CENPF

Template:Short description Template:Cs1 config An Error has occurred retrieving Wikidata item for infobox Centromere protein F is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPF gene. It is involved in chromosome segregation during cell division. It also has a role in the orientation of microtubules to form cellular cilia.

Function

CENPF is part of the nuclear matrix during the G2 phase of the cell cycle (the phase of rapid protein synthesis in preparation for mitosis). In late G2, the protein forms part of the kinetochore, a disc-shaped protein complex that allows the centromere of two sister chromatids to attach to microtubules (forming the spindle apparatus) in order for the microtubules to pull them apart in the process of dividing the cell. It remains part of the kinetochore through early anaphase (the chromosome-dividing phase). In late anaphase, CENPF localises to the spindle midzone, and in telophase (the cell-dividing phase) it localises to the intercellular bridge. It is thought to be subsequently degraded. Mutations in CENPF lead to impaired cell division during early development. Mitosis has been found to take longer when the gene is mutated.

Microtubules are protein structures that are part of the cytoskeleton and are necessary for cells to have diverse, complex shapes and migratory ability. They are made by the centrosome, which contains a pair of cylindrical centrioles at right-angles to each other. Before division, CENPF localises at the end of one of the centrioles (the mother centriole) in order to orient microtubules correctly to form thin cellular projections called cilia. Most cilia are primary cilia, which are involved in cell signalling to trigger migration, division or differentiation. Mutations in CENPF disrupt this ability to form cilia; cilia have been found to be fewer in number and shorter when the gene is mutated.

CENPF is thought to form either a homodimer or heterodimer.

Clinical significance

Mutations in both copies of CENPF cause Strømme syndrome, characterised by microcephaly, eye abnormalities and apple-peel jejunal atresia. Autoantibodies against CENPF have been found in patients with cancer or graft-versus-host disease.

See also

• CENPE
• CENPJ
• CENPT

External links

• Template:UCSC gene info

Further reading

• Ma L, Zhao X, Zhu X (2006). "Mitosin/CENP-F in mitosis, transcriptional control, and differentiation". Journal of Biomedical Science. 13 (2): 205–213. doi:10.1007/s11373-005-9057-3. PMID 16456711.
• Liao H, Winkfein RJ, Mack G, Rattner JB, Yen TJ (August 1995). "CENP-F is a protein of the nuclear matrix that assembles onto kinetochores at late G2 and is rapidly degraded after mitosis". The Journal of Cell Biology. 130 (3): 507–518. doi:10.1083/jcb.130.3.507. PMC 2120529. PMID 7542657.
• Li Q, Ke Y, Kapp JA, Fertig N, Medsger TA, Joshi HC (July 1995). "A novel cell-cycle-dependent 350-kDa nuclear protein: C-terminal domain sufficient for nuclear localization". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 212 (1): 220–228. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1959. PMID 7612011.
• Zhu X, Chang KH, He D, Mancini MA, Brinkley WR, Lee WH (August 1995). "The C terminus of mitosin is essential for its nuclear localization, centromere/kinetochore targeting, and dimerization". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (33): 19545–19550. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.33.19545. PMID 7642639.
• Zhu X, Mancini MA, Chang KH, Liu CY, Chen CF, Shan B, et al. (September 1995). "Characterization of a novel 350-kilodalton nuclear phosphoprotein that is specifically involved in mitotic-phase progression". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (9): 5017–5029. doi:10.1128/MCB.15.9.5017. PMC 230749. PMID 7651420.
• Li S, Ku CY, Farmer AA, Cong YS, Chen CF, Lee WH (March 1998). "Identification of a novel cytoplasmic protein that specifically binds to nuclear localization signal motifs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (11): 6183–6189. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.11.6183. PMID 9497340.
• Chan GK, Schaar BT, Yen TJ (1998). "Characterization of the kinetochore binding domain of CENP-E reveals interactions with the kinetochore proteins CENP-F and hBUBR1". The Journal of Cell Biology. 143 (1): 49–63. doi:10.1083/jcb.143.1.49. PMC 2132809. PMID 9763420.
• Zhu X (February 1999). "Structural requirements and dynamics of mitosin-kinetochore interaction in M phase". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 19 (2): 1016–1024. doi:10.1128/MCB.19.2.1016. PMC 116032. PMID 9891037.
• Erlanson M, Casiano CA, Tan EM, Lindh J, Roos G, Landberg G (January 1999). "Immunohistochemical analysis of the proliferation associated nuclear antigen CENP-F in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". Modern Pathology. 12 (1): 69–74. PMID 9950165.
• Goodwin RL, Pabón-Peña LM, Foster GC, Bader D (1999). "The cloning and analysis of LEK1 identifies variations in the LEK/centromere protein F/mitosin gene family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (26): 18597–18604. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.26.18597. PMID 10373470.
• Ashar HR, James L, Gray K, Carr D, Black S, Armstrong L, et al. (September 2000). "Farnesyl transferase inhibitors block the farnesylation of CENP-E and CENP-F and alter the association of CENP-E with the microtubules". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (39): 30451–30457. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003469200. PMID 10852915.
• Kobayashi M, Hanai R (2001). "M phase-specific association of human topoisomerase IIIbeta with chromosomes". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 287 (1): 282–287. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5580. PMID 11549288.
• Hussein D, Taylor SS (2003). "Farnesylation of Cenp-F is required for G2/M progression and degradation after mitosis". Journal of Cell Science. 115 (Pt 17): 3403–3414. doi:10.1242/jcs.115.17.3403. PMID 12154071.
• Holstein SA, Hohl RJ (2003). "Synergistic interaction of lovastatin and paclitaxel in human cancer cells". Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 1 (2): 141–149. PMID 12467231.
• Konstantinidou AE, Korkolopoulou P, Kavantzas N, Mahera H, Thymara I, Kotsiakis X, et al. (January 2003). "Mitosin, a novel marker of cell proliferation and early recurrence in intracranial meningiomas". Histology and Histopathology. 18 (1): 67–74. doi:10.14670/HH-18.67. PMID 12507285.
• Yang ZY, Guo J, Li N, Qian M, Wang SN, Zhu XL (August 2003). "Mitosin/CENP-F is a conserved kinetochore protein subjected to cytoplasmic dynein-mediated poleward transport". Cell Research. 13 (4): 275–283. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290172. PMID 12974617.
• Laoukili J, Kooistra MR, Brás A, Kauw J, Kerkhoven RM, Morrison A, et al. (February 2005). "FoxM1 is required for execution of the mitotic programme and chromosome stability". Nature Cell Biology. 7 (2): 126–136. doi:10.1038/ncb1217. PMID 15654331. S2CID 11732068.
• Zhou X, Wang R, Fan L, Li Y, Ma L, Yang Z, et al. (April 2005). "Mitosin/CENP-F as a negative regulator of activating transcription factor-4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (14): 13973–13977. doi:10.1074/jbc.M414310200. PMID 15677469.