Kazma

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Kazima
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LocationKuwait
RegionJahra Governorate
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Kazma (Template:Langx) is an area in Kuwait. It is located in Al Jahra Governorate, Template:Cvt north of Kuwait City, the capital of Kuwait. It is an ancient area with a long history, known to Persians and Arabs since the Sassanid, Jahiliyyah and the early Islamic eras.

History

In 633 AD, the Battle of Chains between the Sassanid Empire and Rashidun Caliphate was fought in Kuwait near Kazma.[1][2] At the time, Kuwait was under the control of the Sassanid Empire. The Battle of Chains was the first battle of the Rashidun Caliphate in which the Muslim army sought to extend its frontiers.

As a result of Rashidun victory in 633 AD, the bay of Kuwait was home to the city of Kazma (also known as "Kadhima" or "Kāzimah") in the early Islamic era.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Medieval Arabic sources contain multiple references to the bay of Kuwait in the early Islamic period.[7][8][9] The city functioned as a trade port and resting place for pilgrims on their way from Iraq to Hejaz. The city was controlled by the kingdom of Al-Hirah in Iraq.[7][10][11] In the early Islamic period, the bay of Kuwait was known for being a fertile area.[2][12][13]

Kazma was mainly a stop for caravans coming from Persia and Mesopotamia en route to the Arabian Peninsula. The poet Al-Farazdaq was born in the city of Kazma.[14] Al-Farazdaq is recognized as one of the greatest classical poets of the Arabs.[14]

See also

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kurt Ray (2003). A Historical Atlas of Kuwait. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. pp. 10. ISBN 9780823939817.
  2. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dipiazza, Francesca Davis (2008). Kuwait in Pictures. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780822565895.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Brian Ulrich. "Kāzimah remembered: historical traditions of an early Islamic settlement by Kuwait Bay". British Museum, Seminar for Arabian Studies.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kennet, Derek. "Investigating an Early Islamic Landscape on Kuwait Bay: the archaeology of historical Kadhima". Durham University.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Maguer-Gillon, Sterenn Le; Ulrich, Brian; Kennet, Derek. "Kadhima: Kuwait in the early centuries of Islam". academia.edu.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Soft stone from Kadhima: evidence for trade connections and domestic activities". Kuwait NCCAL, Durham University.
  7. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Brian Ulrich (January 2013). "From Iraq to the Hijaz in the Early Islamic Period: History and Archaeology of the Basran Hajj Road and the Way(s) through Kuwait". The Hajj: Collected Essays, ed. Venetia Porter and Liana Saif.
  8. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kennet, Derek; Blair, Andrew; Ulrich, Brian; Al-Duwīsh, Sultan M. (2011). "The Kadhima Project: investigating an Early Islamic settlement and landscape on Kuwait Bay". Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies. 41. jstor.org: 161–172. JSTOR 41622130.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Kāzimah". academia.edu.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies Volumes 9–12. 1979. p. 53. Although the town of al-Hira might have been too far northward to be considered a part of Eastern Arabia it is dealt with here as such because the kingdom of al- Hira controlled Kazima (Kuwait).
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."New field work at Kadhima (Kuwait) and the archaeology of the Early Islamic period in Eastern Arabia". SOAS. Archived from the original on 2018-11-25. Retrieved 2021-08-14.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Culture in rehabilitation: from competency to proficiency". Jeffrey L. Crabtree, Abdul Matin Royeen. 2006. p. 194. During the early Islamic period, Kazima had become a very famous fertile area and served as a trading stations for travelers in the region.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Kadhima : an Early Islamic settlement and landscape on Kuwait Bay". Durham University. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
  14. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Farazdaq center lauds Info. Min. care for youth". Kuwait News Agency. 22 May 2014.

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