Xi Draconis
  | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Draco |
| Right ascension | Template:RA[1] |
| Declination | Template:DEC[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 3.75[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | K2 III[3] |
| U−B color index | +1.21[2] |
| B−V color index | +1.18[2] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −26.38 ± 0.20[4] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 93.82 ± 0.14[1] mas/yr Dec.: 78.50 ± 0.12[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 28.98±0.12 mas[1] |
| Distance | Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly (Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | +1.06[5] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 1.45 ± 0.17[6] M☉ |
| Radius | 11.56±0.06[7] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 47.30±0.44[7] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 2.3[8] cgs |
| Temperature | 4,451±7[7] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.09[8] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 2.3[8] km/s |
| Other designations | |
| Template:Odlist | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Xi Draconis (ξ Draconis, abbreviated Xi Dra, ξ Dra) is a double or binary star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Draco. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.75.[2] Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of 112.5 light-years (34.5 parsecs) from the Sun.[1] At this distance, the apparent magnitude is diminished by 0.03 from extinction caused by intervening gas and dust.[4]
The two components are designated Xi Draconis A (officially named Grumium /ˈɡruːmiəm/, a traditional name for the system)[9][10] and B.
Nomenclature
ξ Draconis (Latinised to Xi Draconis) is the system's Bayer designation. The designations of the two components as Xi Draconis A and B derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).[11]
It bore the traditional names Grumium. This is a graphic corruption of the Latin Grunnum 'snout',[12] as Ptolemy had described this star as being on the jawbone of the dragon.[9] In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[13] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.[14] It approved the name Grumium for the component Xi Draconis A on 12 September 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[10]
This star was also known as Nodus I or Nodus Primus. Along with Beta Draconis (Rastaban), Gamma Draconis (Eltanin), Mu Draconis (Alrakis) and Nu Draconis (Kuma), it was one of Al ʽAwāyd "the Mother Camels", which were later known as the Quinque Dromedarii.[15]
In Chinese, Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), meaning Celestial Flail, refers to an asterism consisting of Xi Draconis, Nu Draconis, Beta Draconis, Gamma Draconis and Iota Herculis.[16] Consequently, the Chinese name for Xi Draconis itself is Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang"., Template:Langx).[17]
Namesake
USS Grumium (AK-112) was a United States Navy Crater-class cargo ship named after the star.
Properties
Xi Draconis A is of spectral class K2-III. It is not known for certain if Xi Draconis A is on the red giant branch, fusing hydrogen into helium in a shell surrounding an inert helium core, or on the horizontal branch fusing helium into carbon.[18] The possible companion, Xi Draconis B, is a 16th-magnitude star 316 arcseconds away. Jim Kaler in 2008 said that most likely, the pairing is just a line-of-sight coincidence,[18] but Gaia DR3 data shows a similar parallax and proper motion to the primary.[19]
References
- ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
- ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jennens, P. A.; Helfer, H. L. (September 1975), "A new photometric metal abundance and luminosity calibration for field G and K giants.", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 172 (3): 667–679, Bibcode:1975MNRAS.172..667J, doi:10.1093/mnras/172.3.667.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Morgan, W. W.; Keenan, P. C. (1973), "Spectral Classification", Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 11: 29–50, Bibcode:1973ARA&A..11...29M, doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Famaey, B.; et al. (January 2005), "Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430 (1): 165–186, arXiv:astro-ph/0409579, Bibcode:2005A&A...430..165F, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041272, S2CID 17804304.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cardini, D. (January 2005), "Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430: 303–311, arXiv:astro-ph/0409683, Bibcode:2005A&A...430..303C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041440, S2CID 12136256.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stello, D.; et al. (2008), "Oscillating K Giants with the WIRE Satellite: Determination of Their Asteroseismic Masses", The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 674 (1): L53–L56, arXiv:0801.2155, Bibcode:2008ApJ...674L..53S, doi:10.1086/528936, S2CID 15094067.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Benson, James A.; Zavala, R. T.; van Belle, Gerard T. (2014-01-13), "Navy Precision Optical Interferometer Measurements of 10 Stellar Oscillators", The Astrophysical Journal, 781 (2): 90, arXiv:1401.3342, Bibcode:2014ApJ...781...90B, doi:10.1088/0004-637x/781/2/90, ISSN 0004-637X
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Massarotti, Alessandro; et al. (January 2008), "Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity", The Astronomical Journal, 135 (1): 209–231, Bibcode:2008AJ....135..209M, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209, S2CID 121883397.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim (2006). A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations (2nd rev. ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Pub. ISBN 978-1-931559-44-7.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Naming Stars". IAU.org. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hessman, F. V.; Dhillon, V. S.; Winget, D. E.; Schreiber, M. R.; Horne, K.; Marsh, T. R.; Guenther, E.; Schwope, A.; Heber, U. (2010). "On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets". arXiv:1012.0707 [astro-ph.SR].
- ^ In medieval manuscripts, both 'nn' and 'mi' were written with four strokes, ıııı, and thus could be easily confused. (That is why we now dot our i's.) Indeed, both the correct and corrupted spellings would have looked rather like Grııııııııııı.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN), International Astronomical Union, archived from the original on 10 June 2016, retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names" (PDF). p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2018-07-14.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Allen, R. H. (1963), Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.), New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc., p. 207, ISBN 0-486-21079-0, retrieved 2010-12-12.
{{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) - ^ Template:In lang 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, Template:ISBN.
- ^ Template:In lang 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kaler, James B., "GRUMIUM (Xi Draconis)", Stars, University of Illinois, retrieved 2018-02-14
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."LP 102-432". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
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