9 Aurigae

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9 Aurigae
Characteristics
A
Evolutionary stage main sequence[1]
Spectral type F2V[2]
U−B color index −0.01[3]
B−V color index +0.34[3]
Variable type γ Dor[4]
Astrometry
A
Radial velocity (Rv)−0.47±0.57[1] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −28.557[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −171.822[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)37.0551±0.1371 mas[1]
DistanceTemplate:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly
(Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)
B
Proper motion (μ) RA: −54.582[5] mas/yr
Dec.: −156.009[5] mas/yr
Parallax (π)37.0796±0.0631 mas[5]
DistanceTemplate:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly
(Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)
C
Radial velocity (Rv)−1.88±0.17[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −32.386[6] mas/yr
Dec.: −173.026[6] mas/yr
Parallax (π)37.2115±0.0184 mas[6]
DistanceTemplate:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly
(Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)
Orbit[7]
Period (P)391.7 d
Eccentricity (e)0.37
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)		5.8 km/s
Details
A
Mass1.97[8] M☉
Radius1.56[4] R☉
Luminosity6.042[9] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.07[4] cgs
Temperature7,023[4] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.12[4] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)21.0[4] km/s
B
Mass0.49[8] M☉
Temperature4,947[10] K
C
Mass0.751[11] M☉
Radius0.756[11] R☉
Luminosity0.162[12] L☉
Temperature4,633[12] K
Other designations
Template:Odlist
Database references
SIMBAD9 Aur A
9 Aur B
9 Aur C

9 Aurigae (9 Aur) is a star system in the constellation Auriga. It has an apparent magnitude of about 5, making it visible to the naked eye in many suburban skies.[13] Parallax estimates made by the Hipparcos spacecraft put it at about 86 light-years (26 parsecs) from the Solar System,[14] although individual Gaia Data Release 3 parallaxes place all three components at 88 light-years.

File:9AurLightCurve.png
A visual-band light curve for 9 Aurigae, adapted from Krisciunas et al. (1993)[15]

Kevin Krisciunas and Edward Francis Guinan discovered that the star is a variable star in 1990.[16] It is a well-studied Gamma Doradus variable,[4] and was one of the first stars to be so-classified.[17] This star type varies in luminosity due to non-radial pulsations.[17] Its apparent magnitude varies from 4.93 to 5.03 over a period of 1.25804 days.[18] For that reason it was given the variable star designation V398 Aurigae in 1995.[18][19]

9 Aurigae is a multiple star system. The naked-eye component A is a single-lined spectroscopic binary. Only the signature of an F-type main-sequence star can be seen in the spectrum, but the periodic Doppler shift of the absorption lines demonstrates that there is a hidden companion in a 391.7-day orbit. The gravitational interaction of the two bodies produces variations in their respective motions, which is what creates the Doppler shift.[7]

Four other companions to 9 Aurigae are listed in multiple star catalogs.[20][21] The closest companion is a 12th-magnitude red dwarf 5″ away.[4] Ninety arcseconds away is component C, a 9th-magnitude star with a spectral class of K5Ve,[22] which may also be a spectroscopic binary.[8] Further separated still is a 14th-magnitude star, component D, proposed to be a more distant red giant,[23] although Gaia astrometry places it at a similar distance and with a similar proper motion.[24] The most widely separated companion is component E, a distant, unrelated star.[23][25]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Template:Cite Gaia DR3
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Garrison, R. F.; McFadden, M. T.; Bubar, E. J.; McGahee, C. E.; O'Donoghue, A. A.; Knox, E. R. (2006). "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc--The Southern Sample". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (1): 161–170. arXiv:astro-ph/0603770. Bibcode:2006AJ....132..161G. doi:10.1086/504637. S2CID 119476992.
  3. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Johnson, H. L.; Mitchell, R. I.; Iriarte, B.; Wisniewski, W. Z. (1966). "UBVRIJKL Photometry of the Bright Stars". Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. 4: 99. Bibcode:1966CoLPL...4...99J.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rachford, Brian L.; Foight, Dillon R. (2009). "Chromospheric Variability in Early F-Type Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 698 (1): 786–802. arXiv:0904.1620. Bibcode:2009ApJ...698..786R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/698/1/786. S2CID 693296.
  5. ^ a b c Template:Cite Gaia DR3
  6. ^ a b c d Template:Cite Gaia DR3
  7. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Abt, Helmut A. (1965). "The Frequency of Binaries among Normal A-Type Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 11: 429. Bibcode:1965ApJS...11..429A. doi:10.1086/190120.
  8. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."HR 1637". Multiple Star Catalog. Archived from the original on 2020-09-16. Retrieved 2019-10-09.
  9. ^ Template:Cite DR2
  10. ^ Template:Cite Gaia DR2
  11. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Newton, Elisabeth R.; Irwin, Jonathan; Charbonneau, David; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.; Mink, Jessica (2017). "The Hα Emission of Nearby M Dwarfs and its Relation to Stellar Rotation". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (1): 85. arXiv:1611.03509. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834...85N. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/85. S2CID 55000202.
  12. ^ a b Template:Cite Gaia DR2
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bortle, John E. (February 2001). "The Bortle Dark-Sky Scale". Sky & Telescope. Sky Publishing Corporation. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.van Leeuwen, F.; et al. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Krisciunas, K.; Aspin, C.; Geballe, T. R.; Akazawa, H.; Claver, C. F.; Guinan, E. F.; Landis, H. J.; Luedeke, K. D.; Ohkura, N.; Ohshima, O.; Skillman, D. R. (August 1993). "The 9 Aurigae system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 263 (3): 781–788. arXiv:astro-ph/9304008. Bibcode:1993MNRAS.263..781K. doi:10.1093/mnras/263.3.781.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Krisciunas, K.; Guinan, E. (August 1990). "Unexplained Light Variations of the F0 V Star 9 Aurigae" (PDF). Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 3511: 1–7. Bibcode:1990IBVS.3511....1K. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  17. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Krisciunas, K.; Griffin, R. F.; Guinan, E. F.; Luedeke, K. D.; McCook, G. P. (1995). "9 Aurigae: Strong evidence for non-radial pulsations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 273 (3): 662. arXiv:astro-ph/9407094. Bibcode:1995MNRAS.273..662K. doi:10.1093/mnras/273.3.662. S2CID 117588180.
  18. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kazarovets, E. V.; Samus, N. N. (January 1995). "The 72nd Name-List of Variable Stars" (PDF). Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 4140: 1–28. Bibcode:1995IBVS.4140....1K. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dommanget, J.; Nys, O. (1994). "Catalogue des composantes d'etoiles doubles et multiples (CCDM) premiere edition - Catalogue of the components of double and multiple stars (CCDM) first edition". Com. De l'Observ. Royal de Belgique. 115: 1. Bibcode:1994CoORB.115....1D.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mason, Brian D.; Wycoff, Gary L.; Hartkopf, William I.; Douglass, Geoffrey G.; Worley, Charles E. (2001). "The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog". The Astronomical Journal. 122 (6): 3466–3471. Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M. doi:10.1086/323920.
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Alonso-Floriano, F. J.; Morales, J. C.; Caballero, J. A.; Montes, D.; Klutsch, A.; Mundt, R.; Cortés-Contreras, M.; Ribas, I.; Reiners, Ansgar; Amado, P. J.; Quirrenbach, A.; Jeffers, S. V. (2015). "CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 577: A128. arXiv:1502.07580. Bibcode:2015A&A...577A.128A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525803. S2CID 53135130.
  23. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Krisciunas, K.; Aspin, C.; Geballe, T. R.; Akazawa, H.; Claver, C. F.; Guinan, E. F.; Landis, H. J.; Luedeke, K. D.; Ohkura, N.; Ohshima, O.; Skillman, D. R. (1993). "The 9 Aurigae system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 263 (3): 781–788. arXiv:astro-ph/9304008. Bibcode:1993MNRAS.263..781K. doi:10.1093/mnras/263.3.781. S2CID 18596475.
  24. ^ Template:Cite Gaia DR3
  25. ^ Template:Cite DR2

Template:Stars of Auriga

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