8P/Tuttle

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8P/Tuttle
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Tuttle's Comet and the Triangulum Galaxy photographed from Mount Laguna, California on December 30, 2007
Discovery
Discovered byHorace Parnell Tuttle
Discovery dateJanuary 5, 1858
Designations
P/1790 A2, P/1858 A1
P/1871 T1
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Orbital characteristics[4]Template:R/superscript[5]Template:R/superscript
EpochJanuary 21, 2022 (JD 2459600.5)
Observation arc232.14 years
Earliest precovery dateJanuary 28, 1790[1]Template:R/superscript
Number of
observations		316
Aphelion10.39 AU
Perihelion1.026 AU
Semi-major axis5.707 AU
Eccentricity0.82023
Orbital period13.6 years
Inclination54.911°
270.20°
Argument of
periapsis		207.49°
Mean anomaly10.573°
Last perihelionAugust 27, 2021[2]Template:R/superscript
Next perihelionApril 18, 2035[3]Template:R/superscript
TJupiter1.601
Earth MOID0.095 AU
Jupiter MOID0.738 AU
Physical characteristics[5]Template:R/superscript[6]Template:R/superscript
DimensionsTemplate:Cvt
11.4 hours
(V–R) = 0.53±0.04
Comet total
magnitude (M1)		14.6

8P/Tuttle (also known as Tuttle's Comet or Comet Tuttle) is a periodic comet with a 13.6-year orbit. It fits the classical definition of a Jupiter-family comet with an orbital period of less than 20 years, but does not fit the modern definition of (2 < TJupiter< 3).[5]Template:R/superscript Its last perihelion passage was 27 August 2021 when it had a solar elongation of 26 degrees at approximately apparent magnitude 9.[7]Template:R/superscript Two weeks later, on September 12, 2021, it was about 1.8 AU (270 million km) from Earth which is about as far from Earth as the comet can get when the comet is near perihelion.

Comet 8P/Tuttle is responsible for the Ursid meteor shower in late December.[8]Template:R/superscript

2008 perihelion

File:Animation of 8P／Tuttle orbit.gif
Animation of 8P/Tuttle from 2005 to 2025
Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  Sun · Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  Venus · Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  Earth · Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  Mars · Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  Jupiter · Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  Saturn · Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.  8P/Tuttle

Under dark skies, the comet was a naked-eye object. On December 30, 2007, it was in close conjunction with the Triangulum Galaxy. On January 1, 2008, it passed Earth at a distance of 0.25282 AU (37.821 million km).[5]Template:R/superscript It was visible telescopically to Southern Hemisphere observers in the constellation Eridanus throughout February 2008.

Predictions that the 2007 Ursid meteor shower could have possibly been stronger than usual due to the return of the comet,[9]Template:R/superscript did not appear to materialize, as counts were in the range of normal distribution.

Physical characteristics

Radar observations of Comet Tuttle in January 2008 by the Arecibo Observatory show it to be a contact binary.[10]Template:R/superscript[11]Template:R/superscript The comet nucleus is estimated at Template:Cvt in diameter, using the equivalent diameter of a sphere having a volume equal to the sum of a Template:Cvt sphere.[5]Template:R/superscript

Exploration

In 2019, 8P/Tuttle was listed as one of 10 backup targets of the European Space Agency's Comet Interceptor mission.[12]Template:R/superscript Scheduled for launch on 2029, the spacecraft may conduct a flyby of 8P on March 26, 2035 if selected.[12]Template:R/superscript

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.W. F. Denning (1916). "Mechain-Tuttle's Comet of 1790–1858 and a Meteoric Shower". The Observatory. 39 (506): 466–467. Bibcode:1916Obs....39..466D.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.K. Kinoshita (January 24, 2008). "8P/Tuttle". Comet Orbits.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Horizons Batch for 8P/Tuttle (90000180) on 2035-Apr-18" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons. Archived from the original on June 15, 2022. Retrieved September 25, 2025. (JPL K215/24 Soln.date: 2022-May-02)
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."8P/Tuttle Orbit". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."8P/Tuttle – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved February 25, 2010.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.M. M. Knight; R. Kokotanekova; N. H. Samarasinha (2024). "Physical and Surface Properties of Comet Nuclei from Remote Observations". In K. J. Meech (ed.). Comets III. University of Arizona Press. pp. 361–404. arXiv:2304.09309. JSTOR jj.21819446.18.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.S. Yoshida (June 28, 2020). "8P/Tuttle". www.aerith.net. Retrieved July 20, 2020.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Meteor Streams". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.P. Jenniskens; E. Lyytinen; M. Nissinen; I. Yrjölä; J. Vaubaillon (2007). "Strong Ursid shower predicted for 2007 December 22" (PDF). WGN, Journal of the International Meteor Organization. 35 (6): 125–133. Bibcode:2007JIMO...35..125J.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.G. Schilling (October 14, 2008). "Comet Tuttle's Split Personality". Science. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.J. K. Harmon; M. C. Nolan; E. S. Howell; J. D. Giorgini (July 13–18, 2008). Comet 8P/Tuttle: Arecibo Radar Observations of the First Bilobate Comet (PDF). 10th Asteroids, Comets, Meteors. Baltimore, Maryland: Lunar and Planetary Institute.
  12. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.M. E. Schwamb; M. M. Knight; G. H. Jones; et al. (2020). "Potential Backup Targets for Comet Interceptor". Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society. 4 (2): 21. arXiv:2002.01744. Bibcode:2020RNAAS...4...21S. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ab7300.


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