Ephrin B2
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Template:Cs1 config Template:Short description An Error has occurred retrieving Wikidata item for infobox Ephrin-B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNB2 gene.[1]
Function
This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNB class ephrin which binds to the EPHB4 and EPHA3 receptors.[2]
Cancer
EFNB2 gene has been observed progressively downregulated in Human papillomavirus-positive neoplastic keratinocytes derived from uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions at different levels of malignancy.[3] For this reason, EFNB2 is likely to be associated with tumorigenesis and may be a potential prognostic marker for uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions progression.[3]
Interactions
EFNB2 has been shown to interact with EPHA3[4][5] and EPHB1 in optic chiasm development.[6]
EFNB2 has also been shown to serve as a receptor for Hendra Virus and Nipah Virus, mediating entry into the cell during infection.[7]
Ephrin-B2 has been shown to be a mediator of angiogenesis in mouse models[8], teasing potential for application to various forms of tissue healing. A novel study published in 2022 showed that Uterine and Splenic Natural Killer cells releasing Ephrin-B2 induced formation of endothelial microtubules in a vascular endothelial pattern.
References
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bonaldo MF, Yu MT, Jelenc P, Brown S, Su L, Lawton L, Deaven L, Efstratiadis A, Warburton D, Soares MB (Sep 1994). "Selection of cDNAs using chromosome-specific genomic clones: application to human chromosome 13". Human Molecular Genetics. 3 (9): 1663–73. doi:10.1093/hmg/3.9.1663. PMID 7833926.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Entrez Gene: EFNB2 ephrin-B2".
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rotondo JC, Bosi S, Bassi C, Ferracin M, Lanza G, Gafà R, Magri E, Selvatici R, Torresani S, Marci R, Garutti P, Negrini M, Tognon M, Martini F (April 2015). "Gene expression changes in progression of cervical neoplasia revealed by microarray analysis of cervical neoplastic keratinocytes". J Cell Physiol. 230 (4): 802–812. doi:10.1002/jcp.24808. hdl:11392/2066612. PMID 25205602. S2CID 24986454.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cerretti DP, Vanden Bos T, Nelson N, Kozlosky CJ, Reddy P, Maraskovsky E, Park LS, Lyman SD, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ (Nov 1995). "Isolation of LERK-5: a ligand of the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinases". Molecular Immunology. 32 (16): 1197–205. doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00108-5. PMID 8559144.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lackmann M, Mann RJ, Kravets L, Smith FM, Bucci TA, Maxwell KF, Howlett GJ, Olsson JE, Vanden Bos T, Cerretti DP, Boyd AW (Jun 1997). "Ligand for EPH-related kinase (LERK) 7 is the preferred high affinity ligand for the HEK receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (26): 16521–30. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16521. PMID 9195962.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Williams SE, Mann F, Erskine L, Sakurai T, Wei S, Rossi DJ, Gale NW, Holt CE, Mason CA, Henkemeyer M (September 2003). "Ephrin-B2 and EphB1 mediate retinal axon divergence at the optic chiasm". Neuron. 39 (6): 919–35. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2003.08.017. PMID 12971893.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bonaparte MI, Dimitrov AS, Bossart KN, Crameri G, Mungall BA, Bishop KA, Choudhry V, Dimitrov DS, Wang LF, Eaton BT, Broder CC (July 2005). "Ephrin-B2 ligand is a functional receptor for Hendra virus and Nipah virus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (30): 10652–7. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10210652B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504887102. PMC 1169237. PMID 15998730.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wolf KG, Crawford EB, Wartan NM, Schneiderman SK, Riehl VE, Dambaeva SV, Beaman KD (October 27, 2022). "Ephrin-B2-expressing natural killer cells induce angiogenesis". The Journal of Vascular Science. 3: 336–344. doi:10.1016/j.jvssci.2022.08.003. PMC 9692026. PMID 36439700.
Further reading
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- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P (1998). "The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development". Annual Review of Neuroscience. 21: 309–45. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309. PMID 9530499.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zhou R (Mar 1998). "The Eph family receptors and ligands". Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 77 (3): 151–81. doi:10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5. PMID 9576626.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Holder N, Klein R (May 1999). "Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis". Development. 126 (10): 2033–44. doi:10.1242/dev.126.10.2033. PMID 10207129.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wilkinson DG (2000). "Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly". A Survey of Cell Biology. International Review of Cytology. Vol. 196. pp. 177–244. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4. ISBN 9780123646002. PMID 10730216.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG (Jul 2000). "Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 355 (1399): 993–1002. doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0635. PMC 1692797. PMID 11128993.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wilkinson DG (Mar 2001). "Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 2 (3): 155–64. doi:10.1038/35058515. PMID 11256076. S2CID 205014301.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bennett BD, Zeigler FC, Gu Q, Fendly B, Goddard AD, Gillett N, Matthews W (Mar 1995). "Molecular cloning of a ligand for the EPH-related receptor protein-tyrosine kinase Htk". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (6): 1866–70. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.1866B. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.6.1866. PMC 42383. PMID 7534404.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cerretti DP, Vanden Bos T, Nelson N, Kozlosky CJ, Reddy P, Maraskovsky E, Park LS, Lyman SD, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ (Nov 1995). "Isolation of LERK-5: a ligand of the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinases". Molecular Immunology. 32 (16): 1197–205. doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00108-5. PMID 8559144.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cerretti DP, Lyman SD, Kozlosky CJ, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Valentine V, Kirstein MN, Shapiro DN, Morris SW (Apr 1996). "The genes encoding the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligands LERK-1 (EPLG1, Epl1), LERK-3 (EPLG3, Epl3), and LERK-4 (EPLG4, Epl4) are clustered on human chromosome 1 and mouse chromosome 3". Genomics. 33 (2): 277–82. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0192. PMID 8660976.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM, Flenniken A, Pan L, Ryan TE, Henkemeyer M, Strebhardt K, Hirai H, Wilkinson DG, Pawson T, Davis S, Yancopoulos GD (Jul 1996). "Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis". Neuron. 17 (1): 9–19. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7. PMID 8755474.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Holland SJ, Gale NW, Mbamalu G, Yancopoulos GD, Henkemeyer M, Pawson T (Oct 1996). "Bidirectional signalling through the EPH-family receptor Nuk and its transmembrane ligands". Nature. 383 (6602): 722–5. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..722H. doi:10.1038/383722a0. hdl:1807/9444. PMID 8878483. S2CID 4349898.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ephnomenclaturecommittee (Aug 1997). "Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee". Cell. 90 (3): 403–4. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0. PMID 9267020.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Vogt T, Stolz W, Welsh J, Jung B, Kerbel RS, Kobayashi H, Landthaler M, McClelland M (Mar 1998). "Overexpression of Lerk-5/Eplg5 messenger RNA: a novel marker for increased tumorigenicity and metastatic potential in human malignant melanomas". Clinical Cancer Research. 4 (3): 791–7. PMID 9533549.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wang HU, Chen ZF, Anderson DJ (May 1998). "Molecular distinction and angiogenic interaction between embryonic arteries and veins revealed by ephrin-B2 and its receptor Eph-B4". Cell. 93 (5): 741–53. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81436-1. PMID 9630219.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nikolova Z, Djonov V, Zuercher G, Andres AC, Ziemiecki A (Sep 1998). "Cell-type specific and estrogen dependent expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase EphB4 and its ligand ephrin-B2 during mammary gland morphogenesis". Journal of Cell Science. 111 (18): 2741–51. doi:10.1242/jcs.111.18.2741. PMID 9718367.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Torres R, Firestein BL, Dong H, Staudinger J, Olson EN, Huganir RL, Bredt DS, Gale NW, Yancopoulos GD (Dec 1998). "PDZ proteins bind, cluster, and synaptically colocalize with Eph receptors and their ephrin ligands". Neuron. 21 (6): 1453–63. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80663-7. PMID 9883737.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lin D, Gish GD, Songyang Z, Pawson T (Feb 1999). "The carboxyl terminus of B class ephrins constitutes a PDZ domain binding motif". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (6): 3726–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.6.3726. PMID 9920925.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wolf KG, Crawford EB, Wartan NM, Schneiderman SK, Riehl VE, Dambaeva SV, Beaman KD (Oct 2022). "Ephrin-B2-expressing natural killer cells induce angiogenesis". The Journal of Vascular Science. 3: 336–344. doi:10.1016/j.jvssci.2022.08.003. PMC 9692026. PMID 36439700.
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