Grifola frondosa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Maitake)

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Hatnote list' not found.

Script error: No such module "Autotaxobox".
Script error: No such module "Automated taxobox".
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found.
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: <div style="display:inline" class="script error: no such module "taxobox ranks".">Template:Taxon infoTemplate:Taxon italics
Binomial name
Template:Taxon infoTemplate:Taxon italics
(Dicks.) Gray (1821)
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found.
Synonyms
  • Boletus frondosus Dicks. (1785)
  • Polyporus frondosus Fr.[1]

Page Template:Taxobox/core/styles.css has no content.Template:Taxonbar/candidateTemplate:Speciesbox/parameterCheckScript error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".

Template:Short description

Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.

Grifola frondosa
Mycological characteristics
Pores on hymenium
File:Offset cap icon.svg File:No cap icon.svgCap is offset or indistinct
File:Decurrent gills icon2.svgHymenium is decurrent
File:Bare stipe icon.svgStipe is bare
Spore print is white
File:Parasitic fungus.svgEcology is parasitic
File:Mycomorphbox Choice.png File:Mycomorphbox Caution.pngEdibility is choice or can cause allergic reactions

Grifola frondosa, also known as hen-of-the-woods, sheep's head,[2] ram's head, or Script error: No such module "Nihongo". in Japanese, is a polypore mushroom that grows at the base of trees, particularly old growth oaks or maples. It is native to China, Europe, and North America.

It is an edible mushroom long used in East Asian cuisine and studied for its potential health benefits, though no high-quality clinical evidence supports its medicinal use.

Description

G. frondosa grows from an underground tuber-like structure known as a sclerotium, about the size of a potato.[2] The fruiting bodies form clumps up to 50 cm (20 in)[3] or rarely 150 cm (60 in).[citation needed] The mushrooms toughen as they mature.[1]

The caps are grayish-brown, often curled or spoon-shaped, with wavy margins and 2–10 cm (1–4 in) broad.[4] The undersurface of each cap bears about one to three pores per millimeter, with the tubes rarely deeper than Page Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.3 mm (1⁄8 in).[4] The cream-coloured stipe (stalk) has a branchy structure.[5] The spore print is white.[4]

In Japan, the Script error: No such module "lang". can grow to more than 45 kilograms (100 pounds).

Similar species

G. frondosa is a very distinct mushroom except for its cousin, the black staining mushroom, which is similar in taste but rubbery. Edible species which look similar to G. frondosa include Meripilus sumstinei (which stains black), Sparassis spathulata[6] and Laetiporus sulphureus, another edible bracket fungus that is commonly called chicken of the woods or "sulphur shelf". Polyporus umbellatus has distinct roundish caps.[5]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to China, Europe (August to October),[3] and eastern North America[7] (from September to October).[5]

It occurs most prolifically in eastern North America, but has been found as far west as Idaho.[2]

Like the sulphur shelf mushroom, G. frondosa is a perennial fungus that often grows in the same place for several years in succession.[citation needed]

Uses

The species is a choice edible mushroom,[8] especially the young caps when slow cooked, although some may be allergic to it.[2] The softer caps must be thoroughly cooked.[4] It can also be pickled.[2]

Maitake has been consumed for centuries in China and Japan[9] where it is one of the major culinary mushrooms.[citation needed] The mushroom is used in many Japanese dishes, such as nabemono.[citation needed]

Research

Although under laboratory and preliminary clinical research for many years, particularly for the possible biological effects of its polysaccharides, there are no completed, high-quality Phase III clinical studies for the species as of 2019.[9][10]

According to a 2009 study, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from the species can serve as an immunomodulator for survivors of breast cancer with no apparent maximum dose, although the botanical source "may not produce optimal clinical effects".[11]

References

Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.

  1. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.McIlvaine, Charles; Macadam, Robert K. (1973). One Thousand American Fungi. New York: Dover Publications. p. 483. ISBN 0486227820.
  2. ^ a b c d e Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Arora, David (1986) [1979]. Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press. pp. 564–65. ISBN 978-0-89815-170-1.
  3. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Francis-Baker, Tiffany (2021). Concise Foraging Guide. The Wildlife Trusts. London: Bloomsbury. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-4729-8474-6.
  4. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 300. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
  5. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Audubon (2023). Mushrooms of North America. Knopf. p. 263. ISBN 978-0-593-31998-7.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Meuninck, Jim (2017). Foraging Mushrooms Oregon: Finding, Identifying, and Preparing Edible Wild Mushrooms. Falcon Guides. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-4930-2669-2.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Meuninck, Jim (2015-06-01). Jim Meuninck - Basic Illustrated Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms, pp. 13-14, Rowman & Littlefield, 1 Jun 2015. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781493014682. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuides. p. 420. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1.
  9. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Maitake, Grifola frondosa". Drugs.com. 2 September 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Maitake". Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. 2019. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Deng, Gary; Lin, Hong; Seidman, Andrew; Fornier, Monica; D’Andrea, Gabriella; Wesa, Kathleen; Yeung, Simon; Cunningham-Rundles, Susanna; Vickers, Andrew J.; Cassileth, Barrie (2009-09-01). "A phase I/II trial of a polysaccharide extract from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) in breast cancer patients: immunological effects". Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. 135 (9): 1215–1221. doi:10.1007/s00432-009-0562-z. ISSN 1432-1335. PMC 3751581. PMID 19253021.
  • Page Template:Sister-inline/styles.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Sister project logo". Media related to Script error: No such module "Commons link". at Wikimedia Commons

Template:Medicinal herbs & fungi Script error: No such module "Taxonbar". Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Authority control/config' not found.

Retrieved from "https://cosmopedia.co/index.php?title=Grifola_frondosa&oldid=7491829"