Bahun

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Khas Bahun
Bahun
Regions with significant populations
File:Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal3,292,373 (11.2% of Nepal's population) (2021)[1]
Languages
Nepali (Khas-Kura)
Religion
Hinduism 99.56% (2011), Christianity 0.31% (2011)[2]
Related ethnic groups
Chhetri, Thakuri and other Khas people

Bahun (Template:Langx), also known as Hill Brahmins,[3] are a Brahmin varna among the Khas of Nepal.[citation needed] While their origins are disputed, the traditional view is that they arrived from India during the fourteenth century. Janajati activists usually view the Khas Aryas as migrants, while most Khas Arya academics-cum-activists claim that the group has always lived in Nepal.[4] According to the 2011 Nepal census, Bahun is the second most populous group after Chhetri.[5]

According to 1854 Muluki Ain, the first Nepalese civil code, Bahuns were regarded as caste among sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born Hindus.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

Origin

Script error: No such module "labelled list hatnote". Traditionally, Bahuns were members of the Khas community together Chhetris.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Possibly due to political power of the Khasa Malla kingdom, Khas Brahmins and Khas KshatriyasLua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. had high social status in the present-day western Nepal.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Bahuns, regarded as upper class Khas group together with Chhetris, were associated mostly with the Gorkha Kingdom and its expansion.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.[6]

There appears to be general agreement in historical records and family genealogy that Hill Brahmins (both Purbia and Kumai Bahuns) migrated from the Gangetic Plains to the western Himalayas then from there to the eastern Himalayas including Nepal. Nepali historians have claimed that Hill Brahmins entered the Himalayan region from Kannauj.[7] According to Acharya Bamsavali, Bahuns have migrated from Kanyakubja to Jumla in Nepal.[8]

Demography

According to the 2011 Nepal census, Bahuns (referred as Hill-Brahmin) are the second most populous group after Khas Chhetri with 12.2% of Nepal's population (or 3,226,903 people).[9] Bahun are the second largest Hindu group in Nepal with a population of 3,212,704 (99.6% of Bahuns).[9] Bahuns are the largest group in 15 districts in Nepal: Jhapa, Morang, Kathmandu, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, Rupandehi, Kaski, Syangja, Parbat, Gulmi and Arghakhanchi. Among these, Bahuns in Parbat (35.7%), Arghakhanchi (32.8%), Dhading (30.9%), Chitwan (28.6%), Kaski (27.8%) and Gulmi (25.2%) consist more than 25% of the district population. Kathmandu has largest Bahun population with 410,126 people (23.5%).[9]

Bahuns have the highest civil service representation with 39.2% of Nepal's bureaucracy while having only 12.1% of Nepal's total population. The civil service representation to population ratio is 3.2 times for Bahuns which is fourth in Nepal. Khas Chhetris represent 1.6 times in civil services to their percentage of population, which is the highest in Nepal.[10] As per the Public Service Commission, Brahmins (33.3%) and Chhetris (20.01%) were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs in F.Y. 2017-18 even though 45% governmental seats are reserved for women, indigenous and ethnic minorities, Madhesis, dalits, people with disability and those from the backward regions.[11] Similarly, in the fiscal 2018–19, Bahuns (24.87%) and Chhetris (9.63%) maintained 35% of their proportion in civil service as per Public Service Commission.[12]

Geographic distribution

According to the 2021 Nepal census, 3,292,373 people (11.29%) of the population of Nepal are Bahun (Hill Brahmins).[13] The frequency of Bahun (Hill Brahmins) by province was as follows:

The frequency of Bahun (Hill Brahmins) was higher than national average (12.2%) in the following districts:

Notable people

Academics

Artists

Athletes

Cricketers

Footballers

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Other athletes

Entertainment

Actors/Filmmakers

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Other entertainers

Entrepreneurs

Humanitarians

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Other notables

See also

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.National Statistics Office (2021). National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report. Government of Nepal (Report).
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Central Bureau of Statistics (2014). Population monograph of Nepal (PDF) (Report). Vol. II. Government of Nepal.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Oberst, Robert (27 April 2018). Government and Politics in South Asia, Student Economy Edition. Routledge. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-429-97340-6.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hachhethu, Krishna (2023). Nation-Building and Federalism in Nepal. Oxford University Press. pp. 39–40. ISBN 978-0-19-887291-7.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Nepal Census 2011" (PDF).
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Nepal -".
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Prakash Raj (1996). Brahmins in Nepal. Nabeen Publications. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-7855-7366-1.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Prakash Raj (1996). Brahmins in Nepal. Nabeen Publications. ISBN 978-0-7855-7366-1.
  9. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Nepal Census 2011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dhakal, Amit (11 June 2014). "निजामती सेवामा सबैभन्दा बढी प्रतिनिधित्व राजपूत, कायस्थ र तराई ब्राम्हण". Setopati. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs". kathmandupost.com.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Brahmins and Chhetris continue to dominate entry into civil service". kathmandupost.com.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.National Statistics Office (2021). National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report. Government of Nepal (Report).
  14. ^ Chabilal Upadhyaya - Wikipedia
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Raj, Prakash A. (2006). Dancing Democracy: The power of a Third Eye. Rupa & Company. ISBN 9788129109460.
  16. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Girija Prasad Koirala: The architect of democracy in Nepal". Dawn. 23 March 2010. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Westminster legacies. UNSW Press. 2005. ISBN 978-0-86840-848-4. Retrieved 15 May 2009.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Flight of a free bird". My Republica. 7 March 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Goldenberg, Suzanne (4 May 1999). "Man Mohan Adhikari". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."CPN Maoist Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal elected as 39th Prime Minister of Nepal". Xinhuanet. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Prachanda elected Prime Minister of Nepal". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."CPN-UML Comrades Apart". Spotlight Nepal Magazine. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  23. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Caste no bar". Nepali Times. 16 January 2009. Retrieved 12 February 2018.

Bibliography

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