Chervyen

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Chervyen
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Town
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Church
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Flag
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Coat of arms
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CountryBelarus
RegionMinsk Region
DistrictChervyen District
Founded1387
Elevation
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Population
 (2026)[1]
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Population
 (2026)[1]
 • Total
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Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK)
Postal code
223232
Template:Pluralize from text+375 1714Template:Pluralize from text
License plate5
WebsiteOfficial website

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File:Ihumien. Ігумен (22.07.2007).jpg
Town's central park

Chervyen or Cherven,[a] previously known as Ihumen[b] until 1923, is a town in Minsk Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Chervyen District.[1] In 2016, its population was 9,718.[2] As of 2026, it has a population of 10,617.[1]

History

On 25–27 June 1941, the Soviet NKVD carried out a mass execution of political prisoners from Minsk in the nearby Tsagelnya forest.[3] Wooden statue Mourning Angel, by sculptor Gennady Matusevich, was erected at the location.[4] Commemorative events are held there every year in June.[5][6][7]

On 1 February 1942, the German forces and local policemen surrounded the Cherven ghetto. At the same time, other Jews living outside the ghetto walls, such as in the local hospital, were gathered together. They were ordered to undress to their undergarments and lie on the ground, where they were shot dead. Witnesses put the number of victims at between 1,500 and 1,750 people. The murder operation was carried out by the Einsatzkommando 8 unit of Einsatzgruppe B, with the help of local policeman.[8]

Geography

Located 66 kilometres (41 mi) east of Minsk and 45 kilometres (28 mi) west of Berezino, Chervyen lies on a plain in the middle of its district. It is crossed to the north by the M4 highway Minsk-Mogilev. The national road P59 links it with the town of Smalyavichy (50 kilometres (31 mi) north) and the Minsk National Airport (65 kilometres (40 mi) north).[9]

Notable people

  • Vladimir Isaacovich Fundator (1903–86), metallurgist who invented the technology which made possible the aluminum diesel engine for the T-34 tank, thus facilitating the rapid advance of the Red Army in World War 2; recipient USSR Council of Ministers Prize.[10][11][12]
  • David Golub (1901-2001), Belarusian anatomist, Doctor of Medical Sciences. His main scientific works were on the anatomy and embryology of the nervous and vascular systems of humans and animals. He identified the main patterns of development of the peripheral nervous system.
  • Leivik Halpern (1888-1962), Yiddish poet and literary editor who under the pen name H Leivik wrote The Golem, among other works.[13]
  • David Nisnevich (1893-1963), composer of Russian and Yiddish folk songs.[14]
  • Lieutenant Semion Gurevich (1915-1984), distinguished himself by leading a Red Army attack across the Dnieper River in September 1943, for which he received the title Hero of the Soviet Union.[15]
  • Professor David Movshevitch Golub (1901-2001), distinguished anatomist and embryologist; Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; recipient Red Banner of Labour.[16]
  • Professor Feival Movshevitch Golub, brother of David, headed the Department of Surgical Diseases, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan; recipient Honorary Scientist of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic.[17]
  • Vladimir Adomovich Korol (1912-1980), architect involved in the plans to rebuild Minsk after the destruction of World War 2; received Order of Lenin.[18][19]
  • Oleg Novitskiy (b. 1971), Russian cosmonaut.[20]
  • Valery Shary (b. 1947), Olympic light-heavyweight weightlifting champion.[21]
  • Mikhail Stanyuta (1881-1974), Belarusian Soviet painter, portraitist, graphic artist, and teacher. He worked primarily in easel painting (thematic paintings, portraits, landscapes, still lifes) and graphics.
  • Kim Tesakov (1936-2018), Belarusian composer, Honored Artist of the Republic of Belarus. Tesakov's music is characterized by the grandeur of figurative and dramatic generalization, drawing on folk song traditions. He is known as the developer of the original genre of radio opera [22].

Notes

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Численность населения на 1 января 2026 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2025 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". belsat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 8 May 2026. Retrieved 8 May 2026.
  2. ^ Template:In lang 2016 census of Belarus Script error: No such module "webarchive". (Belstat)
  3. ^ [1] Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Як адзін мастак беларусізаваў цэлы горад – Наша Ніва: першая беларуская газета". Nn.by. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
  5. ^ Info on charter97.com Script error: No such module "webarchive".
  6. ^ Info on belarus.net
  7. ^ Info on svoboda.org
  8. ^ Info at the Yad Vashem website
  9. ^ Template:OSM
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."ФУНДАТОР Владимир Исаакович — Российская Еврейская Энциклопедия". rujen.ru. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Вклад литейщиков в создание танка Т-34, Н.В. Волох". www.foundrymag.ru. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Newsletters - Tools - Belarus SIG - JewishGen.org". www.jewishgen.org. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fogel, Joshua (2017-04-04). "Yiddish Leksikon: H. LEIVICK". Yiddish Leksikon. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."YIVO | Songs and Songwriters". yivoencyclopedia.org. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Semion Gurevich | www.yadvashem.org". semion-gurevich.html. Archived from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."In memory of the scientist :: GOLUB David Movshevich". nasb.gov.by. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Education, SamMI. "Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1". www.sammi.uz. Archived from the original on 2021-10-19. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."CodeJam-Culture-Portal". culture-portal-arch.netlify.app. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Vladimir Adamovich Korol". TheFreeDictionary.com. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Центр подготовки космонавтов им. Ю.А.Гагарина. Официальный Web-сайт". www.gctc.ru (in русский). Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Olympedia – Valery Shary". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Famous Belarusians born in Cherven". nashi-lyudi.by.

Further reading

  • Lipińska G., Jeśli zapomnę o nich..., 1990
  • Stankiewicz-Januszczak, J., Marsz śmierci – ewakuacja więźniów z Mińska do Czerwieni 24–27 czerwca 1941 r., Volumen (1999) (Polish)
  • Stankiewicz-Januszczak J., Dziś mówię ludziom, co mówiłam Bogu..., Template:ISBN (Polish)
  • Petruitis J., Kaip jie mus sušaudė, Kaunas, 1942, 1990 (Lith.)
  • Tumas J. Kelias į Červenę, Vilnius, 1990 (Lith.)

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