Latin alpha
Template:Short description Template:Hatnote group Template:Infobox grapheme
Latin alpha (majuscule: Ɑ, minuscule: ɑ), script a, or single-story a is a letter of the Latin alphabet based on a handwritten form of lowercase a, and which is commonly typeset with the Greek lowercase alpha (α).
Usage
Although ⟨ɑ⟩ is normally just an allograph of ⟨a⟩, there are instances in which the two letters are distinguished:
- In the International Phonetic Alphabet, Template:Angbr IPA represents an open back unrounded vowel, while Template:Angbr IPA represents an open front unrounded vowel. It has the shape of a script-a.
- Also in the General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages, ⟨Ɑ ɑ⟩ usually represents an open back unrounded vowel, while ⟨A a⟩ represents an open front unrounded vowel. The former is used in the orthographies of several languages of Cameroon, including:
- Feʼfeʼ[1][2]
- Mbembe[3]
- Mbo (?): but not Akoose, though it does have phonemes /aa/ and /ɑɑ/;[4] nor Bakaka.[5]
- in some languages, the script-a form (also called literacy form) of the letter ⟨A a⟩, with the lowercase much like the IPA ⟨ɑ⟩, is used and should not be confused with the Latin alpha ⟨Ɑ ɑ⟩ of the GACL; for example, in Muyang, the literacy ⟨A a⟩ represents an open-mid central unrounded vowel but it is not ⟨Ɑ ɑ⟩; the Latin alpha is not used.[6]
- In typography, it is sometimes referred to as the single-story a, to distinguish it from double-story a.
In Cameroon languages, lowercase ⟨ɑ⟩ is typeset as a lowercase Greek alpha to better differentiate it from the letter a in script or italic form. The capital is typically typeset as a large Latin script a.
Page Template:Mono/styles.css has no content.U+1D45 ᵅ Script error: No such module "Unicode data". is used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet.[7]
Page Template:Mono/styles.css has no content.U+AB30 ꬰ Script error: No such module "Unicode data". is used in the Teuthonista phonetic transcription system.[8]
Latin turned alpha is used in IPA
Page Template:Mono/styles.css has no content.U+AB64 ꭤ Script error: No such module "Unicode data". is used in Americanist phonetic notation.[9]
Typography
Encoding and forms
In Unicode, "Latin alpha" (File:Latin uppercase alpha.svgFile:Latin lowercase alpha.svg) and "Latin script a" (File:Latin uppercase script a.svgFile:Latin lowercase script a.svg) are considered to be the same character, which has an uppercase and a lowercase form and is referred to as "Latin letter alpha".
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See also
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- Latin turned alpha
- G, which also has two distinct minuscule forms
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Priest, Lorna A.; Constable, Peter G. (2005). "Proposal to Encode Additional Latin Phonetic and Orthographic Characters" (PDF). Retrieved March 17, 2013.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."L'alphabet camerounais leçon 1.2" (in French). Retrieved March 17, 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.EYOH, Julius A.; Echebi Emmanuel SANDAMU (2009). "Mbembe Orthography Guide". Retrieved March 17, 2013.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.HEDINGER, Robert (2011). "Akoose". Retrieved March 17, 2013.
Among the short vowels the two a-sounds and the two o-sounds are in complementary distribution and therefore do not have to be distinguished in the orthography. However, there is a problem in the long vowels where the two pairs of sounds distinguish between distinct words. Up to now they have not been distinguished and it seems this doesn't cause any problem to readers.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.SPIELMANN, Kent (1998). "Mkaa' Orthography Review (Bakaka)". Retrieved March 17, 2013.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.SMITH, Tony (2001). "Alphabet et orthographe Muyang" (in French). Retrieved March 17, 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Everson, Michael; et al. (2002-03-20). "L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS" (PDF).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Everson, Michael; Dicklberger, Alois; Pentzlin, Karl; Wandl-Vogt, Eveline (2011-06-02). "L2/11-202: Revised proposal to encode "Teuthonista" phonetic characters in the UCS" (PDF).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Schneidemesser, Luanne von; et al. (2012-07-31). "L2/12-266: Proposal for Two Phonetic Characters" (PDF).
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