Aphaenogaster

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Aphaenogaster is a genus of myrmicine ants in the tribe Stenammini. About 200 species have been described, including 18 fossil species.[1] They occur worldwide except in South America south of Colombia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Antarctica.[2]

Aphaenogaster colonies have monomorphic workers. They have four-segmented antennal clubs and 12-segmented antennae.[3]

In Australia, they often build dense, conspicuous nests.[4] Nest entrances are generally funnel-shaped with diameters up to 4 cm, which resulted in the common name funnel ants. These nests can be a serious problem for golfers or on pastures and unsealed airstrips, because the fragile surface easily collapses under pressure.[3] Where it occurs, Aphaenogaster bioturbation is an important soil and landscape process.[4]

Aphaenogaster ants probably get most of their food from tended aphids on the roots of plants, which explains that they are rarely seen on the surface. The funnel-shaped openings could play a role in trapping arthropods, which are also eaten.[3]

Species

File:Aphaenogaster dlusskyana PIN3387-172 left profile.jpg
Aphaenogaster dlusskyana worker in amber
File:Aphaenogaster gonacantha casent0107566 profile 1.jpg
Aphaenogaster gonacantha worker
File:Aphaenogaster.lepida.-.wheeler.svg
A. lepida worker and male

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File:Aphaenogaster balcanica.png
A. balcanica
File:Aphaenogaster longiceps.jpg
A. longiceps
File:Aphaenogaster occidentalis.jpg
A. occidentalis
File:Aphaenogaster pythia.jpg
A. pytia
File:Aphaenogaster rudis.jpg
A. rudis
File:Aphaenogaster subterranea.jpg
A. subterranea
File:Aphaenogaster tennesseensis.jpg
A. tennesseensis

References

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  1. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bolton, B. (2014). "Aphaenogaster". AntCat. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
  2. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Radchenko, A. G.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2016). "The ant Aphaenogaster dlusskyana sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Sakhalin amber—the earliest described species of an extant genus of Myrmicinae". Paleontological Journal. 50 (9): 936–946. Bibcode:2016PalJ...50..936R. doi:10.1134/S0031030116090136. S2CID 90471180.
  3. ^ a b c Genus Aphaenogaster Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  4. ^ a b Richards, P.J. (2009) Aphaenogaster ants as bioturbators: impacts on soil and slope processes. Earth-Science Reviews 96: 92-106.
  5. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.De Andrade, M. L. (1995). "The ant genus Aphaenogaster in Dominican and Mexican amber (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. IX: Pheidolini)". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 223: 1–11.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zięcina, Dominik; Menchetti, Mattia; Borowiec, Lech; Bračko, Gregor; Lapeva-Gjonova, Albena; Vila, Roger; Salata, Sebastian. "Taxonomic revision of the Aphaenogaster subterranea species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Annales Zoologici. 74 (2): 237–282. doi:10.3161/00034541anz2024.74.2.002.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fujiyama, I. (1970). "Fossil insects from the Chojabaru Formation, Iki Island, Japan". Memoirs of the Natural Science Museum, Tokyo. 3: 65–74.
  8. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Carpenter, F. M. (1930). "The fossil ants of North America" (PDF). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 70: 1–66.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Scudder, S. H. (1890). "The Tertiary insects of North America". United States Geological Survey of the Territories, Washington: 615. ISBN 9780665263149. {{cite journal}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zięcina, Dominik; Menchetti, Mattia; Borowiec, Lech; Bračko, Gregor; Lapeva-Gjonova, Albena; Vila, Roger; Salata, Sebastian. "Taxonomic revision of the Aphaenogaster subterranea species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Annales Zoologici. 74 (2): 237–282. doi:10.3161/00034541anz2024.74.2.002.
  • Page Template:Sister-inline/styles.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Sister project logo". Media related to Script error: No such module "Commons link". at Wikimedia Commons

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