Obstruent
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(Redirected from Obstruents)
Template:Short description An obstruent (/ˈɒbstruənt/ Script error: No such module "Respell".) is a speech sound such as [k], [d͡ʒ], or [f] that is formed by obstructing airflow. Obstruents contrast with sonorants, which have no such obstruction and so resonate.[1] All obstruents are consonants, but sonorants include vowels as well as consonants.
Subclasses
Obstruents are subdivided into:
- plosives (oral stops), such as Script error: No such module "IPA"., with complete occlusion of the vocal tract, often followed by a release burst;
- fricatives, such as Script error: No such module "IPA"., with limited closure, not stopping airflow but making it turbulent;
- affricates, which begin with complete occlusion but then release into a fricative-like release, such as Script error: No such module "IPA"..[2]
Voicing
Obstruents are often prototypically voiceless, but voiced obstruents are common. This contrasts with sonorants, which are prototypically voiced and only rarely phonemically voiceless.[3]
See also
References
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- ^ Gussenhoven, Carlos; Haike, Jacobs. Understanding Phonology, Fourth Edition, Routledge, 2017
- ^ Zsiga, Elizabeth. The Sounds of Language: An Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Blevins, Juliette (2018). "Evolutionary phonology and the life cycle of voiceless sonorants". Typological Studies in Language. 121: 31–58. doi:10.1075/tsl.121.01ble.
Bibliography
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ian Maddieson (1984). Patterns of Sounds. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-26536-3.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19815-6.
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