Auxis
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Auxis is a genus of ocean-dwelling ray-finned bony fish in the family Scombridae, and tribe Thunnini, also known as the tunas. Auxis, commonly and collectively called the frigate tunas, is one of five genera of tunas which comprise the Thunnini tribe.
Species
There are four extant species in the genus Auxis, which were formerly regarded as two polytypic species, each with two subspecies.[1] In 2021, the extinct species Auxis koreanus was described from the Neogene of South Korea.[2]
Extant species
- Auxis brachydorax Collette & Aadland, 1996
- Auxis eudorax Collette & Aadland, 1996
- Auxis rochei Risso, 1810 (bullet tuna)
- Auxis thazard Lacépède, 1800 (frigate tuna)
Extinct species
- †Auxis koreanus Nam et al., 2021[2]
Description
Auxis can reach a length of 50–65 centimetres (20–26 in). They have a strong, fusiform body with a sharpened head. The teeth are small and conical. The two dorsal fins are separated by a wide gap. The pectoral fins are short. They have a dark, blue-black back, the top of the head may be deep purple or almost black. The belly is whitish and without streaks or spots.[citation needed]
Distribution
These fishes are widespread in all tropical and subtropical seas and oceans, and both mentioned species are present in the Mediterranean Sea with their subspecies (A. thazard thazard and A. rochei rochei).[citation needed]
Ecology
Auxis species are the predominant prey of pelagic gamefish off of the east coast of the United States.[3]
As food
In Japan the two species in the genus are collectively called Script error: No such module "Nihongo"., and this is also the common genus name. In Japanese cuisine, these fish are processed into Script error: No such module "lang"., a product much like Script error: No such module "lang"., though not really used in fine-dining restaurants or as condiment, but as a fish stock ingredient at more budget type popular-dining places, e.g., Script error: No such module "lang". noodle shops.[citation needed]
Although fresh fish might be eaten as sashimi or grilled, it has a lot of dark-red meat (Script error: No such module "lang".), so it is valued much less than the similar Script error: No such module "lang". (skipjack tuna). And it degrades quickly so shipment out to market is limited. The frigate tuna (Script error: No such module "lang".) is considered superior between the two.[citation needed]
Fossil record
Fossils of Auxis have been found in the Miocene of South Korea and the Pliocene of Italy and United States (age range: from 15 to 3.6 million years ago.).[2][4][5]
References
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- ^ Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nam, G.; Nazarkin, M. V.; Bannikov, A. F. (2021). "First discovery of the genus Auxis (Actinopterygii: Scombridae) in the Neogene of South Korea". Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana. 60 (1): 61–67. doi:10.4435/BSPI.2021.05 (inactive 11 July 2025).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Robins, Rick (29 April 2019). "Time to Protect Our Bullet Tunas". sportfishingmag.com. Sport Fishing Mag. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Suh, D.; Kim, S.-H.; Nam, G.-S. (2025). "A new tuna specimen (Genus Auxis) from the Duho Formation (Miocene) of South Korea". Peer Community Journal. 5 e81. doi:10.24072/pcjournal.585.
- ^ Paleobiology Database
External links
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- MNHN
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