Merico language
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| Merico | |
|---|---|
| Americo-Liberian, American, Brokes English, Kwasai English, Waterside English, Water Street English | |
| Region | Liberia |
| Ethnicity | Americo-Liberians |
English Creole
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
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| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
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Merico or Americo-Liberian (or the informal colloquial name "American") is an English-based creole language spoken until recently in Liberia by Americo-Liberians, descendants of original settlers, freed slaves, and African Americans who emigrated from the United States between 1821 and the 1870s. It is distinguished from Liberian Kreyol and from Kru, and may be connected to Gullah and Jamaican Creole.[1]
The original settlers numbered 19,000 in 1860.[1] By 1975 the language was partly decreolized, restricted to informal settings.[1]
Grammatical features
Plurals are unmarked, as in Script error: No such module "Lang". "rock", "rocks", or marked with a Script error: No such module "Lang". suffix, as in Script error: No such module "Lang". "rocks". The verb expressing "to be" is Script error: No such module "Lang"., as in Script error: No such module "Lang". "she is small", but adjectives may be used without it, as in Script error: No such module "Lang". "he is big". Verbs are not inflected for past tense.[1]
Separate particles are used to indicate some verb tenses:[1]
- Script error: No such module "Lang". for negation (Script error: No such module "Lang". "I didn't ask the child"),
- Script error: No such module "Lang". or Script error: No such module "Lang". for continuing action (Script error: No such module "Lang". "he is talking at great length", Script error: No such module "Lang". "she is crying"),
- Script error: No such module "Lang". for future (Script error: No such module "Lang". "we will come"),
- Script error: No such module "Lang". or Script error: No such module "Lang". for completed action (Script error: No such module "Lang". "they have gone that way", Script error: No such module "Lang". "not a little piece was left")
The pronouns include:[1]
- Subject: Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang".
- Object: Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang".'
- Possessive: Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"./Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "Lang".
See also
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References
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- ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hancock, Ian F. (1975). "Some aspects of English in Liberia". In Dillard, Joey Lee (ed.). Perspectives on Black English. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 249–251. ISBN 978-90-279-7811-0. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
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