Triple metre
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Template:Short description
Triple metre (US: Script error: No such module "Lang".; also known as triple time) is a musical metre characterised by a primary division of 3 beats to the bar, usually indicated by 3 (simple) or 9 (compound) in the upper figure of the time signature, with 3
4, 3
8 and 9
8 being the most common examples. In these signatures, beats form groups of three, establishing a triple meter feel in the music or song. The upper figure being divisible by three does not of itself indicate triple metre; for example, a time signature of 6
8 usually indicates compound duple metre, and similarly 12
8 usually indicates compound quadruple metre.
Shown below are a simple and a compound triple drum pattern.
<score sound="1" override_midi="Simple triple drum pattern.mid">
\new Staff <<
\new voice \relative c' {
\clef percussion
\numericTimeSignature
\time 3/4
\set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 100
\stemDown \repeat volta 2 { g4 d' d }
}
\new voice \relative c {
\override NoteHead.style = #'cross
\stemUp \repeat volta 2 { a8[ a] a[ a] a[ a] }
}
>></score>
<score sound="1" override_midi="Compound triple drum pattern.mid"> \new Staff <<
\new voice \relative c' {
\clef percussion
\numericTimeSignature
\time 9/8
\set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4. = 80
\stemDown \repeat volta 2 { g4. d' d }
}
\new voice \relative c {
\override NoteHead.style = #'cross
\stemUp \repeat volta 2 { a8 a a a a a a a a }
}
>></score>
Stylistic differences
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". In popular music, the metre is most often quadruple,[1] but this does not mean that triple metre does not appear.
In jazz, this and other more adventurous metres have become more common since Dave Brubeck's album Time Out.[2][3][4] One noteworthy example of a jazz classic that employs triple metre is John Coltrane's version of "My Favorite Things".[5]
Triple time is common in formal dance styles, for example the sarabande, the minuet, the mazurka, the waltz and others.
Triple metre is rare in national anthems – the national anthems of Austria, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Greece, and the United States being notable exceptions.
Afro
Template:Main article Afro, a Cuban folkloric genre, is typically performed in triple metre using the batá drum.[6]
3-Step
Template:Main article The term " three-step" to refer to music was initially coined in the mid-2010s by gqom record producers (Sbucardo and Citizen Boy) to describe as well as another name for the South African genre, gqom due to its beat structure associated with triple metre. As the genre gained mainstream popularity and evolved, incorporating a wide range of music production techniques and more styles, other gqom record producers (Emo Kid, DJ Lag, Ben Myster and Menzi) introduced, pioneered and developed a distinct variation of gqom music between the late 2010s and early 2020s known as "3-step" (also referred to as 3 step, three-step, and other variants). The gqom subgenre is characterised by its gqom elements combined with triple metre and broken beat features. Producers frequently blend 3-step with other production styles and musical genres.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
Yoruba music
Template:Main article In Yoruba music, triple metre amongst other rhythms, creates a distinctive, flowing quality through a recurring cycle of three beats per measure. The rhythmic structure is commonly found in traditional Yoruba drum music and plays a significant role in shaping dance movements and ceremonial performances. Additionally, triple metre is evident in oríkì chants, where it enriches lyrical expression. Triple metre, in Yoruba music plays a crucial role in cultural and ceremonial contexts.[15][16][17][18][19][20]
See also
Sources
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Schroedl, Scott (2001). Play Drums Today!, p. 42. Hal Leonard. Template:ISBN.
- ^ May, Chris. "Dave Brubeck Quartet: Time Out" Script error: No such module "webarchive". All About Jazz December 15, 2011 Retrieved March 14, 2017
- ^ Lamb, Evelyn "Uncommon Time: What Makes Dave Brubeck's Unorthodox Jazz Stylings So Appealing?" Script error: No such module "webarchive". Scientific American December 11, 2012 Retrieved March 14, 2017
- ^ Smith, Hedrick; Hackel, Cliff "Brubeck's Trademark Style: Odd Time Signatures, Polyrhythms and Polytonality" Script error: No such module "webarchive". PBS:Rediscovering Dave Brubeck Released 16 December 2001 Retrieved March 14, 2017
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gary Giddins (22 October 1998). Visions of Jazz: The First Century. Oxford University Press. p. 485. ISBN 978-0-19-987953-3.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jackson, Greg (2010-07-22). Congas Full Circle. Inner3. ISBN 978-1-4537-1944-2.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Murphy, Ben (2016-01-05). "Gqom: A deeper look at South Africa's new generation of house". Fact Magazine. Archived from the original on 2024-05-20. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Weichenrieder, Philipp (2016-04-19). "Gqom-Musik aus Südafrika: Townships calling". Die Tageszeitung: taz (in Deutsch). ISSN 0931-9085. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Weichenrieder, Philipp (7 July 2016). "Soundtrack of the Townships: Gqom". Norient. Archived from the original on 2019-03-03. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Interview: DJ Lag is Firm on Taking Gqom To The Rest of the World - Okayplayer". OkayAfrica. Archived from the original on 2020-12-17. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sound, Radio Primavera (2019). "Gqom Fridays 1x06 Sgubhu and 3-step". Mixcloud. Archived from the original on 2024-07-27. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."PAM Meets Menzi: experiencing wildness at Le Guess Who?". PAM - Pan African Music. 2022-05-17. Archived from the original on 2022-05-17. Retrieved 2024-06-08.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Staff Reporter (2018-07-20). "The muted thump of Gqom Nation". The Mail & Guardian. Archived from the original on 2020-12-02. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."SA: DJ Lag shares Oke Oke single ahead of new album". Music In Africa. 2024-05-14. Archived from the original on 2024-05-23. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kubik, Gerhard (2010-08-27). Theory of African Music, Volume II. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-45695-9.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Liverpool, Hollis (2001). Rituals of Power and Rebellion: The Carnival Tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763-1962. Research Associates School Times. ISBN 978-0-948390-80-7.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Waterman, Christopher Alan (1990-06-15). Juju: A Social History and Ethnography of an African Popular Music. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-87465-4.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Roberts, John Storm (1998). Black Music of Two Worlds: African, Caribbean, Latin, and African-American Traditions. Schirmer Books. ISBN 978-0-02-864929-0.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Feldman, Heidi Carolyn (2006). Black Rhythms of Peru: Reviving African Musical Heritage in the Black Pacific. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 978-0-8195-6814-4.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Chernoff, John Miller (1979). African Rhythm and African Sensibility: Aesthetics and Social Action in African Musical Idioms. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10344-0.
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