Vickers–Berthier
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| Vickers–Berthier | |
|---|---|
| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. | |
| Type | Light machine gun |
| Place of origin | France/United Kingdom[1] |
| Service history | |
| Used by | See users |
| Wars | Chaco War Spanish Civil War World War II |
| Production history | |
| Designer | André Virgile Paul Marie Berthier |
| Designed | 1910 (first version) 1925 (Vickers-Berthier) |
| Manufacturer | Vickers-Armstrong, Rifle Factory Ishapore |
| Produced | 1933-1942Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 24.4 lb (11.1 kg) |
| Length | 45.5 in (1.156 m) |
| Calibre | .303 British, 7.65×53mm Mauser |
| Action | Gas-operated, tilting breech-block |
| Rate of fire | 450-600 round/min |
| Muzzle velocity | 2,450 ft/s (745 m/s) |
| Feed system | 30 rounds box magazine |
| Sights | Iron |
The Vickers–Berthier (VB) is a light machine gun that was produced by the British company Vickers-Armstrong. It was adopted by the British Indian Army and saw combat during World War II.
History
Berthier machine gun
The Vickers–Berthier was based on a French design of just before World War I. It was proposed for use with infantry as Fusil Mitrailleur Berthier Modèle 1910, Modèle 1911, Modèle 1912, Modèle 1916 and Modèle 1920.[2] It was also proposed in 1918 to US Army which finally refused it.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. A later version, the Fusil Mitrailleur Berthier Modèle 1922 from Manufacture d'armes de Châtellerault, competed for the replacement of the Chauchat LMG in the French army but the Fusil Mitrailleur modèle 1924 was adopted.[1]
Vickers–Berthier machine gun
In 1925 Vickers in Britain purchased the licence rights of the Berthier Model 1922[1] for production in their Crayford factory, and as a replacement for the Lewis gun. It was an alternative to the water-cooled Vickers machine gun made by the same company.[3] The weapon used a gas and tipping bolt mechanism similar to the Bren light machine gun, was air-cooled like the Bren and also like the Bren had a removable barrel. It was adopted by the Indian Army in 1933.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. During the British Army trials of several light machine guns which began in 1932, the Vickers–Berthier was in direct competition with the ZB vz. 26. The British Army adopted the latter, modified and known as the Bren light machine gun, and the Vickers–Berthier was adopted by the Indian Army.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. A production line for the Vickers–Berthier Light Machine-Gun Mk 3 was established at the Rifle Factory Ishapore.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
Appearance and design
The Vickers–Berthier Light Machine Gun has a 30-round box magazine and a bipod stand, and is sometimes mistaken for the Bren as both used a similar curved magazine to accommodate the rimmed .303 British cartridge.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
It was slightly heavier, at 24 pounds (11 kg), than the Bren's 22 lb (10.0 kg). It was also slightly longer, and harder to stow away. The Vickers–Berthier also had a slower cyclic rate of 500 rpm.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. The only major advantage the weapon had over the Bren was the far simpler design; it could be produced more efficiently.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
It existed in five versions : Mk I, Mk II, Mk II light, Mk III and Mk IIIB.[4] Mark 1 was introduced in 1928, Mark 2 in 1931 and Mark 3 in 1933.[5]
Use
Apart from India, it was sold only to Latvia and Bolivia,Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. but the design was modified into the Vickers K machine gun (also use called the Vickers Gas Operated (VGO)).Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
In Indian service, it was replaced from 1942 by BrensLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. but continued to serve with reserve units of the Indian Army into the 1980s.[1]
Users
- File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia[6]
- File:British Raj Red Ensign.svg British IndiaLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
- File:Flag of India.svg IndiaLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
- File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia:[7] Vickers–Berthier Mk I, more than 800 by April 1936[8][9]
- File:Flag of Paraguay (1842–1954).svg Paraguay: Captured from Bolivia[6]
- File:Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal: small numbers bought,[1] known as m/931Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
- Template:Flagicon Kingdom of Spain: small numbers bought[1]
- Template:Country data Spanish Republic: 322 sold by Paraguay in 1936[6]
- File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg United Kingdom: limited use[8]
- File:Flag of the Taliban.svg Afghanistan: Used by Taliban[citation needed]
Failed bids
- File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania: Vickers–Berthier gun was tested in 1927-1928, without successLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
- File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece: Tested by Greek Army in 1925, which chose Hotchkiss machine gun insteadLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
References
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- ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lorain, Pierre (September 1980). "Le F. M. Berthier 1908–1922: II. L'arme de guerre". La Gazette des armes (in français). No. 85. pp. 17–20. Archived from the original on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lorain, Pierre (July 1980). "Le F.M. Berthier 1908-1922". La Gazette des armes (in français). No. 84. pp. 34–38. Archived from the original on 1 December 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Vickers LMG". Forgotten Weapons.com. 2 March 2011.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Davie, Don. "Vickers-Berthier and VGO Machine Guns". acant.org.au. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Popenker, Maxim (27 October 2010). "Vickers-Berthier". modernfirearms.net. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Alejandro de Quesada (20 November 2011). The Chaco War 1932-35: South America's greatest modern conflict. Osprey Publishing. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-84908-901-2.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Drēziņš, Artis (9 November 2012). "Latvijas valsts armija gadu griežos". la.lv (in latviešu). Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Davie, Don. "More on the Vickers-Berthier". acant.org.au. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dambītis, Kārlis (2016). Latvijas armijas artilērija 1919.-1940.g.: Vieta bruņotajos spēkos, struktūra un uzdevumi [Artillery of the Latvian Army (1918–1940): structure, tasks and place in the Armed forces] (PhD thesis). University of Latvia. p. 225.
Bibliography
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bishop, Chris (1998). The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II. New York: MetroBooks. ISBN 1-58663-762-2.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Grant, Jonathan A (2018). Between Depression and Disarmament: The International Armaments Business, 1919–1939. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108552721. ISBN 9781108428354.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Grant, Neil (2013). The Bren Gun. Weapon 22. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1782000822.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Smith, Joseph E. (1969). Small Arms of the World (9th ed.). Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: The Stackpole Company. ISBN 0-8117-1566-3.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Willbanks, James H. (2004). Machine Guns: An Illustrated History of Their Impact. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-480-6.
External links
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- "Rifle-Machine Gun Increases Efficiency of Infantry" Popular Mechanics, December 1930 early article with photos of first Vickers–Berthier
- Berthier's patents for twin machine guns : Page Template:Citation/styles.css has no content.US 1446635, Page Template:Citation/styles.css has no content.FR 515677, Page Template:Citation/styles.css has no content.GB 143529
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