Metre per second

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metre per second
Unit systemSI
Unit ofspeed
Symbolm/s
Conversions
1 m/s in ...... is equal to ...
   km/h   3.6
   mph   2.2369
   kn   1.9438
   ft/s   3.2808

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The metre per second (alternatively spelled meter per second) is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second. As the base unit for speed in the SI, it is commonly used in physics, mechanics, and engineering contexts. It represents both scalar speed and vector velocity, depending on context. According to the definition of metre,[1] 1 m/s is exactly Page Template:Sfrac/styles.css has no content.⁠1/299792458⁠ of the speed of light.

Velocity vs Time Graph
A velocity(In vector metres per second) versus time chart. It shows how the unit metre per second is often used in scientific and educational occasions.

The SI unit symbols are m/s, m·s−1, m s−1, or Page Template:Sfrac/styles.css has no content.⁠m/s⁠.[2]

Conversions

1 m/s is equivalent to:

= 3.6 km/h (exactly)[3]
≈ 3.2808 feet per second (approximately)[4]
≈ 2.2369 miles per hour (approximately)[5]
≈ 1.9438 knots (approximately)[6]

1 foot per second = 0.3048 m/s (exactly)[7]

1 mile per hour = 0.44704 m/s (exactly)[8]

1 km/h = 0.27777.... m/s (exactly)[9]

History and Standardization

The metre per second became the official SI derived unit for both speed and velocity with the establishment of the International System of Units (SI) in 1960 by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM).[10] Prior to this, various units such as feet per second, miles per hour, and knots were more commonly used, depending on the region and application.

The unit derives from the SI base units of metre (length) and second (time), both of which were defined more precisely in the 20th century. The metre was originally based on the dimensions of the Earth, but is now defined by the distance light travels in vacuum in 1/299792458 of a second. The second is defined using the vibration frequency of caesium atoms (9192631770 oscillations per second).[11] Because of its accuracy, simplicity and preciseness, this unit is adopted as the official unit of speed and velocity and is almost always used as the unit of speed and velocity in scientific occasions.

Relation to other measures

The benz, named in honour of Karl Benz, has been proposed as a name for one metre per second.[12] Although it has seen some support as a practical unit,[13] primarily from German sources,[12] it was rejected as the SI unit of velocity[14] and has not seen widespread use or acceptance.[15]

The square of metres per second, or square metre per square second, is used as a unit of gravitational potential.

Unicode character

The "metre per second" symbol is encoded by Unicode at code point Page Template:Mono/styles.css has no content.U+33A7 ㎧ Script error: No such module "Unicode data"..[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Definitions of the SI base units". physics.nist.gov. 29 May 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."SI brochure, Section 5.1". Archived from the original on 2019-03-21. Retrieved 2018-06-08.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.CDX Automotive (2013). South African Automotive Light Vehicle Level 3. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 478. ISBN 978-1449697853.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dinçer, İbrahim; Rosen, Marc A. (2007). EXERGY: Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. 444. ISBN 9780080531359. OCLC 228148217.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jazar, Reza N. (2017). Vehicle Dynamics: Theory and Application (3rd ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. p. 957. ISBN 9783319534411. OCLC 988750637.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Collinson, R.P.G. (2013). Introduction to Avionics Systems (2nd ed.). Boston: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 16. ISBN 9781441974662. OCLC 861706692.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Potter, Merle C; Wiggert, David C; Ramadan, Bassem H. (2016). Mechanics of Fluids, SI Edition (5th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 722. ISBN 978-1305887701.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Das, Braja M.; Kassimali, Aslam; Sami, Sedat (2010). Mechanics for Engineers: Statics. Ft. Lauderdale, FL: J. Ross Publishing. p. 556. ISBN 9781604270297. OCLC 419827343.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wright, Gus (2015). Fundamentals of medium/heavy duty diesel engines. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 1349. ISBN 9781284067057. OCLC 927104266.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."SI Brochure - BIPM". BIPM. Archived from the original on 2025-06-24. Retrieved 2025-07-04.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Second | COSMOS". astronomy.swin.edu.au. Retrieved 2025-07-04.
  12. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Klein HA. (2011). The Science of Measurement: A Historical Survey. Dover Publications. p. 695. ISBN 978-0486258393.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Heijungs R. (2005). "On the Use of Units in LCA". The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 10 (3): 174. Bibcode:2005IJLCA..10..173H. doi:10.1065/lca2005.02.199. S2CID 110961104.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cardarelli F. (2004). Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures: Their SI Equivalences and Origins. Transl. by MJ Shields. (3rd revised ed.). Springer. p. 217. ISBN 978-1852336820.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dresner S. (1974). Units of Measurement: An Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Units Both Scientific and Popular and the Quantities They Measure. Harvey Miller and Medcalf. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-85602-036-0.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Unicode Consortium (2019). "The Unicode Standard 12.0 – CJK Compatibility ❰ Range: 3300—33FF ❱" (PDF). Unicode.org. Retrieved May 24, 2019.
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