APEX1
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Template:Short description Lua error in Module:Infobox_gene at line 53: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the APEX1 gene.
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites (also called "abasic sites") occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication. All cells, from simple prokaryotes to humans, have evolved systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site, thereby initiating a process known as base excision repair (BER). The APEX1 gene (alternatively named APE1, HAP1, APEN) encodes the major AP endonuclease in human cells. Splice variants have been found for this gene; all encode the same protein.[1]
Interactions
APEX1 has been shown to interact with MUTYH,[2] Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1[3] and XRCC1.[4]
Aging
Deficiency of APEX1 causes accummulation of DNA damage leading to both cellular senescence and features of premature aging.[5] This finding is consistent with the theory that DNA damage is a primary cause of aging.[6]
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Entrez Gene: APEX1 APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parker A, Gu Y, Mahoney W, Lee SH, Singh KK, Lu AL (February 2001). "Human homolog of the MutY repair protein (hMYH) physically interacts with proteins involved in long patch DNA base excision repair". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (8): 5547–55. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008463200. PMID 11092888.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dianova II, Bohr VA, Dianov GL (October 2001). "Interaction of human AP endonuclease 1 with flap endonuclease 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen involved in long-patch base excision repair". Biochemistry. 40 (42): 12639–44. doi:10.1021/bi011117i. PMID 11601988.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Vidal AE, Boiteux S, Hickson ID, Radicella JP (November 2001). "XRCC1 coordinates the initial and late stages of DNA abasic site repair through protein-protein interactions". The EMBO Journal. 20 (22): 6530–9. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.22.6530. PMC 125722. PMID 11707423.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Li M, Yang X, Lu X, Dai N, Zhang S, Cheng Y, et al. (June 2018). "APE1 deficiency promotes cellular senescence and premature aging features". Nucleic Acids Research. 46 (11): 5664–5677. doi:10.1093/nar/gky326. PMC 6009672. PMID 29750271.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gensler HL, Bernstein H (September 1981). "DNA damage as the primary cause of aging". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 56 (3): 279–303. doi:10.1086/412317. PMID 7031747. S2CID 20822805.
Further reading
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- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mol CD, Hosfield DJ, Tainer JA (August 2000). "Abasic site recognition by two apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease families in DNA base excision repair: the 3' ends justify the means". Mutation Research. 460 (3–4): 211–29. doi:10.1016/s0921-8777(00)00028-8. PMID 10946230.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fritz G (September 2000). "Human APE/Ref-1 protein". The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 32 (9): 925–9. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(00)00045-5. PMID 11084372.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fritz G, Grösch S, Tomicic M, Kaina B (November 2003). "APE/Ref-1 and the mammalian response to genotoxic stress". Toxicology. 193 (1–2): 67–78. doi:10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00290-7. PMID 14599768.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tell G, Damante G, Caldwell D, Kelley MR (2005). "The intracellular localization of APE1/Ref-1: more than a passive phenomenon?". Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 7 (3–4): 367–84. doi:10.1089/ars.2005.7.367. hdl:1805/4802. PMID 15706084.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hung RJ, Hall J, Brennan P, Boffetta P (November 2005). "Genetic polymorphisms in the base excision repair pathway and cancer risk: a HuGE review". American Journal of Epidemiology. 162 (10): 925–42. doi:10.1093/aje/kwi318. PMID 16221808.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dyrkheeva NS, Khodyreva SN, Lavrik OI (2007). "[Multifunctional human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1: the role of additional functions]". Molekuliarnaia Biologiia. 41 (3): 450–66. PMID 17685223.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Harrison L, Ascione G, Menninger JC, Ward DC, Demple B (December 1992). "Human apurinic endonuclease gene (APE): structure and genomic mapping (chromosome 14q11.2-12)". Human Molecular Genetics. 1 (9): 677–80. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.9.677. PMID 1284593.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cheng XB, Bunville J, Patterson TA (January 1992). "Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA for an apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease from HeLa cells". Nucleic Acids Research. 20 (2): 370. doi:10.1093/nar/20.2.370. PMC 310384. PMID 1371347.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Xanthoudakis S, Miao G, Wang F, Pan YC, Curran T (September 1992). "Redox activation of Fos-Jun DNA binding activity is mediated by a DNA repair enzyme". The EMBO Journal. 11 (9): 3323–35. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05411.x. PMC 556867. PMID 1380454.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zhao B, Grandy DK, Hagerup JM, Magenis RE, Smith L, Chauhan BC, Henner WD (August 1992). "The human gene for apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (HAP1): sequence and localization to chromosome 14 band q12". Nucleic Acids Research. 20 (15): 4097–8. doi:10.1093/nar/20.15.4097. PMC 334100. PMID 1380694.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Robson CN, Hochhauser D, Craig R, Rack K, Buckle VJ, Hickson ID (September 1992). "Structure of the human DNA repair gene HAP1 and its localisation to chromosome 14q 11.2-12". Nucleic Acids Research. 20 (17): 4417–21. doi:10.1093/nar/20.17.4417. PMC 334166. PMID 1383925.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Seki S, Hatsushika M, Watanabe S, Akiyama K, Nagao K, Tsutsui K (July 1992). "cDNA cloning, sequencing, expression and possible domain structure of human APEX nuclease homologous to Escherichia coli exonuclease III". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1131 (3): 287–99. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(92)90027-w. PMID 1627644.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Robson CN, Hickson ID (October 1991). "Isolation of cDNA clones encoding a human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease that corrects DNA repair and mutagenesis defects in E. coli xth (exonuclease III) mutants". Nucleic Acids Research. 19 (20): 5519–23. doi:10.1093/nar/19.20.5519. PMC 328951. PMID 1719477.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Demple B, Herman T, Chen DS (December 1991). "Cloning and expression of APE, the cDNA encoding the major human apurinic endonuclease: definition of a family of DNA repair enzymes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (24): 11450–4. Bibcode:1991PNAS...8811450D. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.24.11450. PMC 53153. PMID 1722334.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Okazaki T, Chung U, Nishishita T, Ebisu S, Usuda S, Mishiro S, Xanthoudakis S, Igarashi T, Ogata E (November 1994). "A redox factor protein, ref1, is involved in negative gene regulation by extracellular calcium". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (45): 27855–62. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)46865-2. PMID 7961715.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Akiyama K, Seki S, Oshida T, Yoshida MC (September 1994). "Structure, promoter analysis and chromosomal assignment of the human APEX gene". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1219 (1): 15–25. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(94)90241-0. PMID 8086453.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (April 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Chung U, Igarashi T, Nishishita T, Iwanari H, Iwamatsu A, Suwa A, Mimori T, Hata K, Ebisu S, Ogata E, Fujita T, Okazaki T (April 1996). "The interaction between Ku antigen and REF1 protein mediates negative gene regulation by extracellular calcium". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (15): 8593–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.15.8593. PMID 8621488.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rothwell DG, Hickson ID (November 1996). "Asparagine 212 is essential for abasic site recognition by the human DNA repair endonuclease HAP1". Nucleic Acids Research. 24 (21): 4217–21. doi:10.1093/nar/24.21.4217. PMC 146231. PMID 8932375.
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External links
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