Bland". Livinblues.com. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
  5. ^ Al Green Bio biography.com Retrieved 23 November 2024
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Jewel/Paula/Ronn Story". Bsnpubs.com. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Little Johnny Taylor Bio on Soul Blues Music". Soulbluesmusic.com. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Reuben Bell". Soulfulkindamusic.net. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Label Spotlight: STAX – End of All Music". Theendofallmusic.com.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Breihan, Tom. "The Number Ones: Percy Sledge's "When A Man Loves A Woman"". Stereogum. Retrieved May 17, 2025.
  11. ^ Tell Mama, AllMusic, Retrieved 23 November 2024
  12. ^ Otis Redding Todayingeorgiahistory.org Retrieved 17 May 2025
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."History - Stax Records". Staxrecords.com. March 25, 2019. Retrieved January 12, 2026.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.White, Adam; Fred Bronson (1993). The Billboard Book Of Number One Rhythm & Blues Hits. New York: Billboard Books. p. 22. ISBN 0-8230-8285-7.
  15. ^ Seth Sutel; Alex Veiga (March 2, 2004). "Warner Music Slashes Jobs, Ousts Bigwigs". The Washington Post
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Deep Soul Column - J. Blackfoot interview". Soulexpress.net. November 20, 1946. Retrieved February 5, 2014.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Soul Children - Story and Interview". Soulexpress.net. Retrieved February 5, 2014.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Goldwax Album Discography". Bsnpubs.com. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  19. ^ Hi Records, AllMusic, Retrieved 31 August 2024
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Biography". Alabama Music Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 12, 2026.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Swampers guitarist talks classic Aretha Franklin sessions". AL.com Alabama Media Group. August 17, 2018. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
  22. ^ I'm in Love, AllMusic, Retrieved 25 November 2024
  23. ^ Bobby Womack, AllMusic, Retrieved 11 November 2024
  24. ^ Malaco Records Msbluestrail.org Retrieved 29 August 2024
  25. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Soul Children - Story and Interview". Soulexpress.net. Retrieved October 21, 2021.
  26. ^ Marvin Sease, AllMusic, Retrieved 26 November 2024
  27. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Soul music great Sharon Jones dies at age 60". Soultracks.com. November 18, 2016.
  28. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Charles Bradley Bio". Thecharlesbradley.com. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  29. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Trudy Lynn Discography". Trudylynn.com. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  30. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Encyclopedia of Arkansas". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  31. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Johnnie Taylor | Discography". AllMusic. Retrieved October 19, 2021.
  32. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Crenshaw Jr., Salomon (May 5, 2016). "Omar Cunningham: Recording music is just one of many talents for this Alabama native". Alabama News Center. Archived from the original on February 13, 2019.
  33. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."William Bell". Arts.gov. August 7, 2020. Retrieved June 19, 2024.
  34. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cornwell, Cassie (May 23, 2025). "South Carolina local going viral with song 'Boots on the Ground'". Post and Courier. Retrieved May 24, 2025.

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