Avolsheim

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Avolsheim (Script error: No such module "IPA".[2]) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region of north-eastern France.

The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.[3]

Geography

Avolsheim is located some 22 km west by south-west of Strasbourg and 18 km north of Obernai. Access to the commune is by the D422 from Odratzheim in the north which passes through the centre of the commune and the town and continues south to Molsheim. The D127 goes east from the town to Dachstein. Apart from the significant sized urban area the commune is mixed forest and farmland.[4]

The Bruche river flows north through the east of the commune and abruptly turns right near the northern border of the commune before continuing east to join a branch of the Rhine at Strasbourg. The Mossig river flows from the north-west forming the northern border of the commune before joining the Bruche.

Neighbouring communes and villages

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Toponymy

The first written record of the name of a village in the current commune dates from the year 788 and is called Hunzolfesheim. It was found in 1051 spelled Avelsheim then Afelsheim in 1350 with a dialectal form Âfelse. In 1496 it was written Afeltzheim and in 1589 Avelssheim again but with two "s". Since then, the village has had its present name and its spelling has not changed.

The prefix offe (offen in German = "open") was the origin of the name Avolsheim and therefore means "Open Town". It is possible that this name was given to the village since it was devoid of walls, which in the Middle Ages was relatively rare.

There is an old local saying in dialect: Es steht offe wie Âfelse ("It is as open as Avolsheim") suggesting that at one time the steeple at Avolsheim, which remained so long in ruins so was "open to the sky", that this could have been the origin of its name. This argument, with the previous one, are confirmed by the popular phrase, Fescht wie Landau un Offe wie Âfelse meaning "A Fort (or fortified) like Landau or open like Avolsheim".

History

File:Borne du ban d'Avolsheim-Chartreuse de Molsheim.jpg
Milestone limiting the ban of Avolsheim

Until the Revolution

Avolsheim is located on the Gallo-Roman road linking Molsheim to Saverne. Many objects dating from this period were excavated in 1930.

In the 10th century the area had two distinct hamlets: Avelsheim one hand, corresponding roughly to the current village, and Tumpfieter, Dompieter, or Domphietenheim, a village consisting of a group of a few farms and a mill located at a church called the Dompeter.

The last mention of this hamlet was in the 16th century. It probably died as a village by the end of the same century. For some historians doubt remains: it may have disappeared in the 17th century, its destruction following the Siege of Dachstein by the armies of Turenne.

According to the papal bull of Leo IX in 1051 Avolsheim, including the Mont Sainte-Odile Abbey, was part of the possessions of the bishopric of Strasbourg.

Avolsheim was put in vassalage to the Counts of Ostoffen, then to von Murnhart in 1384, and finally remained with von Beger until 1521. From 1534 until the Revolution, the area was a fief of the dignitaries of the diocese.

Since the French Revolution

The village has been linked to the sub-prefecture of Molsheim since the Revolution.

Avolsheim was once on the Sélestat to Saverne railway line before the section from Molsheim to Saverne was removed in 1967 and replaced with a bicycle path.

Heraldry

Arms of Avolsheim
Arms of Avolsheim
 Blazon:

Azure, a wheel Or of eight spokes, crowned the same, the hub and spokes in chief disappeared.



Administration

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List of Successive Mayors[5]

From To Name
2001 2008 Gilbert Vetter
2008 2014 Gérard Gendre
2014 2020 Françoise Hauss
2020 2026 Pascal Géhin

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Avolsheimois or Avolsheimoises in French.[6]

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Culture and heritage

File:Barrage sur la Bruche.JPG
The Dam on the Bruche

Civil heritage

The commune has many buildings that are registered as historical monuments:

Other sites of interest

The Avolsheim Dam was built in 1682 on the Bruche Canal that was built by Vauban. This canal was used to transport blocks of sandstone to Strasbourg from quarries at Soultz-les-Bains and Wolxheim which were necessary for the construction of the Citadel of Strasbourg. This dam enabled the keeping of the water level high enough to supply the canal located a little further down.

Religious heritage

File:Avolsheim Baptistère05.JPG
The Chapel of Saint-Ullrich

The commune has two religious buildings that are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Chapel of Saint-Ullrich (10th century).File:Logo monument historique - rouge sans texte.svg[22][23] The original building dates back to the 11th or end of the 10th century. In 1774 the chapel was transformed to become the new church adopting the facade that is seen today. The chapel consists of an original Tetraconch which is the oldest still existing in Alsace located along the ancient Roman road in the foothills of the Vosges. Taking the form of a clover leaf covered by a dome, the chapel is surmounted by an unusual octagonal tower. In 1774 a church was built next to the chapel to replace the Dompeter that was too far away. The church was finally demolished in 1911 because the building was too small. The central dome and mural paintings were revealed in 1968 when a layer of whitewash was removed. The chapel contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
File:Avolsheim - Eglise Saint-Materne -1.JPG
The Church of Saint-Materne
Other religious buildings
File:Avolsheim Dompeter05.JPG
The Church of Dompeter
  • The Church of Dompeter - one of the oldest churches in Alsace. This church is located in the centre of the Molsheim-Dachstein-Avolsheim triangle. Dedicated to Saint Peter by Materne, its exact age is not known but it is certain that Pope Leo IX consecrated the Dompeter around 1050. The name of the place comes from the Latin Domus Petri (stone house) although there is no trace of the primitive shrine which, according to legend, dates back to the beginning of Christianity. Excavations in 1914 revealed that the foundations on which the Dompeter is made date from Merovingian times. The various changes it has undergone have preserved traces of the era when the changes were done. It is an architectural wealth that allows the observation of the styles of different eras in one place: its bell tower is a perfect example. In 1767 the tower was partially destroyed in a fire. The destroyed part was replaced by an octagonal floor with a spire. After the abandonment of the building between the two wars, the Scouts have done some work in order to ensure its preservation. On the plaques which decorate the walls of the choir are engraved the names of the Scouts of Alsace who died during the Second World War. The church has one item that is registered as an historical object:

See also

Bibliography

  • Avolsheim over time: between Bruche and Mossig, Carré blanc, Strasbourg, 2003, 96 p. Template:ISBN Template:In lang
  • Marc Grandadam, The Romanesque buildings in Avolsheim: Church of Dompeter, Chapel of Saint Ulrich, M. Grandadam, 1989, 20 p. Template:In lang
  • Sigrid Metken, Dompeter in Avolsheim, Schnell u. Steiner Verlag, Munich, Zurich, 1968, 23 p. Template:In lang
  • François Reiner, Notice on the Ancient Church of Avolsheim, Levrault F. G, Strasbourg, 1827, 39 p. Template:In lang
  • Louis Schlaefli, Avolsheim: small stories of great history, in Yearbook of the Historical and Archaeological Society of Molsheim and environs, 1996, p. 5-24 Template:In lang

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in français). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Localisation et prononciation des noms de lieux d'Alsace commençant par A". elsasser.free.fr. Retrieved 2021-01-01.
  3. ^ Avolsheim in the Competition for Towns and Villages in Bloom Script error: No such module "webarchive". Template:In lang
  4. ^ Google Maps
  5. ^ List of Mayors of France Template:In lang
  6. ^ Le nom des habitants du 67 - Bas-Rhin, habitants.fr
  7. ^ Template:Cassini-Ehess
  8. ^ Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023, INSEE
  9. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006088 Vineyard Farmhouse at 3 Rue de la Boucherie Template:In lang
  10. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006089 Vineyard Farmhouse at 4 Rue de Dompeter Template:In lang
  11. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006085 Audéoud House or Maison des Soeurs at 1 place de l'Ecole Template:In lang
  12. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006086 Stonemason's House at 2 place de l'Ecole Template:In lang
  13. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006090 Vineyard Farmhouse at 4 Place de l'Eglise Template:In lang
  14. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006083 Guardhouse at 16 Rue de la Paix Template:In lang
  15. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006091 Vineyard Farmhouse at 2 Rue de la Paix Template:In lang
  16. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006092 Boatman's House at 5 Rue de la Paix Template:In lang
  17. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006084 Former Presbytery now Town Hall at 8 Rue de la Paix Template:In lang
  18. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006093 Fisherman's House at 9 Rue de la Paix Template:In lang
  19. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006087 Stonemason's House at 2 bis Rue Saint-Ullrich Template:In lang
  20. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006094 Farmhouse at 5 Route du Vin Template:In lang
  21. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006080 Houses and Farms Template:In lang
  22. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006082 Chapel of Saint Ullrich Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  23. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084593 Chapel of Saint Ullrich Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  24. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009642 Monumental Painting Template:In lang
  25. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009641 Altar Template:In lang
  26. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006081 Parish Church of Saint-Materne Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  27. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000019 Statue: Virgin and child Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  28. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000018 Statue: Virgin and child Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  29. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000016 Processional Cross Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg
  30. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009640 Bronze Bell Template:In lang
  31. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009639 2 Bronze Bells Template:In lang
  32. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009638 Organ Template:In lang
  33. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009637 Processional Cross (2) Template:In lang
  34. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009636 Processional Cross (1) Template:In lang
  35. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009649 Wayside Cross: Mount Calvary: Flagellation of Christ at Chemin Werwelweg Template:In lang
  36. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009648 Wayside Cross: Climbing Mount Calvary at C.D. 121 Template:In lang
  37. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009647 Wayside Cross N called Bildstock Template:In lang
  38. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009646 Wayside Cross: Christ on the Cross at Route du Vin Template:In lang
  39. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009645 Wayside Cross F called Bildstock Template:In lang
  40. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009644 Relief: Bélier at 1 Place de l'Ecole Template:In lang
  41. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009643 Wayside Cross: Christ on the Cross (H) at Route du Vin Template:In lang
  42. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000017 2 Statues: Saint Catherine and Saint Apolline Template:In langFile:Camera aabb.svg

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