Aer language
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| Aer | |
|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | |
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| Region | Sindh, Pakistan |
Native speakers | (100 cited 1998)Template:Ethnologue25 does not exist |
| Dialects |
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| Arabic script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | aeq |
| Glottolog | aerr1238 |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
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Aer (/ˈaɪər/ Script error: No such module "Respell".) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by around 100 people in Sindh, Pakistan and Gujarat, India.[1] It is one of the smallest languages of Pakistan in terms of number of speakers,[2][3] and is spoken in rural areas of Sindh including Hyderabad, Kot Ghulam Muhammad, and Kunri. Some speakers are also reported to be living in Shaheed Benazirabad, but they have a different culture.[4]
History
After the Partition of India in 1947, the Muslim speakers of the language migrated to Pakistan, while the Hindu speakers stayed in India. Most of the Aer speakers in Pakistan live in Deh 333,[5] near Hyderabad in lower Sindh. The language was formed in the Indian subcontinent during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire due to the influence of Persian, Arabic, and Turkish on Indian languages.[6]
A 1998 estimate concluded there were around 200 native speakers.[7] Current estimates, however, put the number of speakers at 150, further cementing its 'endangered' status.[8]
Classification
Aer has been classified as one of the Gujarati languages. Ethnologue reports that the closest language is Kachi Koli and especially its dialects Katai Meghwar and Kachi Bhil,[1] and that most Aer speakers are bilingual in Sindhi. Two varieties of Aer are Jikrio Goth Aer and Jamesabad Aer.[7]
Alphabet
Aer is commonly not written, but when it is, it is written in a variety of the Arabic script.[9]
| Letter | Name of Letter | Transcription | IPA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | alif | a | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | be | b | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | pe | p | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | te | t | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ṭe | ṭ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | se | (s) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | jīm | j | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | če | č | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | he | (h) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | khe | kh | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | dāl | d | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ḍāl | ḍ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | đāl | đ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | zāl | (z) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | re | r | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ṛe | ṛ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ḷe | ḷ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ze | z | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | že | ž | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | sīn | s | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | šīn | š | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | swād | (s) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | zwād | (z) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | to'e | (t) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | zo'e | (z) | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ‘ayn | ʿ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ghayn | gh | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | fe | f | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | qāf | q | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | kāf | k | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | gāf | g | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | lām | l | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | mīm | m | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | nūn | n | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ṇūn | ṇ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ˜ | ˜ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | waw | w | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | he | h | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | _he | _h | Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ḫ | ḫ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | hamza | ʿ | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ye | y | Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA". |
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | ye | e, ē | Script error: No such module "IPA". |
References
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
e25was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Torwali, Zubair (28 July 2015). "Saving local languages". The News International. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Arshad, Muhammad (2021-09-06). "How Many Languages Are Spoken In Pakistan". Economy.pk. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parekh, Rauf (2018-01-02). "Some endangered Pakistani languages". Dawn. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rahman, Tariq (January 2004). "Language Policy and Localization in Pakistan: Proposal for a Paradigmatic Shif". ResearchGate.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bukhari, Syed Muhammad Azeem Shah (7 April 2019). "معدوم ہوتی پاکستانی زبانیں" [Endangered Pakistani languages]. Express News. Retrieved 31 August 2022.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Did you know Aer is endangered?". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parekh, Rauf (2017-03-13). "Literary notes: How many languages are spoken in Pakistan?". Dawn. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."ScriptSource - Entry - Aer language keyboard". www.scriptsource.org. Retrieved 2022-08-31.
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