Alpha Leporis

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α Leporis
Location of α Leporis (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Lepus
Right ascension Template:RA[1]
Declination Template:DEC[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 2.589[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Blue loop (yellow supergiant)[3]
Spectral type F0 Ib[4]
U−B color index +0.386[2]
B−V color index +0.2[5]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+23.9[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +3.56[1] mas/yr
Dec.: +1.18[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)1.47±0.14 mas[1]
DistanceTemplate:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly
(Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)[1]
Absolute magnitude (MV)−5.28[7]
Details
Mass12–13[8] M☉
Radius74[8] – 105+15
−21[9] R☉
Luminosity27,000[8] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)1.34±0.07[10] cgs
Temperature7,253 or 7,290[11] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.01–0.06[11] dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)13–21[5] km/s
Age13[10] Myr
Other designations
Arneb, 11 Leporis, BD−17°1166, FK5 207, HD 36673, HIP 25985, HR 1865, SAO 150547
Database references
SIMBADdata

Alpha Leporis (α Leporis, abbreviated Alpha Lep, α Lep), formally named Arneb /ˈɑːrnɛb/,[12][13] is the brightest star in the constellation of Lepus.

Nomenclature

Alpha Leporis is the star's Bayer designation. The traditional name Arneb comes from the Arabic أرنب ’arnab 'hare'[14] ('Lepus' is Latin for hare). In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[15] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016[16] included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included Arneb for this star.

In Chinese, Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), meaning Toilet, refers to an asterism consisting of α Leporis, β Leporis, γ Leporis and δ Leporis.[17] Consequently, the Chinese name for α Leporis itself is Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), "the First Star of Toilet".[18]

Properties

Alpha Leporis has a stellar classification of F0 Ib,[4] with the Ib luminosity class indicating that it is a lower luminosity yellow supergiant star. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified.[19]

This is a massive star with about 12 to 13 times the mass of the Sun[8] and 105 times the Sun's radius.[9] The effective temperature of the outer envelope is about 7,300 K,[11] which gives the star a yellowish-white hue that is typical of F-type stars.[20] It is an estimated 13 million years old.[10] A weak magnetic field was detected around the star.[8] If Arneb was placed in the center of the Solar System, its surface would extend beyond the orbit of Mercury.

Arneb is an older, dying star that has already passed through a red supergiant phase and is now contracting and heating up in the latter phases of stellar evolution, in a blue loop.[3]

Namesakes

USS Arneb (AKA-56) was a ship of the United States Navy.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600
  2. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; et al. (1966), "A System of photometric standards", Publications of the Department of Astronomy University of Chile, 1, Publicaciones Universidad de Chile, Department de Astronomy: 1–17, Bibcode:1966PDAUC...1....1G
  3. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Smiljanic, R.; Barbuy, B.; De Medeiros, J. R.; Maeder, A. (April 2006), "CNO in evolved intermediate mass stars", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 449 (2): 655–671, arXiv:astro-ph/0511329, Bibcode:2006A&A...449..655S, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054377, ISSN 0004-6361
  4. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gray, R. O.; Napier, M. G.; Winkler, L. I. (April 2001), "The Physical Basis of Luminosity Classification in the Late A-, F-, and Early G-Type Stars. I. Precise Spectral Types for 372 Stars", The Astronomical Journal, 121 (4): 2148–2158, Bibcode:2001AJ....121.2148G, doi:10.1086/319956
  5. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ayres, Thomas R. (February 20, 2018), "Cracking the Conundrum of F-Supergiant Coronae", The Astrophysical Journal, 854 (2): 95, arXiv:1802.02552, Bibcode:2018ApJ...854...95A, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa6d7, ISSN 0004-637X
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Evans, D. S. (June 20–24, 1966), "The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities", in Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick (eds.), Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30, vol. 30, University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union, p. 57, Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kovtyukh, V. V.; Gorlova, N. I.; Belik, S. I. (July 11, 2012), "Accurate luminosities from the oxygen λ7771-4 Å triplet and the fundamental parameters of F-G supergiants", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 423 (4): 3268–3273, arXiv:1204.4115, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21117.x
  8. ^ a b c d e Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wade, Gregg; Oksala, Mary; Neiner, Coralie; Boucher, Etienne; Barron, James (2025), Magnetic field monitoring of four massive A-F supergiants, arXiv:2507.00282
  9. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Baines, Ellyn K.; Clark, James H.; Kingsley, Bradley I.; Schmitt, Henrique R.; Stone, Jordan M. (May 7, 2025), "Vintage NPOI: New and Updated Angular Diameters for 145 Stars", The Astronomical Journal, 169 (6): 293, arXiv:2506.02912, Bibcode:2025AJ....169..293B, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/adc930, ISSN 1538-3881
  10. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lyubimkov, Leonid S.; et al. (February 2010), "Accurate fundamental parameters for A-, F- and G-type Supergiants in the solar neighbourhood", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 402 (2): 1369–1379, arXiv:0911.1335, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.402.1369L, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15979.x, S2CID 119096173
  11. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Luck, R. Earle (2014), "Parameters and Abundances in Luminous Stars", The Astronomical Journal, 147 (6): 137, Bibcode:2014AJ....147..137L, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/6/137 Alpha Leporis' database entry at VizieR.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kunitzsch, Paul; Smart, Tim (2006), A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations (2nd rev. ed.), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Pub, ISBN 978-1-931559-44-7
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.IAU Catalog of Star Names, retrieved July 28, 2016
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Allen, Richard Hinckley (1899), Star-names and Their Meanings, G. E. Stechert, p. 268
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN), retrieved May 22, 2016
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bulletin of the IAU Working Group on Star Names, No. 1 (PDF), retrieved July 28, 2016
  17. ^ Template:In lang 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, Template:ISBN.
  18. ^ Template:In lang 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 Script error: No such module "webarchive"., Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Garrison, R. F. (December 1993), "Anchor Points for the MK System of Spectral Classification", Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 25: 1319, Bibcode:1993AAS...183.1710G, archived from the original on June 25, 2019, retrieved February 4, 2012
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Colour of Stars", Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, December 21, 2004, archived from the original on December 3, 2013, retrieved January 16, 2012

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