ASP.NET

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ASP.NET (software)
[[Programmer|DeveloperTemplate:Pluralize from text]]Microsoft, Scott Guthrie
Initial releaseJanuary 5, 2002; 24 years ago (2002-01-05)
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Written in.NET languages
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Operating systemMicrosoft Windows, Linux, macOS
Platform.NET Framework
TypeWeb framework
LicenseProprietary software[1]
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ASP.NET (file format)
Filename extension.aspx, .asmx, .aspc,[3] .cshtml, .vbhtml
Internet media typeTemplate:Monodiv
Developed byMicrosoft

ASP.NET is a server-side web-application framework designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It was developed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build dynamic web sites, applications and services. The name stands for Active Server Pages Network Enabled Technologies.[citation needed]

ASP.NET was first announced to the public under the codename ASP+, and is a re-implementation of Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) technology.[3] ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET language.[4] The ASP.NET SOAP extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages.

In 2016, Microsoft released ASP.NET Core as ASP.NET's successor. This new version is a re-implementation of ASP.NET as a modular web framework, together with other frameworks like Entity Framework. The new framework uses the new open-source .NET Compiler Platform (codename "Roslyn") and is cross platform. ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only Razor pages) have merged into a unified MVC (model–view–controller) 6.[5]

Programming models

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". ASP.NET supports a number of programming models for building web applications:[6]

  • ASP.NET Web Forms – A framework for building modular pages out of components, with UI events being processed server-side. This framework is not included in the ASP.NET Core versions; it only works in the "classic" ASP.NET, on Windows.
  • ASP.NET MVC – allows building web pages using the model–view–controller design pattern.
  • ASP.NET Web Pages – A lightweight syntax for adding dynamic code and data access directly inside HTML markup.[7]
  • ASP.NET Web API – A framework for building Web APIs on top of the .NET Framework.[8]
  • ASP.NET WebHooks – Implements the Webhook pattern for subscribing to and publishing events via HTTP.
  • SignalR – A real-time communications framework for bi-directional communication between client and server.

Other ASP.NET extensions include:

  • ASP.NET Handler – Components that implement the System.Web.IHttpHandler interface. Unlike ASP.NET Pages, they have no HTML-markup file, no events and other supporting. All they have is a code-file (written in any .NET-compatible language) that writes some data to the server HTTP response. HTTP handlers are similar to ISAPI extensions.
  • ASP.NET AJAX – An extension with both client-side as well as server-side components for writing ASP.NET pages that incorporate Ajax functionality.
  • ASP.NET Dynamic Data – A scaffolding extension to build data driven web applications.

IIS integrated pipeline

ASP.NET integration with IIS

On IIS 6.0 and lower, pages written using different versions of the ASP framework cannot share session state without the use of third-party libraries. This does not apply to ASP.NET and ASP applications running side by side on IIS 7. With IIS 7.0, modules may be run in an integrated pipeline that allows modules written in any language to be executed for any request.[9]

Third-party frameworks

It is not essential to use the standard Web forms development model when developing with ASP.NET. Noteworthy frameworks designed for the platform include:

Versions

ASP.NET's release history tightly correlates with the .NET Framework releases:

Date Version Remarks New ASP.NET related features
January 16, 2002 Unsupported: 1.0Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. First version

released together with Visual Studio .NET

  • Object-oriented Web application development supporting inheritance, polymorphism and other standard OOP features
    • Developers are no longer forced to use Server.CreateObject(...), so early-binding and type safety are possible.
  • Based on Windows programming; the developer can make use of DLL class libraries and other features of the Web server to build more robust applications that do more than simply rendering HTML (e.g., exception handling)
April 24, 2003 Unsupported: 1.1Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. released together with Windows Server 2003

released together with Visual Studio .NET 2003

  • Mobile controls
  • Automatic input validation
November 7, 2005 Unsupported: 2.0Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content.

codename Whidbey
released together with Visual Studio 2005 and Visual Web Developer Express
and SQL Server 2005

  • New data controls (GridView, FormView, DetailsView)
  • New technique for declarative data access (SqlDataSource, ObjectDataSource, XmlDataSource controls)
  • Navigation controls
  • Master pages
  • Login controls
  • Themes
  • Skins
  • Web parts
  • Personalization services
  • Full pre-compilation
  • New localization technique
  • Support for 64-bit processors
  • Provider class model
November 21, 2006 Unsupported: 3.0Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released with Windows Vista
November 19, 2007 Unsupported: 3.5Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released with Visual Studio 2008 and Windows Server 2008
  • New data controls (ListView, DataPager)
  • ASP.NET AJAX included as part of the framework
  • Support for HTTP pipelining and syndication feeds.
  • WCF support for RSS, JSON, POX and Partial Trust
  • All the .NET Framework 3.5 changes, like LINQ etc.
August 11, 2008 Unsupported: 3.5 Service Pack 1Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released with Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1
  • Incorporation of ASP.NET Dynamic Data
  • Support for controlling browser history in an ASP.NET AJAX application
  • Ability to combine multiple JavaScript files into one file for more efficient downloading
  • New namespaces System.Web.Abstractions and System.Web.Routing
April 12, 2010 Unsupported: 4.0Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released with Visual Studio 2010

Parallel extensions and other .NET Framework 4 features

The two new properties added in the Page class are MetaKeyword and MetaDescription.

August 15, 2012 Unsupported: 4.5Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released with Visual Studio 2012 and Windows Server 2012 for Windows 8

Parallel extensions and other .NET Framework 4.5 features

October 17, 2013 Unsupported: 4.5.1Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released with Visual Studio 2013[10] for Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1
May 5, 2014[11] Supported: 4.5.2Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content.
  • Higher reliability HTTP header inspection and modification methods
  • New way to schedule background asynchronous worker tasks
July 20, 2015[11] Supported: 4.6Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released[12] with Visual Studio 2015[13] and EF 7 Previews for Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10
  • HTTP/2 support when running on Windows 10
  • More async task-returning APIs
November 30, 2015[11] Supported: 4.6.1Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content.
August 2, 2016[11] Supported: 4.6.2Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content.
  • Improved async support (output-cache and session providers)
April 11, 2017[11] Supported: 4.7Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Included in the Windows 10 Creators Update[14]
  • operating system support for TLS protocols
October 17, 2017[11] Supported: 4.7.1Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Included in the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update.[15]
  • Improved accessibility
  • Value tuple types serialization
  • SHA-2 support
April 30, 2018[11] Supported: 4.7.2Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content.
August 09, 2022[11] Latest version: 4.8.1 Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. Released[16]
  • JIT and NGEN Improvements
  • Updated ZLib
  • Reducing FIPS Impact on Cryptography
  • Accessibility Enhancements for WinForms
  • Service Behavior Enhancements for WCF
  • High DPI Enhancements, UIAutomation Improvements for WPF
November 18, 2015 Unsupported: 5 RC1Page Template:Version/styles.css has no content. This version was later separated from ASP.NET and brought into a new project called ASP.NET Core, whose versioning started at 1.0.[17] An entirely new project with different development tenets and goals
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Future version
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Other implementations

The Mono Project supports "everything in .NET 4.7 except WPF, WWF, and with limited WCF and limited ASP.NET async stack."[18] ASP.NET can be run with Mono using one of three options: Apache hosting using the mod_mono module, FastCGI hosting, and XSP.

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Microsoft .NET Framework Redistributable EULA". MSDN. Microsoft. September 13, 2006. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.".net framework download page".
  3. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kinsman, Chris (July 2000). "Introduction to ASP+". DevX. Archived from the original on February 2, 2003. Retrieved August 13, 2025.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.MacDonald, Matthew; Szpuszta, Mario (2005). Pro ASP.NET 2.0 in C# 2005 (1st ed.). Apress. pp. 5–6. ISBN 1-59059-496-7. [...] ASP.NET pages and web services are executed within the CLR (common language runtime), so they can be authored in any language that has a CLR-compliant compiler. [...] ASP.NET gives you the ability to code in any supported .NET language (including Visual Basic, C#, J#, and many other languages that have third-party compilers).
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.FitzMacken, Tom (December 11, 2014). "ASP.NET 5 Overview". ASP.NET. Archived from the original on November 15, 2014.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Choose between ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core". Microsoft Docs. March 14, 2018. Archived from the original on May 9, 2018.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) FAQ". docs.microsoft.com.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mike, Wasson (September 30, 2022). "Get Started with ASP.NET Web API 2 (C#)". docs.microsoft.com.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."How to Take Advantage of the IIS 7.0 Integrated Pipeline". iis.net. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved January 26, 2009.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Announcing release of ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013".
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.".net framework product lifecycle".
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Announcing .NET Framework 4.6".
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Visual Studio 2015 and Visual Studio 2013 Update 5 Released". msdn.com. Microsoft. July 20, 2015.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Announcing the .NET Framework 4.7". April 5, 2017.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Announcing the .NET Framework 4.7.1". October 17, 2017.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Announcing the .NET Framework 4.8". April 18, 2019.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Releases". GitHub.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Compatibility". Mono. Retrieved August 13, 2025.

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