Livvi-Karelian language

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Livvi-Karelian
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Native toRussia, Finland
Regionbetween Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega, northward of Svir River, Karelia
EthnicityOlonets Karelians
Native speakers
(14,100–25,000 cited 2000–2010)[1]
Uralic
Latin (Karelian alphabet)
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
Language codes
ISO 639-3olo
Glottologlivv1243
ELPTemplate:Endangered Languages Project
LinguasphereTemplate:Infobox language/lingualist
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Distribution of Karelian and Ludic at the beginning of the 20th century[4][5]
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Olonetsian is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)

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PeopleKarelians
LanguageKarelian;
Livvi-Karelian
CountryKarelia

Livvi-Karelian[6] (Alternate names: Liygi, Livvi, Livvikovian, Olonets, Southern Olonetsian, Karelian; Template:Langx)[6][7] is a supradialect of Karelian, which is a Finnic language of the Uralic family,[8] spoken by Olonets Karelians (self-appellation Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang".), traditionally inhabiting the area between Ladoga and Onega lakes, northward of Svir River. File:Livvi-Karelian language and VepKar corpus by Tatiana Boiko.ogvThe name "Olonets Karelians" is derived from the territory inhabited, Olonets Krai, named after the town of Olonets, named after the Olonka River.

History

Dialects of the Karelian language includes Karelian Proper supradialect, Livvi-Karelian supradialect, Ludic supradialect.

Before World War II, Livvi-Karelian was spoken both in Russia and in Finland, in the easternmost part of Finnish Karelia. After Finland was forced to cede large parts of Karelia to the USSR after the war, the Finnish Livvi-Karelian population was resettled in Finland. Today there are still native speakers of Livvi-Karelian living scattered throughout Finland, but all areas in which Livvi-Karelian remains a community language are found in Russia.

Speakers of Livvi-Karelian may be found mainly in Olonetsky, Pryazhinsky, Pitkyarantsky, and partly Suoyarvsky districts of the Republic of Karelia.[9] Livvi-Karelian long remained relatively uninfluenced by the Russian language despite the large influx of Russians following the founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703.[citation needed]

Phonology

Karelian dialects mapped out, with Number 4 being the Livvi-Karelian dialect.

Vowels

Front Back
rnd. urnd. rnd. urnd.
Close Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
Mid Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
Open Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
plain pal.
Plosive voiceless Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
voiced Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
Affricate voiceless Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
voiced Script error: No such module "IPA".
Fricative voiceless (Script error: No such module "IPA".) Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". (Script error: No such module "IPA".) Script error: No such module "IPA".
voiced Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
Nasal Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". (Script error: No such module "IPA".)
Approximant Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA". Script error: No such module "IPA".
Rhotic Script error: No such module "IPA".
  • Consonants may also occur as geminated or long Script error: No such module "IPA"..
  • Sounds Script error: No such module "IPA". are commonly heard from Russian loanwords.
  • Script error: No such module "IPA". can have allophones of Script error: No such module "IPA". or Script error: No such module "IPA"..
  • Script error: No such module "IPA". is heard as Script error: No such module "IPA". when preceding Script error: No such module "IPA". or Script error: No such module "IPA"..
  • Palatalization Script error: No such module "IPA". may occur among different dialects when consonants are preceding vowels Script error: No such module "IPA"..[10]

Alphabet

Livvi-Karelian uses the Latin alphabet and has the following letters in its alphabet, which is called the Karelian alphabet: Aa, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Zz, Žž, Tt, Uu, Vv, Yy, Ää, Öö.[11]

Until 2007, the ü letter was a part of the Livvi-Karelian alphabet, which has been recommended by the Karelian language board to be instead be changed to the y letter.[12]

Grammar

Livvi-Karelian and its grammatical cases are quite similar to the Finnish language and other related Finnic languages.

The word 'food' in Livvi-Karelian cases:[13]

case singular plural
nom. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
gen. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
par. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
ine. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
ill. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
ela. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
ade. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
abe. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
all. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
abl. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
ess. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
tra. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
com. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
prol. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
term. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
approx. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".
acc. Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "Lang".

Common phrases

Source:[14][15]

Hello! - Script error: No such module "Lang".

How are you? - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Good night! - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Good afternoon! - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Do you speak Karelian? - Script error: No such module "Lang".

I'm sorry. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

You're welcome. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

I love you. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Goodbye. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

My name is ... - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Excuse me. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Help! - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Cheers! - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Right. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Left. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Yes. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

No.. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

One. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Two. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Three. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Four. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

Five. - Script error: No such module "Lang".

See also

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Karjalainen, Heini; Puura, Ulriikka; Grünthal, Riho; Kovaleva, Svetlana (2013). "Karelian in Russia. ELDIA Case-Specific Report". Studies in European Language Diversity. 26. ELDIA. ISSN 2192-2403.
  2. ^ Change in the regulation by the president of Finland about European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, 27.11.2009 (in Finnish)
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Законодательные акты: О государственной поддержке карельского, вепсского и финского языков в Республике Карелия". Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2011.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rantanen, Timo; Tolvanen, Harri; Roose, Meeli; Ylikoski, Jussi; Vesakoski, Outi (8 June 2022). "Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic". PLOS ONE. 17 (6) e0269648. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1769648R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269648. PMC 9176854. PMID 35675367.
  5. ^ Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021). Geographical database of the Uralic languages (v1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188
  6. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Livvi-Karelian". Ethnologue. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Moseley, Christopher (2007). Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages. Psychology Press. p. 263. ISBN 978-0-203-64565-9.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Language Family Trees, Uralic, Finnic". Ethnologue. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
  9. ^ "Karelian Language", at the website about livvic culture
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sarhimaa, Anneli (2022). Karelian. Oxford Guides to the World's Languages (1st ed.): Oxford University Press. pp. 274–275.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pyöli, Raija (2011). Livvinkarjalan kielioppi (in suomi). Karjalan Kielen Seura. ISBN 978-952-5790-25-2.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Kirjaimikkuo suurendetah". Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."VepKar :: Lemmas". dictorpus.krc.karelia.ru. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Useful phrases in Livvi-Karelian". www.omniglot.com. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Craig Gibson, Digital Dialects 2020. "Digital Dialects Karelian games". www.digitaldialects.com. Retrieved 17 October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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