Thawb
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| Type | Robe |
|---|---|
| Material | Polyester fabric, wool or cotton |
| Place of origin | Arabian Peninsula, Levant, North Africa |
A thawb,[a][b] also known as a dishdashah[c] or a kandura[d] in other varieties of Arabic, is a garment traditionally worn by men in the Arab world. It is a long-sleeved, ankle-length robe that has regional variations in name and style.[1] It can be worn in formal or informal settings, depending on the social and cultural norms in question; thawbs are the main formal attire for men in Saudi Arabia.[2] Outside of the Arab world, the garment has been adopted in a number of Muslim-majority areas, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, where it is commonly referred to as a jubbah[3][4][5] and is frequently worn by those who regard it as sunnah (i.e., something practiced, spoken, or observed by Muhammad, the founding Islamic prophet) due to its modest appearance.[6]
Etymology
The word thawb (Script error: No such module "Lang".) is a Standard Arabic word for "dress" or "garment". It is also romanized as thobe or thaub or thob.[7]
Name by locality
| Region/country | Language | Main |
|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Bahrain, Qatar, Palestine | Hejazi Arabic, Yemeni Arabic, Najdi Arabic, Bahraini Arabic, Palestinian Arabic | Thawb/Thōb (Script error: No such module "Lang".) |
| Levant, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Khuzestan, Yemen (Hadhramaut) | Hadhrami Arabic, Levantine Arabic, Mesopotamian Arabic, Omani Arabic, Kuwaiti Arabic, Ahvazi Arabic | Dishdashah (Script error: No such module "Lang".) |
| United Arab Emirates, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Southeast Asia | Emirati Arabic, Moroccan Arabic, Algerian Arabic, Tunisian Arabic, Libyan Arabic | Kandūrah (Script error: No such module "Lang".)/ Gandūrah (Script error: No such module "Lang".) |
Regional variations
The thawb is commonly worn by men in the Arabian Peninsula. It is normally made with polyester fabric, but heavier materials such as sheep's wool can also be used, especially in colder climates in the Levant.[8] The style of the thawb varies between regions. In Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant, and Oman, dishdashah is the most common word for the garment; in the United Arab Emirates and the Maghreb, the word kandura is used. In Pakistan and other parts of the sub-continent, it is often to referred to as a 'Jubbah' and designed in an ornate style in keeping with local traditions.[9]
Arabian Peninsula
In the Arabian Peninsula, thobes are typically made with white or beige polymer fabric, with coloured wool thobes worn in the winter months.[10] Thobes are commonly worn by men and are considered symbols of national and cultural identity, and are appropriate attire for formal occasions and religious ceremonies. In recent years, the thobes have become a popular fashion item, with many fashion designers adding their own modern twists to the traditional garment.[11]
Thawb sleeves and collars can be stiffened to give a more formal appearance, front pockets and embroidery could be added, and placket buttons can be covered, exposed, or replaced by zippers.[12] In the UAE and Oman, men's thobes have no collar, use frog closures as placket fasteners, and include tassels;[13] in Oman, tassels tend to be short, and in the UAE tassels extend to the waist.[14][15]
Cultural significance
A thawb is sometimes worn with a bisht (Script error: No such module "Lang".), also known in other parts of the Arabian Peninsula as a mishlah (Script error: No such module "Lang".) or ʿabāʾ (Script error: No such module "Lang".), meaning 'cloak'. It is usually worn on ceremonial occasions or by officials. A bisht is usually worn by religious clergy, but can also be worn at weddings, Eids, and funerals. It may indicate wealth and royalty or sometimes a religious position. It was originally manufactured in Syria, Iraq, and Jordan, and it is usually worn in the Arabian Peninsula, Jordan, Syria, and parts of southern Iraq.
See also
Notes
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- ^ alternatively spelled thobe, thaub, or thob
- ^ Template:Langx; Script error: No such module "IPA".
- ^ Template:Langx; Script error: No such module "IPA".
- ^ Template:Langx; Script error: No such module "IPA".
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Campbell, Kay Hardy; Corman, Leela (March–April 2016). "The Gown That Steals Your Heart". Aramco World. 67 (2): 24–25.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Saudi instructs overseas officials to wear national dress". Arabian Business. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."What was Prophet Muhammad's dress like?". Islam QA. 29 August 2012.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Men, Thobes. "Men Thobes Uk". MenThobesUk.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The journey of Sufism in India". Times of India.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Is the Jubbah a Sunnah? (Darul Uloom Beodand)". Darul Ifta, Darul Uloom Deoband.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.admin (2023-02-02). "Everything You Need To Know About Thobes | Thobe Encyclopaedia". Al-Aniq. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jirousek, Charlotte (2004). "Islamic Clothing". Art, Design, and Visual Thinking. Charlotte Jirousek. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Thobes and Jubbahs from around the World". AZAARYA. 2024-11-13. Retrieved 2024-11-13.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nazaqat, Umair. "Polyester vs Cotton Thobes". newarabia.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martinez, Aisa (2017). "Omani Men's National Dress: Displaying Personal Taste, Asserting National Identity". Ars Orientalis. 47: 303–332. doi:10.3998/ars.13441566.0047.013.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Al Thawb. "Why the Middle Eastern Thawb is Comfortable and Should be in Every Wardrobe". AlThawb.co.uk.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Thobe Company (18 April 2024). "Emirati Thobes: A symbol of UAE's rich cultural heritage". thobecompany.com.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Men Thobes USA. "MEN THOBES USA -Islamic Clothing in USA". menthobes.us.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martinez, Aisa (2017). "Omani Men's National Dress: Displaying Personal Taste, Asserting National Identity". Ars Orientalis. 47: 303–332. doi:10.3998/ars.13441566.0047.013.
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