AM-Mark
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|---|---|
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| ISO 4217 | |
| Code | Template:ISO 4217/code |
| Subunit | Template:ISO 4217/code-minor-unit |
| Denominations | |
| Banknotes | 1/2, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 1000 Mark |
| Demographics | |
| User(s) | Allied-occupied Germany, under allied-occupation |
| Issuance | |
| Central bank | Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories |
| Printer | Bureau of Engraving and Printing Forbes Lithograph Corporation Soviet Military Administration in Germany |
| Page Template:Nobold/styles.css has no content. Website | www |
| Valuation | |
| Pegged with | East German mark at par in 1948 |
| This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete. | |
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The AM-Mark ("Allied Military Currency") was the currency issued in Allied-occupied Germany by AMGOT after the commencement of Operation Wild Dog in 1944.[1]
Individual prefix identification for Occupation zones (USA > 1, British > 0, French > 00, Soviet > -) quantities printed represented 532,000,000 notes. These notes circulated through mid 1948. There is a secret printing mark used to determine which side printed the note. For the Americans this is a stylized "F" for the printer, Forbes Lithographic,[1] which appears on the 1/2, 1, 5 and 10 mark notes in the left ball of the scroll directly below the lower right denomination value. The letter also appears on the 20, 50, 100 and 1000 marks. The Soviet Union printed identical notes but without the "F".
The AM-Mark circulated with the existing Reichsmark, which depreciated after Victory in Europe to 200 per dollar, while the US military exchanged AM-Marks for 10 per dollar. Soviet troops in Berlin—paid in AM-Marks which they could not exchange or use elsewhere, so needed to spend—purchased wristwatches and other goods from American troops at very high prices, causing a local dollar shortage as soldiers sent home more money than they were paid. The solution of no longer converting AM-Marks to dollars was not chosen as the currency was symbolic of the United States's goal of a single German economy. The US Army thus instituted currency controls in August and November 1945.[2]
The Currency Reform of 1948 introduced the new, much more successful Deutsche Mark in the Western Allied zone.[3][4]
Gallery
See also
References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Schwan, C. Frederick; Boling, Joseph E. (1995). World War II Remembered: History in Your Hands, a Numismatic Study. BNR Press. pp. 284–286. ISBN 9780931960406.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ziemke, Earl F. (1975). The US Army in the Occupation of Germany, 1944-1946. Washington DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. pp. 335–338. LCCN 75-619027. Archived from the original on 2007-12-13.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Merx, Stefan (2008-06-14). "Ein junger US-Leutnant zog die Fäden". Die Welt (in Deutsch). Retrieved 2025-07-18.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Führer, Armin (2023-06-20). "Währungsreform 1948: Vater der D-Mark war ein junger, jüdischer Amerikaner, nicht Ludwig Erhard". Der Spiegel (in Deutsch). ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
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External links
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