Chinali language
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| Chinali | |
|---|---|
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| Native to | Himachal Pradesh |
| Region | Chandra and Chandrabhaga Valley |
| Ethnicity | Chinali[citation needed] |
Native speakers | 215 (2016)Template:Ethnologue25 does not exist |
Indo-European
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| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | cih |
| Glottolog | chin1475 |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
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Chinali (natively called Chinalbhashe)[citation needed] is an unclassified, and critically endangered language of India spoken by about 220 people. Many speakers are well educated.[1] Speakers are distributed throughout Lahul (or Lahaul) Valley.[2] It is written in the Devanagari script.[1] It is possible that Chinali is also closely related to Sanskrit.[3]
Phonology
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Retroflex | Velar/ Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ɳ | ŋ | |
| Stop | voiceless | p | t̪ | ʈ | k | |
| aspirated | pʰ | t̪ʰ | ʈʰ | kʰ | ||
| voiced | b | d̪ | ɖ | ɡ | ||
| breathy | bʱ | d̪ʱ | ɖʱ | ɡʱ | ||
| Affricate | voiceless | t͡s | t͡ʃ | |||
| aspirated | t͡sʰ | t͡ʃʰ | ||||
| voiced | d͡z | d͡ʒ | ||||
| breathy | d͡ʒʱ | |||||
| Semi vowels | w | |||||
| Spirants | unvoiced | s | ʃ | ʂ | x | |
| voiced | z | ɦ | ||||
| Vibrant | r | ɽ | ||||
| Lateral | l | ɭ | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Near-close/high | iː | uː | |
| mid higher | ɛ ɛː | ɔ | |
| Near-open | ɐ ɐː ɐ̃ː | a aː |
References
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- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
e25was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Indo-Aryan Languages", "International Encyclopedia of Linguistics Vol. 1" edited by W. J. Frawley.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Chamberlain, Brad, Wendy (August 2019). "A Sociolinguistic Survey of Lahul Valley, Himachal Pradesh" (PDF). SIL International: 10.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b A Descriptive Grammar & Vocabulary of Chinali, Dr. D.D. Sharma
