Huarpean languages
Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.
 | Page Template:Hidden begin/styles.css has no content. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in español. (February 2025) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
Page Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.
| Huarpean | |
|---|---|
| Warpean | |
| Geographic distribution | Cuyo Province, Argentina |
| Ethnicity | Huarpe people |
| Extinct | after 1630s |
| Linguistic classification | One of the world's primary language families |
| Subdivisions |
|
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | huar1251 |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Map of the Huarpean languages | |
Huarpe (Warpe) is a small, extinct language family of central Argentina (historic Cuyo Province) that consisted of at least two closely related languages. They are traditionally considered dialects, and include Allentiac (Alyentiyak, Huarpe) and Millcayac (Milykayak). A third, Puntano of San Luis, was not documented before the languages became extinct.
Kaufman (1994) tentatively linked Huarpe to the Mura-Matanawi languages in a family he called Macro-Warpean. However, he noted that "no systematic study" had been made, so that it is best to consider them independent families. Swadesh and Suárez both connected Huarpe to Macro-Jibaro, a possibility that has yet to be investigated.
Varieties
Loukotka (1968)
Varieties classified by Loukotka (1968) as part of the Huarpe language cluster (all unattested unless noted otherwise, i.e. for Chiquiyama and Comechingon):[2]
- Oico / Holcotian - once spoken in Mendoza Province in the Diamante Valley. (Unattested.)
- Orcoyan / Oscollan - once spoken in the southern regions of Mendoza Province. (Unattested.)
- Chiquiyama - once spoken between the city of Mendoza and the Barranca River.[3]
- Tuluyame / Puelche algarrobero - once spoken in the Calamuchita Valley, Córdoba Province. (Unattested.)
- Michilenge / Puntano - once spoken in the Conlara Valley, San Luis Province. (Unattested.)
- Olongasto - once spoken in La Rioja Province by the neighbors of the Allentiac tribe. (Unattested.)
- Comechingon - extinct language once spoken in the Sierra de Córdoba in Córdoba Province, Argentina[4][5][6][7]
Mason (1950)
Varieties of the Huarpe-Comechingon linguistic group cited from Canals Frau (1944) by Mason (1950):[8]
Page Template:Tree list/styles.css has no content.
Pericot y Garcia (1936) lists Zoquillam, Tunuyam, Chiquillan, Morcoyam, Diamantino (Oyco), Mentuayn, Chom, Titiyam, Otoyam, Ultuyam, and Cucyam.[8]
Page Template:Tree list/styles.css has no content.
- Comechingón varieties[8]
- Comechingón
- Main
- Tuya
- Mundema
- Cáma
- Umba
- Michilingwe
- Indama
- Comechingón
Phonology
The two languages had apparently similar sound systems, and were not dissimilar from Spanish, at least from the records we have. Barros (2009) reconstructs the consonants as follows:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive | p | t | k | ||
| Affricate | ts | tʃ | |||
| Fricative | s | ʃ | h | ||
| Semivowel | w | j | (ɰ) | ||
| Lateral | l | ʎ | |||
| Trill | r |
Allentiac had at least six vowels, written a, e, i, o, u, ù. The ù is thought to represent the central vowel [ɨ].
References
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Canals Frau, Salvador (1944-04-18). "El grupo Huarpe-Comechingón". Anales del Instituto de Etnografía Americana (Año 1944, Tomo 5).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Latcham, Ricardo E. (September 1927). "Los indios Chiquillanes". Atenea (Concepción) (in español). 4 (9): 311–327. doi:10.29393/At9-3ICRL10003. ISSN 0718-0462.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cafferata, Antonio F. (1926). Los comechingones; apuntes para su estudio. Rosario: "La Velocidad,".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Canals Frau, Salvador (1944-04-18). "El grupo Huarpe-Comechingón". Anales del Instituto de Etnografía Americana (Año 1944, Tomo 5).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Serrano, Antonio (1944). "EL IDIOMA DE LOS COMEGHINGONES y SANA VIRONES" (PDF). Boletín de la Academia Argentina de Letras. ISSN 0001-3757.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Serrano, Antonio (1945). Los Comechingones (in español). ISSN 0326-4572.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians (PDF). Vol. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Barros, J. Pedro Viegas. (2009) Una propuesta de fonetización y fonemización tentativas de las hablas Huarpes.
- Catalina Teresa Michieli, 1990. Millcayac y Allentiac: Los dialectos del idioma Huarpe Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- Lengua Huarpe at pueblosoriginarios.com
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found. Template:South American languagesLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Authority control/config' not found.
