United Nations Development Fund for Women

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United Nations Development Fund for Women
AbbreviationUNIFEM
Merged intoUN Women
Parent organization
United Nations

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Template:United Nations series The United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM; Template:Langx;[1] Template:LangxLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.) was established in December 1976 originally as the Voluntary Fund for the United Nations Decade for Women in the International Women's Year. Its first director was Margaret C. Snyder. UNIFEM provided financial and technical assistance to innovative programmes and strategies that promoted women's human rights, political participation and economic security. Since 1976 it supported women's empowerment and gender equality through its programme offices and links with women's organizations in the major regions of the world. Its work on gender responsive budgets began in 1996 in Southern Africa and expanded to include East Africa, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central America and the Andean region. It worked to increase awareness throughout the UN system of gender-responsive budgets as a tool to strengthen economic governance in all countries. In 2011, UNIFEM merged with some other smaller entities to become UN Women.

About

File:La Asamblea Nacional, el Fondo de Población de las Naciones Unidas (UNFPA) y el Fondo de Desarrollo de las Naciones Unidas para la Mujer (UNIFEM) firmaron un convenio de cooperación interinstitucional (4421190238).jpg
2010 meeting in Ecuador

UNIFEM was an autonomous organization working closely with the UN Development Programme (UNDP), although the resolution also specified that the fund's resources should supplement, not substitute for, the responsibilities of other United Nations development cooperation agencies.[2]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. UNIFEM helped fund projects that aided women and their families.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. UNIFEM developed a strategy of aiding women to become their "own agents for change rather than recipients of charity."Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. UNIFEM also helped to ensure that UN programmes followed guidelines developed by the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW).[3] UNIFEM was also involved in recognizing women's rights as human rights.[4] It advocated gender equality around the world.[4] UNIFEM also saw women's rights as an issue of peace and security.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

UNIFEM operated on a budget of voluntary contributions to the organization.[5] The organization was based in New York City.[6] Different countries and regions had their own committees within UNIFEM.[7] UNIFEM was one of the smaller agencies at the UN and was situated lower in the UN hierarchy, according to Canadian politician Stephen Lewis.[8]

History

The First World Conference on Women in 1975 influenced the creation of UNIFEM.[4] World governments saw the need to put resources into dealing with women's issues after the First Conference.[5] The United Nations Voluntary Fund for the Decade for Women (UNVFDW) was established by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1976 right after the conference.[9][4] Margaret Snyder started working as the leader of the organization in 1978.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

1980s

The UNVFDW was given an expanded mandate by the General Assembly in February 1985, when it became the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM).[6] Under resolution 39/125, the new fund was called on to support and advocate for innovative and catalytic activities that would give voice and visibility to the women of the developing world.

Funding for UNIFEM projects doubled in size between 1985 and 1988.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

1990s

In the 1990s, UNIFEM became involved in broadening its scope.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. The organization began a campaign to define "women's rights as human rights" and how violence against women was also an economic development issue.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. UNIFEM hired researchers such as Roxanna Carrillo to demonstrate how violence against women was linked to a lack of women's access to economic opportunity.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. The campaign for "women's rights as human rights" was especially effective.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. UNIFEM began working on projects to reduce gender-based violence and also to raise awareness of the problem.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

Also in the 1990s, African Women in Crisis (AFWIC) was created by UNIFEM to focus on issues facing people in Africa.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. AFWIC helped women who were displaced due to violence or emergencies in their own countries.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. AFWIC expanded on work begun by Laketch Dirasse in East Africa.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

The work of UNIFEM helped shape the issues addressed at the Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Women at the conference decided that it was important that they "claim formal power to directly shape public policy".Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

UNIFEM created a trust fund to help support twenty-three projects to combat gender-based violence and war crimes against women.[10]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. The fund began funding projects in 1997.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

2000s

UNIFEM was granted "executing agency status" by UNDP in 2000.[11] This allowed the organization to complete and work on projects for UNDP that related to women's rights and gender equality.[11]

UNIFEM released a new biennial report, Progress of the World's Women in 2001.[11] The report outlined what UNIFEM had achieved in previous decades.[11] Also in 2001, in conjunction with International Alert, UNIFEM launched the Millennium Peace Prize for Women.[12]

Noeleen Heyzer, head of UNIFEM, asked for the creation of an international commission on violence against women.[13]

On January 26, 2006, UNIFEM nominated Nicole Kidman as its goodwill ambassador.[14]

The last executive director of UNIFEM was Inés Alberdi.[15]

2010s

In January 2011, UNIFEM was merged into UN Women,Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.[16] a composite entity of the UN, with International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women (INSTRAW), Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues (OSAGI), and Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW).

Executive directors

Executive directors of the organization have been:[17]

Nr Director From country Term
4. Inés Alberdi Template:Flagcountry 2007–2014
3. Noeleen Heyzer Template:Flagcountry 1994–2007
2. Sharon Capeling-Alakija Template:Flagcountry 1989–1994
1. Margaret C. Snyder Template:Flagcountry 1978–1989

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Nicole Kidman, Ambassadrice de Bonne Volonté Pour l'Unifem, Devant Le Congrès Américain". Le Monde. 23 October 2009. Retrieved 27 June 2020 – via EBSCOhost.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Service, UN-NGLS Non-Governmental Liaison. "UN-NGLS Publications: NGLS Handbook". www.un-ngls.org. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hintjens, Helen (November 2008). "UNIFEM, CEDAW and the Human Rights-based Approach: Assessment: UNIFEM, CEDAW and the Human Rights-based Approach". Development and Change. 39 (6): 1181–1192. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7660.2008.00513.x. hdl:1765/17998.
  4. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stange, Mary Zeiss; Oyster, Carol K.; Sloan, Jane E. (2011-02-23). Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World. SAGE. p. 1496. ISBN 978-1-4129-7685-5.
  5. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Shahani, Leticia Ramos (2004). "The UN, Women, and Development: The World Conferences on Women". In Fraser, Arvonne S.; Tinker, Irene (eds.). Developing Power: How Women Transformed International Development. New York: The Feminist Press. pp. 30–31. ISBN 1-55861-485-0. OCLC 56214177 – via Internet Archive.
  6. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNIFEM--United Nations Development Fund for Women". Women's International Network News. 24 (3): 3. Summer 1998 – via EBSCOhost.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stewart, Randa (1994). "UNIFEM Vows to Empower Women in Developing Countries". Herizons. 8 (1): 11 – via EBSCOhost.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Heartfield, Kate (2006-01-09). "To Get Women's Voices Into the UN, Start at the Top". The Ottawa Citizen. p. 12. Retrieved 2020-06-27 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ United Nations General Assembly Session 31 Resolution 133. A/RES/31/133 Script error: No such module "auto date formatter".. Retrieved Script error: No such module "auto date formatter"..
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNIFEM Launches Trust Fund to Eliminate Violence against Women". Women's International Network News. 24 (2): 35. Spring 1998 – via EBSCOhost.
  11. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNIFEM Biennial Report: Progress of the World's Women 2000". Women's International Network News. 37 (1): 3. Winter 2001 – via EBSCOhost.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bell, Imogen, ed. (2003). Central and South-Eastern Europe 2004. Regional Surveys of the World (4th ed.). Europa Publications. p. 699. ISBN 9781857431865.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNIFEM: Director Heyzer Calls for Commission on Violence". Women's International Network News. 29 (3): 4. Summer 2003 – via EBSCOhost.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.BBC (2006-01-26). "Kidman becomes ambassador for UN". BBC. Retrieved 2009-02-02.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.UNIFEM (2008). "Inés Alberdi Appointed as UNIFEM Executive Director". Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNDG Members". Archived from the original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved May 15, 2012.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNIFEM is now UN Women". www.unifem.org. Retrieved 30 October 2017.

Sources

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