Aerococcus
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Aerococcus, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr), meaning "air", and κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "grain", is a genus of bacterium in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria).[1] The genus was first identified in 1953 from samples of air and dust as a catalase-negative, gram-positive coccus that grew in small clusters.[2] They were subsequently found in hospital environments and meat-curing brines.[3] It has been difficult to identify as it resembles alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus on blood agar plates and is difficult to identify by biochemical means.[4] Sequencing of 16S rRNA has become the gold standard for identification, but other techniques such as MALDI-TOF have also been useful for identifying both the genus and species.[4]
Etymology
The name Aerococcus derives from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr), meaning "air", and κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "grain".[5] The name was given based on its round shape and that it was first discovered in air samples.[2]
Species
The genus contains these species:[6]
- A. agrisoli Sun et al., 2023 (from Latin *ager* “field, farm” + *solum* “soil,” “of farmland soil”)[7]
- A. christensenii Collins et al., 1999, named after Danish microbiologist Jens J. Christensen[8]
- A. kribbianus Bai et al., 2024 (honours KRIBB, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology)[9]
- A. loyolae Choi et al., 2023 (from Latin gen. *loyolae*, “of Loyola,” referring to Loyola University Chicago, site of isolation)[10]
- A. mictus Choi et al., 2023 (Latin gen. *mictus*, “of urinating,” from human urine, first source)[10]
- A. sanguinicola Lawson et al., 2001 (from the Latin for “blood-dweller”)[11]
- A. suis Vela et al., 2007 (Latin “of a hog”)[12]
- A. tenax Choi et al., 2023 (Latin masc. adj. *tenax*, “tenacious,” referring to strong biofilm behaviour)[10]
- A. urinae Aguirre & Collins, 1992 (Latin “of urine”)[13]
- A. urinaeequi (Garvie 1988) Felis et al., 2005 (Latin “of horse urine”)[14]
- A. urinaehominis Lawson et al., 2001 (Latin “of human urine”)[15]
- A. vaginalis Tohno et al., 2014 (Latin *vaginalis*, “pertaining to the vagina”)[16]
- A. viridans Williams et al., 1953—type species (Latin “making green”); causative agent of gaffkaemia in lobsters.[17][18]
See also
References
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- ^ Classification of Genera AC in LPSN; Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parte, Aidan C.; Sardà Carbasse, Joaquim; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Reimer, Lorenz C.; Göker, Markus (1 November 2020). "List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5607–5612. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Williams, R. E. O.; Hirch, A.; Cowan, S. T. (1953-06-01). "Aerococcus, a New Bacterial Genus". Journal of General Microbiology. 8 (3): 475–480. doi:10.1099/00221287-8-3-475. PMID 13061751.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Aguirre, M.; Collins, M. D. (1993-05-01). "Development of a polymerase chain reaction test for specific identification of the urinary tract pathogen Aerococcus urinae". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 31 (5): 1350–1353. doi:10.1128/jcm.31.5.1350-1353.1993. ISSN 0095-1137. PMC 262936. PMID 7684752.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rasmussen, Magnus (Jun 2013). "Aerococci and aerococcal infections". Journal of Infection. 66 (6): 467–474. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2012.12.006. PMID 23277106.
- ^ Aerococcus in LPSN; Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parte, Aidan C.; Sardà Carbasse, Joaquim; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Reimer, Lorenz C.; Göker, Markus (1 November 2020). "List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5607–5612. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Genus: Aerococcus". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2025-07-12.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sun, L. (2023). "Aerococcus agrisoli sp. nov., isolated from paddy soil". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 73 (11): 006069. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006069.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Collins, M. D.; Jovita, M. R.; Hutson, R. A.; Ohlén, M.; Falsen, E. (July 1999). "Aerococcus christensenii sp. nov., from the human vagina". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49 (3): 1125–1128. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1125. PMID 10425770.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bai, L. (2024). "Aerococcus kribbianus sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic bacterium isolated from pig faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 74 (2): 006284. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006284. PMID 38415779.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Choi, B. I. (2023). "Taxonomic considerations on Aerococcus urinae with proposal of subdivision into A. urinae, A. tenax sp. nov., A. mictus sp. nov. and A. loyolae sp. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 73 (9): 006066. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006066.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lawson, P. A.; Falsen, E.; Truberg-Jensen, K.; Collins, M. D. (March 2001). "Aerococcus sanguicola sp. nov., isolated from a human clinical source". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 51 (2): 475–479. doi:10.1099/00207713-51-2-475. PMID 11321093.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Vela, A. I. (2007). "Aerococcus suis sp. nov., isolated from clinical specimens from swine". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 57 (6): 1291–1294. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64537-0. PMID 17551045.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Aguirre, M.; Collins, M. D. (1992). "Phylogenetic analysis of Aerococcus-like organisms from urinary-tract infections: description of Aerococcus urinae sp. nov". Journal of General Microbiology. 138 (2): 401–405. doi:10.1099/00221287-138-2-401. PMID 1373437.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Felis, G. E.; Torriani, S.; Dellaglio, F. (May 2005). "Reclassification of Pediococcus urinaeequi (ex Mees 1934) Garvie 1988 as Aerococcus urinaeequi comb. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 55 (3): 1325–1327. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63324-0. PMID 15879276.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lawson, P. A.; Falsen, E.; Ohlén, M.; Collins, M. D. (March 2001). "Aerococcus urinaehominis sp. nov., isolated from human urine". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 51 (2): 683–686. doi:10.1099/00207713-51-2-683. PMID 11321115.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tohno, M. (2014). "Aerococcus vaginalis sp. nov., isolated from the human vagina". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (4): 1229–1236. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.058081-0. PMID 24421273.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Williams, R. E. O.; Hirch, A.; Cowan, S. T. (June 1953). "Aerococcus, a new bacterial genus". Journal of General Microbiology. 8 (3): 475–480. doi:10.1099/00221287-8-3-475. PMID 13061751.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Greenwood, S. J.; Keith, I. R.; Després, B. M.; Cawthorn, R. J. (28 February 2005). "Genetic characterization of the lobster pathogen Aerococcus viridans var. homari by 16S rRNA gene sequence and RAPD". Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 63 (2–3): 237–246. doi:10.3354/dao063237. PMID 15819439.
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