Ataraxia

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Bust of Epicurus. Achieving Template:Transl is an important goal in Epicurean philosophy.

In Ancient Greek philosophy, Script error: No such module "lang". (Template:Langx, from Script error: No such module "Lang". indicating negation or absence and Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". 'to disturb, trouble' with the abstract noun suffix Script error: No such module "Lang".), generally translated as 'unperturbedness', 'imperturbability', 'equanimity', or 'tranquility',[1] is a lucid state of robust equanimity characterized by ongoing freedom from distress and worry. In non-philosophical usage, Script error: No such module "lang". was the ideal mental state for soldiers entering battle.[2] Achieving Script error: No such module "lang". is a common goal for Pyrrhonism, Epicureanism, and Stoicism, but the role and value of Script error: No such module "lang". within each philosophy varies in accordance with their philosophical theories. The mental disturbances that prevent one from achieving Script error: No such module "lang". also vary among the philosophies, and each philosophy has a different understanding as to how to achieve Script error: No such module "lang"..

Pyrrhonism

Template:Pyrrhonism sidebar In Pyrrhonism, Script error: No such module "lang". is the intended result of Script error: No such module "lang". (i.e., suspension of judgment) regarding all matters of dogma (i.e., non-evident belief), which represents the central aim of Pyrrhonist practice,[3] that is necessary to bring about Script error: No such module "lang"..[4]

Epicureanism

Script error: No such module "lang". is a key component of the Epicurean conception of pleasure (Script error: No such module "lang".), which they consider the highest good.[5]Template:Rp Epicureans break pleasure down into two categories: the physical and the mental.[5]Template:R/superscript They consider mental, not physical, pleasures to be of high importance because physical pleasures exist only in the present; while mental pleasures exist in the past, the present, and the future.[5]Template:R/superscript Epicureans further separate pleasure into what they call Script error: No such module "lang". pleasure, those that come about through action or change,[6] and Script error: No such module "lang". pleasures, those that come about through an absence of distress.[5]Template:R/superscript Those who achieved freedom from physical disturbance were said to be in a state of Script error: No such module "lang"., while those who achieved freedom from mental disturbances were said to be in a state of Script error: No such module "lang"..[5]Template:R/superscript Script error: No such module "lang"., as both a mental and Script error: No such module "lang". pleasure, is key to a person's happiness.[5]Template:R/superscript

Stoicism

In Stoicism, unlike Pyrrhonism or Epicureanism, Script error: No such module "lang"., or tranquillity of the mind,[7]Template:Rp is not the ultimate goal of life. Instead, the goal is a life of virtue according to nature,[7]Template:R/superscript which is intended to bring about Script error: No such module "lang"., the absence of unhealthy passions. However, since Stoics in a state of Script error: No such module "lang". do not care about matters outside of themselves and are not susceptible to emotion, they would be unable to be disturbed by anything at all,[8] meaning that they were also in a stage of mental tranquillity and thus in a state of Script error: No such module "lang"..[7]Template:R/superscript

See also

References

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Wikiquote has quotations related to Ataraxia.

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Look up ataraxia or ἀταραξία in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Seddon, Keith H. "Epictetus". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kuzminski, Adrian (2008). Pyrrhonism: How the Ancient Greeks Reinvented Buddhism. Lexington Books. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-7391-3139-8.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Warren, James (2002). Epicurus and Democritean Ethics: An Archaeology of Ataraxia. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. p. 1.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Machuca, Diego E. (2006). "The Pyrrhonist's Ἀταραξία and Φιλανθρωπία" (PDF). Ancient Philosophy. 26 ((1)1): 114. doi:10.5840/ancientphil200626141.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.O'Keefe, Tim (2010). Epicureanism. University of California Press.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sharples, R. W. (1996). Stoics, Epicureans, and Sceptics: An Introduction to Hellenistic Philosophy. New York: Routledge. pp. 91–92.
  7. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Striker, Gisela (1990). "Ataraxia". The Monist. 73 (1): 97–110. doi:10.5840/monist199073121.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Strange, Steven K. (2004). "The Stoics on the Voluntariness of Passion". Stoicism: Traditions and Transformations. Cambridge University Press. p. 37.

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