Nonane
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| Template:Longitem | 1696917 |
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| Template:Longitem | 240576 |
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| MeSH | nonane |
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| UNII | Script error: No such module "list". |
| UN number | 1920 |
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| Template:Longitem | Template:Chembox Elements/molecular formula |
| Molar mass | Template:Chem molar mass |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like |
| Density | 0.718 g/mL |
| Melting point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Boiling point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| log P | 5.293 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.59 kPa (at 25.0 °C) |
| Template:Longitem | 1.7 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| Template:Longitem | −108.13·10−6 cm3/mol |
| Template:Longitem | 1.405 |
| Template:Longitem | 284.34 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Template:Longitem | 393.67 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Template:Longitem | −275.7 – −273.7 kJ mol−1 |
| Template:Longitem | −6125.75 – −6124.67 kJ mol−1 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | Template:NFPA 704 diamond |
| Flash point | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Template:Longitem | Template:Chembox CalcTemperatures |
| Explosive limits | 0.87–2.9% |
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Nonane is a linear alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C9H20. It is a colorless, flammable liquid, occurring primarily in the component of the petroleum distillate fraction commonly called kerosene, which is used as a heating, tractor, and jet fuel.[4] Nonane is also used as a solvent, distillation chaser, fuel additive, and a component in biodegradable detergents.[5] It is also a minor component of diesel fuel.[6]
Nonane has 35 structural isomers.
Its substituent form is nonyl. Its cycloalkane counterpart is cyclononane, (C9H18).
Unlike most alkanes, the numeric prefix in its name is from Latin, not Greek. (A name using a Greek prefix would be enneane.)
Combustion reactions
Nonane undergoes combustion reactions that are similar to other alkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, nonane burns to form water and carbon dioxide.
When insufficient oxygen is available for complete combustion, the burning products include carbon monoxide.
- 2C9H20 + 19O2 → 18CO + 20H2O
See also
References
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- ↑ Health Council of the Netherlands: Committee on Updating of Occupational Exposure Limits. Nonane; Health-based Reassessment of Administrative Occupational Exposure Limits. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 2005; 2000/15OSH/155. http://www.gezondheidsraad.nl/sites/default/files/0015osh155.pdf Script error: No such module "webarchive".
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External links
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- MSDS at Oxford University
- List of isomers of nonane
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