Deoxy sugar
| File:Ribofuranose-2D-skeletal.png File:Deoxyribose.svg |
| Comparison of the chemical structures of ribose (top) and deoxyribose (bottom). |
Deoxy sugars are sugars that have had a hydroxyl group replaced with a hydrogen atom.[1]
Examples include:
- Deoxyribose, or 2-deoxy-D-ribose, a constituent of DNA
- Fucose, or 6-deoxy-L-galactose, main component of fucoidan of brown algae, and present in N-linked glycans
- Fuculose, or 6-deoxy-L-tagatose, one of the important components of avian influenza virus particles
- Rhamnose, or 6-deoxy-L-mannose, present in plant glycosides
In Escherichia coli bacteria, deoxyribose sugars are synthesized via two different pathways - one pathway involves aldol condensation, whereas the other pathway is conversion of a ribose sugar into a deoxyribose sugar by means of changes on the nucleotide or nucleoside level. Deoxyribose is synthesized through the reduction of ribose. Deoxyribose is derived from the same precursor as ribose being that the reduction of the sugar with the extra hydroxyl group results in the deoxy-sugar, which has its hydroxyl group replaced with a hydrogen atom.[2]
Dideoxy sugars
Some biologically important dideoxy sugars, sugars that have had two hydroxyl groups replaced with hydrogen atoms, include colitose, abequose, tyvelose, and paratose. These may be found in bacterial lipopolysaccharides[3]
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(3,6-Dideoxy-L-xylo-hexose)
(3,6-Dideoxy-D-xylo-hexose)
See also
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lichtenthaler, Frieder W. (2010). "Carbohydrates: Occurrence, Structures and Chemistry". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a05_079.pub2. ISBN 978-3-527-30385-4.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sable, Henry Z.; Wright, Elmer M.; Bagatell, Fillmore K. (1959-06-01). "Biosynthesis of Ribose and Deoxyribose in Escherichia coli". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 234 (6): 1369–1374. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)70013-6. ISSN 1083-351X. PMID 13654380.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.McGraw-Hill encyclopedia of science & technology. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 2012. p. 550. ISBN 978-0-07-179273-8.
External links
- Deoxy+Sugars at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview at qmul.ac.uk
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