Bhimber

Bhimber بھمبر
Coordinates:
Administering country	Pakistan
Dependent Territory	Azad Kashmir
District	Bhimber
Government
• Chairman Municipal Corporation	Ch. Altaf Ibrahim
• Deputy Commissioner	Arshad Mehmood Jarral
Population  (2017)	Template:Fix comma category
Population  (2017)
• Total	Template:Fix comma category
• Density
Template:Pluralize from text	Template:Pluralize from text
Time zone	UTC+5 (PST)
Postal code	10040
Dialling code	0092-05828
Website	Official Website

Bhimber (Template:Langx) is a town and the headquarters of the eponymous district in Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir. The town and district are between the Jammu region of Indian-administered Kashmir and Pakistan proper, about Template:Cvt by road southeast of Mirpur.

History

Bhimber was the capital of the Chibhal dynasty, which lasted from 1400 to 1856.

In 1486, Raja Howns (probably Hans) of Bhimber defeated a force from the Punjab that attempted to enter through Bhimber.

Bhimber was listed in the Ain-i Akbari (c. 1595) as a mahal under Lahore Subah, counted as part of the Jech Doab. It was listed with an assessed revenue of 1,200,000 dams and was not listed as supplying any troops to the Mughal army.Template:Rp

Bhimber lies on the route that was followed by the Mughal emperors during their frequent visits to the Kashmir Valley. It is also known as "Baab-e-Kashmir" (Door to Kashmir) because of its importance and geographical location, which made it suitable for the Mughal emperors to enter Kashmir. Therefore, the Mughals used Bhimber as a staging point for their journey to Srinagar. The Mughal emperor Jahangir mentions Bhimber in his book Tuzk-e-Jahangiri.

Bhimber is also mentioned on page 19 of the Atlas Maior, published in 1665 by Joan Blaeu, a Dutch cartographer.

File:Bhimbar in Atlas Maior.jpg

"Bhimbar in Atlas Maior"

Modern history

In the 19th century, Chibhal came under the Maharaja Gulab Singh. Around 1822, along with Poonch, it was granted as a jagir (feudal land grant) to Raja Dhian Singh of the Dogra dynasty, Gulab Singh's brother. After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Sikh court fell into disunity, and Dhian Singh was murdered in court intrigue. Subsequently, the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir was formed under the suzerainty of the British Empire, and these territories were transferred to Jammu and Kashmir. The jagir given to Dhian Singh was respected, however, and Dhian Singh's sons Moti Singh and Jawahir Singh were retained as their Rajas.

In 1852, the brothers Jawahir and Moti Singh quarrelled, and the Punjab Board of Revenue awarded a settlement. Moti Singh was awarded the Poonch district, and Jawahir Singh was awarded Bhimber, Mirpur and Kotli. In 1859, Jawahir Singh was accused of 'treacherous conspiracy' by Maharaja Ranbir Singh (r. 1857–1885), who succeeded Gulab Singh. The British agreed with the assessment and forced Jawahir Singh to exile in Ambala. Ranbir Singh paid Jawahir Singh an annual stipend of Rs. 100,000 until his death, and appropriated his territory afterwards because Jawahir Singh had no heirs.

The appropriated territory was organised as the Bhimber district (wazarat) in 1860. In the decade preceding 1911, the district headquarters was shifted to Mirpur and it came to be called the Mirpur district. Bhimber remained a tehsil headquarters until 1947. It had a Hindu majority population, mostly consisting of Mahajans.

Geography and climate

File:Panoramic view of Bhimber.jpg

Panoramic view of Bhimber

Bhimber is a valley. Its hot, subhumid climate and other geographical conditions closely resemble those of Gujrat, the adjoining district in Punjab.

The climate in Bhimber is classified as warm and temperate. Summers have a good deal of rainfall; winters have much less. This location is classified as Cwa by Köppen. The average annual temperature is Template:Cvt with a yearly average rainfall of Template:Cvt. July and August are the wettest months. Temperatures are highest in June.

Notable people

• Chaudhry Anwarul Haq — 15th Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir
• Raja Muhammad Zulqarnain Khan — politician, ex-President of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
• Manzoor Mirza — economist
• Brig. Ret.Habib ur Rahman — (1913-1978) Ex Indian National Army
• Ghulam Rasul Raja — Pakistan Army officer
• Baba Shadi Shaheed — Sufi saint who fought against the Sikhs

Bibliography

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