Trimethadione

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Trimethadione
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Clinical data
Trade namesTridione
AHFS/Drugs.comMicromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy
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  • X
Routes of
administration		By mouth
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Legal status
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  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityHigh
MetabolismDemethylated to dimethadione
Elimination half-life12–24 hours (trimethadione)
6–13 days (dimethadione)
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
  • 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione
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Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H9NO3
Molar mass143.142 g·mol−1
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Trimethadione (Tridione) is an oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant. It is most commonly used to treat epileptic conditions that are resistant to other treatments.

It is primarily effective in treating absence seizures, but can also be used in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. It is usually administered 3 or 4 times daily, with the total daily dose ranging from 900 mg to 2.4 g. Treatment is most effective when the concentration of its active metabolite, dimethadione, is above 700 μg/mL. Severe adverse reactions are possible, including Steven Johnson syndrome, nephrotoxicity, hepatitis, aplastic anemia, neutropenia, or agranulocytosis. More common adverse effects include drowsiness, hemeralopia, and hiccups.[1][2]

Fetal trimethadione syndrome

If administered during pregnancy, fetal trimethadione syndrome may result causing facial dysmorphism (short upturned nose, slanted eyebrows), cardiac defects, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and intellectual disability. The fetal loss rate while using trimethadione has been reported to be as high as 87%.[3]

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.American Medical Association Dept of Drugs (1977). AMA Drug Evaluations (3rd ed.). Littleton, Mass.: Pub. Sciences Group. p. 466. ISBN 978-0-88416-175-2. OCLC 1024170745.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rodman MJ, Smith DW (1979). Pharmacology and Drug Therapy in Nursing. Lippincott. p. 259. ISBN 978-0-39754-230-7.
  3. ^ Teratology and Drug Use During Pregnancy Retrieved January 2007

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