39th United States Congress
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| 39th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
38th ← → 40th | |
| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. United States Capitol (1863) | |
March 4, 1865 – March 4, 1867 | |
| Members | 54 senators 193 representatives 9 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Republican |
| Senate President | Andrew Johnson (D/NU)[a] (until April 15, 1865) Vacant (from April 15, 1865) |
| House majority | Republican |
| House Speaker | Schuyler Colfax (R) |
| Sessions | |
| Special[b]: March 4, 1865 – March 11, 1865 1st: December 4, 1865 – July 28, 1866 2nd: December 3, 1866 – March 4, 1867 | |
The 39th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1865, to March 4, 1867, during Abraham Lincoln's final month as president, and the first two years of the administration of his successor, Andrew Johnson.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
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Major events
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- March 4, 1865: Second inauguration of President Abraham Lincoln.
- April 9, 1865: Surrender of Confederate forces at Appomattox Court House, effectively ending the American Civil War
- April 15, 1865: Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson became President of the United States
- December 11, 1865: Creation of the House Appropriations Committee and the House Banking and Commerce Committee, reducing the tasks of the House Ways and Means Committee
- January, 1866: The second and current United States Capitol dome completed after 11 years of work.
- July 24, 1866: Tennessee became the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
- November 5, 1866: United States House of Representatives elections, 1866
- January 8, 1867: African American men are granted the right to vote in the District of Columbia
Major legislation
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- April 9, 1866: Civil Rights Act of 1866, Sess. 1, ch. 31, 14 Stat. 27
- July 16, 1866: Freedmen's Bureau Bill, Sess. 1, ch. 200, 14 Stat. 173
- July 23, 1866: Judicial Circuits Act, Sess. 1, ch. 210, 14 Stat. 209, reduced the number of United States circuit courts to nine and the number of Supreme Court justices to seven
- July 23, 1866: District of Columbia Public Schools Act ("An Act relating to Public Schools in the District of Columbia"), Sess. 1, ch. 217, 14 Stat. 216
- July 25, 1866: An Act to revive the grade of General in the United States Army, Sess. 1, ch. 232, 14 Stat. 223, (now called "4-star general"); Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant became the first to have this rank.
- July 28, 1866: Metric Act of 1866, Sess. 1, ch. 301, 14 Stat. 339, legalized the use of the metric system for weights and measures in the United States.
- July 28, 1866: Washington City Colored Schools Lots Donation Act ("An Act donating certain Lots in the City of Washington for Schools for Colored Children in the District of Columbia"), Sess. 1, ch. 308, 14 Stat. 343
- March 2, 1867: Reconstruction Act, ch. 153, 14 Stat. 428 established five military districts, each headed by a general, in ten states of the former Confederate South (Tennessee excepted), and stipulates conditions for re-admission of these States into the Union.
- March 2, 1867: Tenure of Office Act, ch. 154, 14 Stat. 430 required the president to obtain the Senate's advice and consent to suspend or dismiss certain federal public officials (notably cabinet officers). Violation of this act will lead to the impeachment of Andrew Johnson by the next (40th) Congress in 1868.
Constitutional amendments
- December 18, 1865: Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution declared ratified
- June 13, 1866: Approved an amendment to the Constitution addressing citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification[1]
- Amendment was later ratified on July 9, 1868, becoming the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution[2]
States admitted
- July 24, 1866: Tennessee readmitted to representation.
- March 1, 1867: Nebraska admitted as the 37th state, sess. 2, ch. 36, 14 Stat. 391 (over president's veto)
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
During this Congress, two seats were added for the new state of Nebraska.
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (D) |
[[Republican Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (R) | [[Unionist politician (American Civil War)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (U) | [[Unconditional Unionist Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (UU) |
|||
| End of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|previous congress]] | 10 | 33 | 3 | 4 | 50 | 22 |
| Begin | 9 | 37 | 1 | 1 | 48 | 24 |
| End | 8 | 41 | 3 | 2 | 54 | 20 |
| Final voting share | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | ||
| Beginning of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|next congress]] | 8 | 45 | 0 | 0 | 53 | 21 |
House of Representatives
During this Congress, one seat was added for the new state of Nebraska.
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (D) |
[[Republican Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (R) | [[Independent Republican Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (IR) | [[Unionist politician (American Civil War)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (U) | [[Unconditional Unionist Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]] (UU) | Other |
|||
| End of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|previous congress]] | 72 | 84 | 2 | 9 | 16 | 0 | 183 | 56 |
| Begin | 40 | 132 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 183 | 59 |
| End | 39 | 135 | 4 | 13 | 192 | 51 | ||
| Final voting share | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | Script error: No such module "Percentage". | ||
| Beginning of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|next congress]] | 45 | 140 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2[c] | 188 | 55 |
Leadership
Andrew Johnson, until April 15, 1865
Senate
- President: Andrew Johnson (D), until April 15, 1865; vacant thereafter.
- President pro tempore: Lafayette S. Foster (R), until March 2, 1867
- Benjamin F. Wade (R), elected March 2, 1867
- Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony
House of Representatives
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.
Senate
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Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.
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House of Representatives
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The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
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Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- Replacements: 8
- Democratic: 2-seat net loss
- Republican: 2-seat net gain
- Unionist: no net change
- Unconditional Union: no net change
- Deaths: 4
- Resignations: 2
- Vacancy: 1
- Seats of newly admitted states: 2
- Seats of re-admitted states: 2
- Total seats with changes: 12
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|-
| Maryland (3)
| Vacant
| Sen. Thomas Hicks had died during previous congress.
Successor elected March 9, 1865.
| nowrap style="background:#ee99bb" | John Creswell (UU)
| March 9, 1865
|-
| New Jersey (2)
| Vacant
| Although elected in time for this Congress, the Senator-elect was not seated until March 15, 1865.
Senator was later removed in election dispute, see below.
| nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John P. Stockton (D)
| March 15, 1865
|-
| Tennessee (2)
| rowspan=2 | Vacant
| rowspan=2 | Tennessee re-admitted to the Union.
Senators were elected July 24, 1866.
| nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Joseph S. Fowler (U)
| July 24, 1866
|- | Tennessee (1) | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | David T. Patterson (U) | July 28, 1866
|-
| Iowa (3)
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James Harlan (R)
| Resigned May 15, 1865, after being appointed U.S. Secretary of the Interior.
Successor elected January 13, 1866.
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Samuel J. Kirkwood (R)
| January 13, 1866
|-
| Vermont (3)
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Jacob Collamer (R)
| Died November 9, 1865.
Successor was appointed November 21, 1865, to continue the term.
Appointee was elected October 24, 1866, to finish the term.[3]
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Luke P. Poland (R)
| November 21, 1865
|-
| New Jersey (2)
| nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John P. Stockton (D)
| Disputed election led to Senate vacating the seat March 27, 1866.
Successor elected September 19, 1866.
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alexander G. Cattell (R)
| September 19, 1866
|-
| Vermont (1)
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Solomon Foot (R)
| Died March 28, 1866.
Successor was appointed April 3, 1866, to continue the term.
Appointee was elected October 24, 1866, to finish the term.[3]
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George F. Edmunds (R)
| April 3, 1866
|-
| Kansas (2)
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Jim Lane (R)
| Died July 11, 1866, after being mortally wounded from a self-inflicted gunshot 10 days earlier
Successor was appointed July 19, 1866, to continue the term.
Appointee was elected January 23, 1867, to finish the term.[4]
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Edmund G. Ross (R)
| July 19, 1866
|-
| New Hampshire (3)
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Daniel Clark (R)
| Resigned July 27, 1866, after being appointed Judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of New Hampshire.
Successor was appointed August 31, 1866.
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | George G. Fogg (R)
| August 31, 1866
|-
| New Jersey (1)
| nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | William Wright (D)
| Died November 1, 1866.
Successor was appointed November 12, 1866.
Appointee was elected January 23, 1867, to finish the term.[5]
| nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)
| November 12, 1866
|- | Nebraska (1) | rowspan=2 | New seat | rowspan=2 | Nebraska admitted to the Union March 1, 1867. | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Thomas Tipton (R) | rowspan=2 | March 1, 1867
|- | Nebraska (2) | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | John M. Thayer (R) |}
House of Representatives
- Replacements: 9
- Democratic: 1-seat net gain
- Republican: 2-seat net gain
- Unconditional Unionist: 1 seat net loss
- Unionist: 0 net change
- Deaths: 4
- Resignations: 4
- Contested election: 3
- Seats from newly admitted states: 1
- Seats from re-admitted states: 8
- Total seats with changes: 21
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:Ordinal US Congress change |- | Template:Ushr | rowspan=8 | Vacant | rowspan=8 | Tennessee re-admitted into the Union | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Nathaniel G. Taylor (U) | rowspan=8 | July 24, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Horace Maynard (UU) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | William B. Stokes (UU) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Edmund Cooper (U) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | William B. Campbell (U) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Samuel M. Arnell (UU) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Isaac R. Hawkins (U) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | John W. Leftwich (UU) |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Edwin H. Webster (UU) | Resigned some time in July, 1865 after being appointed Collector of Customs for the port of Baltimore | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | John L. Thomas Jr. (UU) | December 4, 1865 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Orlando Kellogg (R) | Died August 24, 1865 | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Robert S. Hale (R) | December 3, 1865 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Daniel W. Gooch (R) | Resigned September 1, 1865, after being appointed Navy Agent for the port of Boston | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Nathaniel P. Banks (R) | December 4, 1865 |- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | incumbent Coffroth prevented from taking seat due to election contest | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alexander H. Coffroth (D) | February 19, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Alexander H. Coffroth (D) | Lost contested election July 18, 1866 | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William H. Koontz (R) | July 18, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Daniel W. Voorhees (D) | Lost contested election February 23, 1866 | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry D. Washburn (R) | February 23, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | James Brooks (D) | Lost contested election April 7, 1866 | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | William E. Dodge (R) | April 7, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | James Humphrey (R) | Died June 16, 1866 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | John W. Hunter (D) | December 4, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Green C. Smith (UU) | Resigned some time in July, 1866 after being appointed Governor of the Montana Territory. | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Andrew H. Ward (D) | December 3, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Lovell Rousseau (UU) | Resigned July 21, 1866, after being reprimanded for his assault of Iowa Rep. Josiah B. Grinnell. Was re-elected to fill his own seat. | nowrap style="background:Template:Party color" | Lovell Rousseau (UU) | December 3, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Henry Grider (D) | Died September 7, 1866 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Elijah Hise (D) | December 3, 1866 |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" | Philip Johnson (D) | Died January 29, 1867 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Phineas Hitchcock (R) | Nebraska achieved statehood March 1, 1867 | colspan=2 | District eliminated |- | Template:Ushr | New State | Nebraska admitted to the Union March 1, 1867. Seat remained vacant until March 2, 1867 | nowrap style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" | Turner M. Marquette (R) | March 2, 1867 |}
Committees
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Senate
- Agriculture (Chairman: John Sherman)
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: George H. Williams)
- Claims (Chairman: Timothy O. Howe)
- Coins, Weights and Measures (Select)
- Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler)
- Compensation (Select)
- Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
- District of Columbia (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill)
- Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin)
- Finance (Chairman: William P. Fessenden)
- Foreign Relations (Chairman: Charles Sumner)
- Indian Affairs (Chairman: John B. Henderson)
- Interior Department Clerical Force (Select)
- Judiciary (Chairman: Lyman Trumbull)
- Manufactures (Chairman: William Sprague IV)
- Military Affairs and the Militia (Chairman: Henry Wilson)
- Mines and Mining (Chairman: John Conness)
- Mississippi River Levees Reconstruction (Select)
- National Banks (Select)
- National Telegraph Company (Select)
- Naval Affairs (Chairman: James W. Grimes)
- Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
- Pacific Railroad (Chairman: Jacob M. Howard)
- Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: Waitman T. Willey)
- Pensions (Chairman: Henry S. Lane)
- Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey)
- Private Land Claims (Chairman: Ira Harris)
- Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: B. Gratz Brown)
- Public Lands (Chairman: Samuel C. Pomeroy)
- Retrenchment
- Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Richard Yates)
- Tariff Regulation (Select)
- Territories (Chairman: Benjamin F. Wade)
- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accounts (Chairman: Edward H. Rollins)
- Agriculture (Chairman: John Bidwell)
- Appropriations (Chairman: Thaddeus Stevens)
- Banking and Currency (Chairman: Theodore M. Pomeroy)
- Claims (Chairman: Columbus Delano)
- Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: John A. Kasson)
- Commerce (Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne)
- District of Columbia (Chairman: Ebon C. Ingersoll)
- Elections (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes)
- Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Ebenezer Dumont)
- Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: George W. Julian)
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Jehu Baker)
- Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Frederick A. Pike)
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: James M. Marvin)
- Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Henry C. Deming)
- Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: John W. Longyear)
- Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Nathaniel P. Banks)
- Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Thomas D. Eliot)
- Indian Affairs (Chairman: William Windom)
- Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Sidney Perham)
- Judiciary (Chairman: James F. Wilson)
- Manufactures (Chairman: James K. Moorhead)
- Mileage (Chairman: George W. Anderson)
- Military Affairs (Chairman: Robert C. Schenck)
- Militia (Chairman: Abner C. Harding)
- Mines and Mining (Chairman: William Higby)
- Naval Affairs (Chairman: Alexander H. Rice)
- Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Hiram Price)
- Patents (Chairman: Thomas A. Jenckes)
- Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John B. Alley)
- Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: John H. Rice)
- Public Expenditures (Chairman: Calvin T. Hulburd)
- Public Lands (Chairman: George W. Julian)
- Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Glenni W. Scofield)
- Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Kellian V. Whaley)
- Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: Walter D. McIndoe)
- Roads and Canals (Chairman: Fernando C. Beaman)
- Rules (Select)
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories (Chairman: James M. Ashley)
- Ways and Means (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill)
- Whole
Joint committees
- Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
- Conduct of the War
- Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Sen. James Nye)
- The Library (Chairman: N/A)
- Printing (Chairman: N/A)
- Retrenchment
- To Inquire into the Condition of the States which Formed the So-Called Confederate States
Caucuses
- Democratic (House)
- Democratic (Senate)
Employees
Legislative branch agency directors
- Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter, resigned May 26, 1865
- Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865
- Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
Senate
- Chaplain: Thomas Bowman (Methodist), until March 9, 1865
- Edgar H. Gray (Baptist), from March 9, 1865
- Secretary: John W. Forney
- Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: William Henry Channing (Unitarian), until December 4, 1865
- Charles B. Boynton (Congregationalist), from December 4, 1865
- Clerk: Edward McPherson
- Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow
- Messenger to the Speaker: William D. Todd
- Postmaster: Josiah Given
- Reading Clerks: Edward W. Barber
- Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway
See also
- 1864 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 1866 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
Notes
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- ^ Andrew Johnson, a former War Democrat, was elected Vice President (and became President of the Senate) through the Republican-affiliated “National Union” party.
- ^ Special session of the Senate.
- ^ Conservative & Conservative Republican
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Constitution: Amendments 11–27". National Archives. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997). "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Congressional Research Service reports. Washington D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 27, 2004.
- ^ a b Byrd & Wolff, page 176
- ^ Byrd & Wolff, page 108
- ^ Byrd & Wolff, page 142
Further reading
- Aynes, Richard L. "The 39th Congress (1865–1867) and the 14th Amendment: Some Preliminary Perspectives," Akron Law Review, 42 (no. 4, 2009), 1019–49.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Byrd, Robert C.; Wolff, Wendy (October 1, 1993). The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992 (volume 4 Bicentennial ed.). U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160632563.
External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789–1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Congressional Directory for the 39th Congress, 1st Session. 1866.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Congress, United States (1867). Congressional Directory for the 39th Congress, 2nd Session.
Transcripts of debates and proceedings
The Congressional Globe contains the official transcripts and proceedings of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, although newspapers often provided their own transcripts that sometimes differed from the official ones. Following are external links to the pertinent volumes of the Globe, which are downloadable and/or searchable via Google Books and HathiTrust:
| Session | Part | Start date | End date | Pages | Hathi | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First | One | December 4, 1865 | February 21, 1866 | 1 to 960 | EL | EL |
| First | Two | February 21, 1866 | April 12, 1866 | 961 to 1920 | EL | EL |
| First | Three | April 12, 1866 | May 29, 1866 | 1921 to 2880 | EL | EL |
| First | Four | May 29, 1866 | July 16, 1866 | 2881 to 3840 | EL | EL |
| First | Five | July 16, 1866 | July 28, 1866 | 3841 to 4310, plus Appendix | EL | EL |
| Second | One | December 3, 1866 | January 25, 1867 | 1 to 752 | EL | EL |
| Second | Two | January 25, 1867 | February 18, 1867 | 753 to 1504 | EL | EL |
| Second | Three | February 18, 1867 | March 2, 1867 | 1505 to 2005, plus Appendix | EL | EL |
The congressional debates pertaining to the Fourteenth Amendment can be found at “Congressional Debates of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution”.
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