King of the Mountains
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| Sport | Road bicycle racing |
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| Competition | Page Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content. |
| Awarded for | Climbing specialists |
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The King of the Mountains (KoM) is an award given to the best climbing specialist in a men's cycling road race; in women's cycle racing, Queen of the Mountains (QoM) is used.
While the title may be given to the rider who achieves the highest position over several designated climbs in a single-day road race, it is more usually applied to stage races (for example, the Grand Tours, Tour de France, Giro d'Italia, Vuelta a España) where points are accumulated over the duration of the whole race.
In the Tour de France, where it is officially known as the Mountains classification, at the top of each significant climb, points are awarded to the riders who are first over the top. The climbs are categorised from 1 (most difficult) to 4 (least difficult) based on their steepness and length. A fifth category, called Hors catégorie (outside category) applies to mountains rated even more severe than first category. Similar ratings apply to climbs in the other major Tours.
In the Tour de France, the leader in the mountains competition wears a distinctive polka dot jersey (French: maillot à pois rouges). Although the King of the Mountains was first recognised in the 1933 Tour de France, the distinctive jersey was not introduced until 1975. In the Giro, the King of the Mountains leader wore a green jersey until 2011; in 2012, the jersey changed to blue at the behest of the corporate sponsor of the mountains classification. In the Vuelta several jersey designs have been used, but since 2010 it has been white with blue polka dots.
Additionally, King or Queen of the Mountains can also apply to the highest ranked user in certain activities tracked by services such as Strava.[1]
Mountains classification winners of the Grand Tours
Winners by year
| Legend | |
|---|---|
| Rider also won General classification | |
| Rider also won General and Points classification | |
| Rider also won General and Young Rider classification | |
| Rider also won Young Rider classification | |
- Notes
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A. Page Template:Citation/styles.css has no content.a Franco Pellizotti was the Mountains leader but later had his results removed after his biological passport indicated irregular values, but the classification has not been remade yet. Egoi Martínez was ranked second and later declared winner.
B. Page Template:Citation/styles.css has no content.b Bernhard Kohl was the Mountains leader but later had his results removed after a positive test for MIRCERA and admission to the use of doping. Carlos Sastre was ranked second and later declared winner.[3]
Most wins
Two riders have won the "King of the Mountains" in the Tour de France six times: Federico Bahamontes (Spain) and Lucien Van Impe (Belgium), while Richard Virenque (France) holds the record with seven wins. Gino Bartali holds the record for the Giro d'Italia, also with seven wins, while José Luis Laguía has won the Vuelta equivalent five times.
| Rank | Rider | Total | Giro | Tour | Vuelta |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spain Script error: No such module "Sort". | 9 | 1 (1956) | 6 (1954, 1958, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1964) | 2 (1957, 1958) |
| Italy Script error: No such module "Sort". | 9 | 7 (1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1946, 1947) | 2 (1938, 1948) | – | |
| 3 | Belgium Script error: No such module "Sort". | 8 | 2 (1982, 1983) | 6 (1971, 1972, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1983) | – |
| 4 | France Script error: No such module "Sort". | 7 | – | 7 (1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2004) | – |
| 5 | Spain Script error: No such module "Sort". | 6 | – | 3 (1965, 1966, 1967) | 3 (1963, 1964, 1965) |
| 6 | Italy Script error: No such module "Sort". | 5 | 3 (1990, 1992, 1993) | 2 (1991, 1992) | – |
| Italy Script error: No such module "Sort". | 5 | 3 (1948, 1949, 1954) | 2 (1949, 1952) | – | |
| Spain Script error: No such module "Sort". | 5 | 4 (1971, 1972, 1973, 1974) | – | 1 (1972) | |
| Colombia Script error: No such module "Sort". | 5 | 1 (1989) | 2 (1985, 1987) | 1 (1987) | |
| Spain Script error: No such module "Sort". | 5 | – | – | 5 (1981, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986) | |
| Spain Script error: No such module "Sort". | 5 | 2 (1975, 1976) | – | 3 (1975, 1976, 1978) |
Career triples
No rider has won the "King of the Mountains" in all three Grand Tours in the same year. Only two riders, Federico Bahamontes and Luis Herrera, have won all three competitions in different years.
| Rider | Total | Giro | Tour | Vuelta |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Flagathlete | 9 | 1 (1956) | 6 (1954, 1958, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1964) | 2 (1957, 1958) |
| Template:Flagathlete | 5 | 1 (1989) | 2 (1985, 1987) | 2 (1987, 1991) |
Natural doubles
Ten riders have won two mountains classifications in a single year:
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Days leading classification
In previous tours, sometimes a stage was broken in two (or three). "Days" column gives the number of times the cyclist was a classification leader at the end of the day. Numbers in brackets include split stages.
after the end of 2025 Vuelta a España
| Legend | |
|---|---|
| Current records | |
| Rider was leading in all Grand Tours | |
| Rider was leading in all Grand Tours in one season | |
| Rank | Rider | Days | Leading span | Giro | Tour | Vuelta |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Template:Flagicon Federico Bahamontes | 133 (138) | 1954–1964 | 34 (35) | 74 (77) | 25 (26) |
| 2 | Template:Flagicon Lucien Van Impe | 112 (123) | 1971–1983 | 34 (35) | 78 (88) | 0 |
| 3 | Template:Flagicon Gino Bartali | 98 (113) | 1935–1948 | 73 (83) | 25 (30) | 0 |
| 4 | Template:Flagicon Richard Virenque | 96 | 1992–2004 | 0 | 96 | 0 |
| 5 | Template:Flagicon Julio Jiménez | 95 (99) | 1961–1968 | 25 | 40 (43) | 30 (31) |
| 6 | Template:Flagicon Eddy Merckx | 92 (97) | 1968–1976 | 56 (57) | 36 (40) | 0 |
| 7 | Template:Flagicon José Luis Laguía | 90 (94) | 1981–1986 | 0 | 0 | 90 (94) |
| 8 | Template:Flagicon José Manuel Fuente | 71 (80) | 1971–1974 | 46 (50) | 8 (10) | 17 (20) |
| 9 | Template:Flagicon José Luis Abilleira | 66 (75) | 1973–1976 | 0 | 0 | 66 (75) |
| 10 | Template:Flagicon Fausto Coppi | 61 | 1940–1954 | 37 | 24 | 0 |
| 11 | Template:Flagicon Luis Herrera | 59 (61) | 1985–1991 | 8 (9) | 25 (26) | 26 |
| 12 | Template:Flagicon Julián Berrendero | 55 (62) | 1936–1947 | 0 | 9 (13) | 46 (49) |
| 13 | Template:Flagicon Tony Rominger | 55 (56) | 1989–1996 | 10 | 10 | 35 (36) |
Only four other riders were leading mountains classification in all three Grand Tours: Aurelio González Puente, Karsten Kroon, Tim Wellens and Jonas Vingegaard.
The rider with the most Grand Tour days on the top of the King of the Mountains classification in one season is Federico Bahamontes - 31 in 1958. José Manuel Fuente amassed a record 34 stages (including split stages) across 29 days as a KoM leader in one calendar year (1972).
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wynn, Nigel (2017-01-16). "How to take a Strava KOM". cyclingweekly.com. Cycling Weekly. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
- ^ Tour de France, Giro d'Italia and Vuelta a España. Gbrathletics.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-13.
- ^ Official history of the Tour, see pages 117 and 123 Script error: No such module "webarchive".
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