Gubbi Gubbi language
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Gubbi Gubbi, also spelt Kabi Kabi, is a language of Queensland in Australia, formerly spoken by the Kabi Kabi people of South-east Queensland. The main dialect, Gubbi Gubbi, is extinct, but there are still 24 people with knowledge of the Butchulla dialect (also spelt Batjala, Batyala, Badjala, and variants), a language spoken by the Butchulla people of K'gari (Fraser Island).
Language status
The main dialect is extinct, but there were still 24 people with knowledge of the Butchulla dialect (a language spoken by the Butchulla people of K'gari formerly known as Fraser Island) as of the 2016 Australian census.[1]
Phonology
The following is in the Butchulla dialect:
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex/ Palatal |
Velar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | plain | b | d̪~ɟ | d | ɡ | |
| tense | pː | d̪ː | kː | |||
| Nasal | m | n̪ | n | ŋ | ||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Rhotic | r | ɻ | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
- /n̪/ always becomes palatal [ɲ] when preceding /i/, and in word-final position.
- /d̪/ is in free variation with palatal [ɟ].
- Script error: No such module "IPA". can have lenited allophones Script error: No such module "IPA". in intervocalic positions.
- /ɻ/ has a lateral allophone of [ɭ] when preceding /b/.
- /ɡ/ is often slightly palatalised as [ɡʲ] before /i/.
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː |
| Mid | ɛ ɛː | |
| Low | a aː | |
- /aː/ can sometimes be heard as [æː] before /l/.
- /u/ can be heard as [ɔ] when preceding an intervocalic /ɻ/.[3]
Lexicon
According to Norman Tindale (1974), the word Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "IPA".), means "no".[2]
Script error: No such module "Lang". means "Welcome, everyone" in Kabi Kabi/Gubbi Gubbi.[4]
References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". stat.data.abs.gov.au. ABS. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
- ^ a b E29 Gubbi Gubbi at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (see the info box for additional links)
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bell, Jeanie P. (2003). A sketch grammar of the Badjala language of Gari (Fraser Island) (Master's thesis). The University of Melbourne. hdl:11343/36949.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Say G'day in an Indigenous Language" (PDF). slq.qld.gov.au/. State Library of Queensland. 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
External links
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Wayback Machine" (PDF). aiatsis.gov.au.
{{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help) Selected bibliography of material on Gubbi Gubbi / Kabi Kabi / Gabi Gabi language and people held in the AIATSIS Library - Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Kabi Kabi People | Official Guide". Sunshine Coast Tourist Information Centre. Heritage of Kabi Kabi people – Sunshine Coast Tourism Information Centre
- Joyce Bonner digital story, State Library of Queensland. Digital story discussing the Badtjala dialect
- Eve Fesl digital story, State Library of Queensland. Digital story discussing the Gubbi Gubbi language
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